专四语法4---反意疑问句

云南师范大学商学院外语系劉曉康老師製TEM4专四辅导系列：---TEM4语法Grammar第二讲2020/6/202TagQuestions4.反意疑问句DisjunctiveQuestion/TagQuestion2020/6/203TagQuestionsA.反意疑问句概述2020/6/204TagQuestionsA.概述：反意疑问句又被称作附加疑问句（DisjunctiveQuestion/tagquestion）。反意疑问句形式虽然很简单，但是在不同结构中的构成不同，是TEM4考试中的一个重要考点。2020/6/205TagQuestionsA.概述：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。2020/6/206TagQuestionsB.反意疑问句基本形式2020/6/207TagQuestions一般情况下，疑问部分的主语应与主句的主语一致。反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是，“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”MywifesaysthatIdidit,doesn’tshe？2020/6/208TagQuestions例1:Shewouldhavebeenmoreagreeableifshehadchangedalittlebit,________?.(2003-53)A.hadn’tsheB.hasn’tsheC.wouldn’tsheD.didn’tshe2020/6/209TagQuestionsC.反意疑问句的特殊用法2020/6/2010TagQuestions在此将反意疑问句的特殊用法分为五大类，这部分是TEM4考察的重点。2020/6/2011TagQuestions1.在Isuppose/think/believe/expect/imagine/fancy/believe等结构的句子中，反意疑问句的形式要根据后半部分而定，但是肯定与否由此处说话人的观点来决定,例如：Isupposeyou’regoingtoday,aren’tyou?Idon’tthinkhewillcome,willhe?2020/6/2012TagQuestions2.前句否定的情况，包括not,no,never,seldom,hardly,scarcely,nobody,little,nothing,nowhere等，前后两部分时态应保持一致，后半部分应使用肯定形式,例如：2020/6/2013TagQuestionsBirdsrarelybuildnestsinourgarden,dothey?Youhavenothingagainstit,haveyou?Youhavenevermeteachotherbefore,haveyou?Youwerehardlytwelvethen,wereyou?2020/6/2014TagQuestions例2:YouandIcouldhardlyunderstand,________?(1995-60)A.couldIB.couldn’tweC.couldn’tyouD.couldwe2020/6/2015TagQuestions3.如果陈述部分是第二人称祈使句，“You”通常省略。在附加疑问句中要加上主语“you”。肯定形式为willyou；否定形式是won’tyou,如：Don’ttakeawaymydictionary,willyou？Pleasestopsmoking,willyou?2020/6/2016TagQuestions例3:Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatvideotape,don’tforgettoputitinmydrawer,________?（1997－42）A.doyouB.willyouC.don’tyouD.won’tyou2020/6/2017TagQuestions例4:Dohelpyourselftosomefruit,________?（2000－44）A.can’tB.don’tC.wouldn’tD.won’tyou2020/6/2018TagQuestionsLet's开头的祈使句，后用shallwe（或用shan'twe)?；Letus开头的祈使句，后用willyou（或won'tyou）?Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe（or:shan'twe)?Letuswaitforhiminthereading-room,willyou（or:won'tyou）?2020/6/2019TagQuestions4.前句谓语动词用usedto,后句可用didn’t或usedn’t如：Youusedtosmokeapipe,didn’tyou?（or:usedn’tyou?）Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?/usedn'the?2020/6/2020TagQuestions例5:Thereusedtobeapetrolstationnearthepark,________?（2006－65）A.didn’titB.doesn’tthereC.usedn’titD.didn’tthere2020/6/2021TagQuestions5.有情态动词的反意疑问句句型当陈述部分有dare或need时,若dare和need为实义动词,疑问部分的谓语用do的适当形式;若dare和need为情态动词时,疑问部分用dare或need构成.例如:Weneedtodoit,don'twe?Youdaren'tgothere,dareyou?Youneedn’tdoitifyoudon’twantto,needyou?2020/6/2022TagQuestions例6:Ahibernatinganimalneedshardlyanyfoodallthroughthewinter,______?（1992－59）A.needitB.needn’titC.doesitD.doesn’tit2020/6/2023TagQuestions补充：must表示“必须、禁止命令或强制“时，反意疑问部分要用must(mustn’t);must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句部分要用needn’t。Youmustdoitbyyourself,mustn'tyou?Youmustn’tstopyourcarhere,mustyou?Theymustfinishtheworktoday,needn’tthey?Youmustseehimtonight,needn'tyou?2020/6/2024当must表示“一定”或“想必”等推测意义时，反意疑问部分不用mustn‘t，而根据must后的动词形式而定。例如：Hemustbecrazytodoso,isn'the?Shemusthavebeenthereforalongtime,hasn'tshe?Theymusthavestayedathomelastnight,didn'tthey?2020/6/2025陈述部分用must(may,might)+have+V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如：①Hemighthaveforgottenhispenintheclassroomyesterday,didn’the?（不用mightn’the?/hasn’the?）②Youmusthavegotuplatethismorning,didn’tyou?（不用mustn’tyou?/haven’tyou?）陈述部分用must(may,might)+have+V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如：①Everyonemusthaveknownthedeathofthewaitress,haven’tthey?（不用mustn’tthey?）②Youmusthaveworkedthereayearago,didn’tyou?（不用mustn’tyou?/haven’tyou?）2020/6/20261,therebe句型，附加疑问句用there充当主语，而不用it/theyThereisapenonthedesk,isn’tthere?Therewerelostsofpeopleoverthere,weren’tthere?2020/6/20272陈述句的主语如果是everyone/everybody/someone/anyone,noone,nobody,附加疑问句用they,尤其是在口语中。但是，使用he也是正确的somebodyborrowmypenyesterday,didn’tthey?Noonewasinjuredintheaccident,werethey?2020/6/20283陈述句的主语如果是this,that,these,those,附加疑问句分别用it,theyThatisyourbook,isn’tit?Thosearegoodcars,aren’tthey？2020/6/20294,Iam,附加疑问句用aren’t(british)orain’t(americanenglish)，不用amnotI’mlate,aren’tI?Iamdoingwell,ain’t/aren’tI?2020/6/20305.陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语。Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?2020/6/20317.—Don’tbothertodrivemeback.—Butthenyou’dhavetowalkalongwayhome,________?A.doyouB.hadn’tyouC.wouldn’tyouD.wouldyou8.Let’spreparefortheexamtogether,________?A.canweB.shallweC.don’tweD.willyou9.Idon’tthinkIwillbringyoumuchtrouble,__________?A.willIB.won’tIC.doID.don’tI10.Someonehasleftthelighton,________?A.hasheB.hasn’theC.havetheyD.haven’tthey2020/6/203212.Bobneverusedtosmoke,_________?A.didn’theB.usedn’theC.usedheD.doeshe13.Goandgetsomefood,________?A.don’tyouB.shallyouC.willyouD.can’tyou2020/6/2033感叹句中，疑问部分用be+主语。Whatcolours,aren'tthey?Whatasmell,isn'tit?2020/6/2034陈述句中是非限定人称代词one时，正式文体中，简短问句的主语为one，而非正式文体中用you。例如:Onemustbehonest,mustn’tone?2020/6/203514.Onthisoccasion,oneisnotsupposedtobehavethisway,_________?A.doesoneB.isoneC.aretheyD.dothey15.I’llbethirteentomorrow,_________?A.amIB.aren’tIC.won’tID.willI16.Ioughttogowithyou,_______?A.didIB.shouldn’tIC.shouldID.didInot17.Whatafu