HND个人理财参考答案

1.CreditcardAdvantage31.PurchasePowerandEaseofPurchase-Creditcardscanmakeiteasiertobuythings.Ifyoudon'tliketocarrylargeamountsofcashwithyouorifacompanydoesn'tacceptcashpurchasesputtingpurchasesonacreditcardcanmakebuyingthingseasier.2.ProtectionofPurchases-Creditcardsmayalsoofferyouadditionalprotectionifsomethingyouhaveboughtislost,damaged,orstolen.3.BuildingaCreditLine-Havingagoodcredithistoryisoftenimportant,notonlywhenapplyingforcreditcards,butalsowhenapplyingforthingssuchasloans,rentalapplications,orevensomejobs.Disadvantage31.BlowingYourBudget--Thebiggestdisadvantageofcreditcardsisthattheyencouragepeopletospendmoneythattheydon'thave.Mostcreditcardsdonotrequireyoutopayoffyourbalanceeachmonth,soevenifyouonlyhave£100,youmaybeabletospendupto£500or£1,000onyourcreditcard.2.HighInterestRatesandIncreasedDebt--Creditcardcompanieschargeyouanenormousamountofinterestoneachbalancethatyoudon'tpayoffattheendofeachmonth.ThisishowtheymaketheirmoneyandthisishowmostpeopleintheUnitedStatesgetintodebt.3.CreditCardFraud-Likecash,sometimescreditcardscanbestolen.Theymaybephysicallystolenorsomeonemaystealyourcreditcardnumberanduseyourcardtorackupdebts.Howtoavoidtopayinterestonpurchase?1.Paid-offtheoutstandingbalanceinfullbytheduedatewhichstatementeverymonth.2.Setupadirectdebittoclearoutstandingbalanceeachmonthautomatically.2.Non-cashpaymentContactlesspaymentContactlessisafast,easyandsecurewaytopay.Thepurchasertapsthecardreaderwiththeircard,waitsforabeepandgreenlightandthetransactioniscompleted.FromSeptember2015,thecontactlesscardpaymentlimitisbeingincreasedfrom£20to£30.Beyondthelimit,thecustomerhastousethechipandpinfunctiontoauthorizethetransactionusingtheirPINnumber.Advantages:1.Convenience.Tappingtopayisfasterandmoreconvenientthanmostotherformsofpayment.Acontactlesscard,forinstance,canbeusedwithoutremovingitfromyourwallet.2.Acceptance.Contactlesscardsareacceptedatfarfewerlocationsorretailersthanotherpaymentmethods.Disadvantages:1.Lessimplicit.Ifyouhavemultiplecardsinyourwalletandyoupaywithoutremovingthem,thewinnerisrandomluck.Sometimes,thiscancauserealissues(suchaserrorsattransitsettings).2.Lesssecurethanchip-and-pin3.ISADefinition:TheindividualSavingAccountisanaccountwhereinterestandgainsmadeoncapitalisnottaxedatsource.Features:1.availabletosaversaged16orover.2.ISAsareavailabletoUKresidents.3.ISAwasdesignedtoencouragesavertoinvestinawiderangeofsavingorinvestments.4.WithstockandsharesinaISA,dividendsarefreeiftax.Anycapitalgainsonthestocksandsharesarealsotaxfee.5.ThemaximumyoucansaveinISAsis£20,000(6April2018-5April2019)taxfee.6.ISAcanbesavingaccounts,shareaccountsoracombinationofthetwo.TherearefourcomponentswithinISA.1.CashISA2.StocksandsharesISA3.InnovativefinanceISA4.LifetimeISAHowtosavingYoucansaveupto£20000inonetypeofaccountorsplittheallowanceacrosssomeoralloftheothertypes.Youcanonlypay£4000intoyourlifetimeISAinataxfree.4.PersonalloansintheUK1.Loantermscanusuallybe1yearto8years(or5years),andtheexacttermdependsontheamountborrowed.2.Personalloansarealwaysunsecured.3.Interestontheloanischargedatafixedrateforthefullterm.4.Personalloansusuallyavailableforsumsof£1,000to£50,000(or£25,000),themaximumamountdependsonfinancialinstitutions’decisionsandcustomer’individualcircumstances.5.Personalloaniscreatedbytransferringfundsintothecustomer’scurrentaccount.Overdraftfeatures1.Anoverdraftallowsyoutoborrowalimitedamountofmoneythatbankshaveapprovedforyouthroughyourcurrentaccount,andyoucanissuechequestomakepaymentsuptothatlimit.2.Bankswillonlychargeyouinterestandfeeifyouactuallyuseit.Thechargebasedonthetotalamountofoverdraftondailybasis.3.Lowerinterestrateswillbechargedcomparewiththeborrowingfromcreditcardsincethetotalamountofborrowedmaydecreaseifyoursalaryispaidtoyourcurrentregularly.5.MortgageEquityreleasemortgageEquityreleasemortgageistheprocessofpayingoffonemortgagewithproceedsfromanothermortgageusingthesamepropertyassecurity.Advantage31.Thereleasepfequitythatcanbeusedforrenovationworkorexpandingyouhome.2.Norestrictionsonrentingthepropertyoutifthereisnomortgage.3.Theprocessforapplicationisveryquicksincethisisnotthefirsttimeapplication.Disadvantage21.Itmaximumloanisupto£25,000.2.Youmaybeswitchingyourshorttermdebtstolongtermdebts.1.RedundancyinsurancepolicyRedundancyinsurance,alsoreferredtoasunemploymentprotectioninsurance.Itallowsyoutocover50%-70%ofyourGROSSsalaryuptoamaximumof£5000permonthTaxFree.Features:1.Benefitsarepayablemonthlyusuallyafter30daysunemployment.2.Payableuntilareturntoworkortheceasingdate.3.Canbeinsole,jointcoveror2separatenames.4.Oftenlinkedaccidentorsicknessinsuranceplans-althoughcanbetakenasseparatebenefits.ASUYoucanchooselinkedASU.Itisdesignedtoprovideyouwithfinancialprotectionintheeventyouareunabletocontinueworkingbecause:1.Youhavelostyoujobthroughonfaultofyouown.2.Youbecomeillandaretoosicktowork.3.Youareinjuredandunabletowork2.FactorsWhentheychooseinsurance,theycanconsider1.benefits/levelofcover2.premiumspayable3.Conditionsandexclusiontothecover4.Dothepremiumschange5.Insuranceperformance6.Oneoffcharges1.Dividend