[实用参考]雅思写作之图表题.ppt

应用文写作图表分析图表分析ReportthemainfeatureandmakeanalysisNotice:1.运用总分，比较，归类，排序，联系等逻辑方法进行分析,有选择的利用数据，而不是全部选取。2.注意单词和短语的同义转换----LexicalResource3.切忌过多的主观推测原因或者预测曲线图LineGraphThebasisforbarchart,piechartandtable分析重点：1.单线条的趋势2.高低点，转折点等特殊点3.如果有多条线，需选出一条作为基准进行类比和对比曲线图LineGraphThegraphshowsratesofsmokinginmenandwomenintheUKfrom1960to2000.分析：1.men:平稳下降，降幅稍大2.Women:1975前上升，1975后下降（找转折点分段）3.男女比较：最高点，最低点不同；1975前趋势相反，1975后类似4.时态：一般过去式曲线图LineGraph1.men:平稳下降，降幅稍大ThenumberofBritishmalesmokerswentthroughacontinuousdownwardtendencyfrom600,000in1960toabout250,000in2000.总结：数据做主语，图中动名词可改为发出动作的人，趋势后面加上起止数据曲线图LineGraph2.Women:1975前上升，1975后下降（找转折点分段）Butwomancigaretteaddictswitnessedaslowerdeclineof1/3numberonlyaftertheyear1975,andbeforethattime,therewasagrowingnumberoffemaleswhotookupsmoking.总结：另一条线可用人做主语，利用时间状语从句进行转折点前后的比较曲线图LineGraph3.男女比较：最高点，最低点不同；1975前趋势相反，1975后类似Astimewenton,thestrikingcontrastbetweentheproportionsofmaleandfemalesmokers(6:1inthe1960’s)fadedawaytoaboutthesame,withmenstillslightlymore.总结：可用“随着…”状语开头，以表比较的表达做主语，比较后面用括号写出图表的具体数据，以with结构表面其中的一方，以about等次表达不确定的数据曲线图LineGraphThegraphshowstheunemploymentratesintheUSandJapanbetweenMarch1993andMarch1999.Writeareportforauniversitylecturer.1.美国总趋势下降，需包含最大最小值，期间有轻微反弹，在97后趋于平稳2.日本的总体趋势，96的明显好转，93和98的显著恶化3.98年中期，两国情况类似曲线图LineGraph1.美国总趋势下降，需包含最大最小值，期间有轻微反弹，在97后趋于平稳ThegeneraltrendofUSunemploymentinformationwasdeclining(from7%in1993toabout5%in1999),withfrequentslightreboundsfromtimetotime,plusthecomparativelylevelingupperiodsince1997,averagingat5%moreorless.总结：表趋势词作主语，具体趋势的最大最小值可放其后的括号，with结构和非谓语结构表示总趋势中的特殊点曲线图LineGraph2.日本的总体趋势，96的明显好转，93和98的显著恶化Whereas,theratherdifferentcasewasreportedintheJapanesejobmarket,agradualgrowthofthejoblesspeopleduringthesametimeperioddespitethespringof1996whentherewasasignificantriseofemployment----about1%.Amongallthedata,thebeginningof1993andthelatterhalfof1998werethetwoextremelydifficultperiodsfortheJapanesejobhuntersduetotherocketingnumberofthosewithnojobs.总结：当需要表现2线强烈的反差时可将反差用differentcase表示放在单线描述中，总体趋势中特殊点可为增幅和降幅的描述，在有数据的支持下可进行合理推测（用上因果表达）曲线图LineGraph3.98年中期，两国情况类似Fromthemiddleoftheyear1998,bothAmericaandJapanhadthesimilarunemploymentrate,about5%.总结：用时间介词短语开头曲线图LineGraph总结：Linegraph步骤1.readintroduction---描写对象，时间对象：对Introduction进行改写写出第一段时间：确定时态2.构思以时间顺序描写，多条曲线需要进行比较，给曲线按趋势进行恰当的适当分段，多条曲线可按照它们上升，下降和持平的规律进行分组Relativeexpression句子开头：时间状语句子主语：数据，人物，表趋势，比较的词引出数据：,()with,非谓语，ofwhichRelativeexpression当数据不确定时，需要“模糊”表达大约：about,around,nearly,almost,roughly,approximately多于：above,over,justover,wellover,slightlymorethan少于：below,under,justunder,wellunder,slightlylessthan,withinRelativeexpression最高点：Reachthesummit,peak,thehighestpointPeakat,mountto最低点：Reachbottom,thelowestpoint,bottomout表示不变：keep/stayconstant,remainsteady/stable/unchanged,maintainthesamelevelLeveloff,reachaplateauRelativeexpression表示“上升，增长”表示“下降，减少”动词原形动词过去式名词动词原形动词过去式名词riserosearisefallfellafallgrowgrewagrowthdipdippedadipincreaseincreasedanincreasedropdroppedadropascendascendedanascentdescenddescendedadescent表示上升的其他词：rocket,climb,jump,leap表示下降的其他词：shrink，diminishRelativeexpression表示数据波动(fluctuate)的速度或幅度速度快速度慢幅度大幅度小rapidquicksuddenswiftabruptsteadygentleslowgradualsmoothsharpsubstantialsignificantsteepdramaticdrasticconsiderableenormousincredibleremarkablenoticeablemarkedslightminimalmoderatemodestgradualmarginalRelativeexpressionV.+adv.或者Adj.+N.持续下降：dipgradually,asmoothdecline缓慢上升：increaseslightly,aslowrise急剧下降：fallsharply,asharpdecrease,plunge,slump,plummet急剧上升：goupdramatically,adrasticgrowth,boom,shootup,soar纵比描写（表达趋势）ThenumberofTVviewersinChinaincreaseddramaticallyfrom0.5millionto0.2billionduringthelastdecadeofthe20thcentury.Therewasadramaticincreasefrom0.5millionto0.2billionintheamountofTV-viewersinChinaoveraten-yearperiodofthe20thcentury.Thelastdecadeofthe20thcenturywitnessedadrasticgrowthinthepopulationofTVaudienceinChina.AmarkedupwardtrendtookplaceinthepopulationofTVaudienceinChinainthelasttenyearsof20thcentury.ThegraphshowsthetrendsinconsumptionoffastfoodsinBritain.In1970,theBritishpeopleconsumedslightlymorethan300gramsfishandchips,whichincreasedsmoothlytoreachapeakatlessthan400gramsfiveyearslater.However,itshowedasharpdecreaseinthefollowingtenyearsbeforerisingmarginallyto250gramsin1990.Around40gramsofpizzaaswellas90gramsofhamburgerswereconsumedbyEnglishmenin1970,andtheybothremainedstableforfiveyears,followedbyaconstantgrowthtonearly300and550gramsrespectivelyin1990.Fromthechart,wecouldconcludethatHamburgershavebecomethemostpopularfastfoodsamongthethreesince1985,whileandecreasingnumberofBritishpeoplechooseFishandChips.曲线图LineGraphPractice:ThegraphbelowshowthenumberofenquirestoTouristInformationOfficemadebytelephone,letter/email,andinpersonfromJanuary2001toJune2001.Summariestheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.曲线图LineGraphThelinegraphillustratesthechangesinthenumbersofdifferentmeanstoobtaintouristinformationduringasix-monthperiodfromJanuary2001.曲线图LineGraphAscanbeseenfromthegraph,thr