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一、名词主要分为两类：可数名词和不可数名词。1．不可数名词：单词本身没有复数形式，词前不能接a,an及数词。学过的不可数名词有：watermilkricejuicebread2．可数名词：单数形式前通常加a(an);复数形式通常有下列几种情况：（1）一般情况：名词后直接加s例：bag–bags（2）以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加es例：bus–busesbox–boxesbrush–brusheswatch–watches（3）以o结尾的名词有两种情况：一是直接加s（所学过的词有：zoo–zooshippo–hippospiano–pianosvideo–videos）二是加es(所学过的词有：tomato–tomatoespotato–potatoes)（4）以辅音字母和y结尾的名词，先去掉y再加ies例：family–familiescandy–candies（5）以f或fe结尾的名词，先去掉f或fe再加ves例：knife–knivesscarf–scarvesleaf–leavesshelf–shelves（6）特殊情况：people–peopleChinese–Chinesesheep–sheepman–menwoman–womenpostman–postmenpoliceman–policemenfoot–feettooth–teethgoose–geesechild–childrenmouse–mice二、代词的单复数1．指示代词：this–thesethat–those2．人称代词：主格：I–weyou–youhe–theyshe--theyit—they宾格：me–usyou–youhim–themher–themit–them3．物主代词：名词性：my–ouryour—yourhis–theirher–theirits–their形容词性：mine—oursyours–yourshis–theirshers–theirsits–theirs三、动词be(am,is,are)的使用我（I）用am，你(you)用are,is用在他(he)她(she)它(it),单数用is,复数要用are。四、名词的所有格形式1．一般情况下名词后加’s(表示“的”)例：Tom(汤姆)–Tom’s(汤姆的)2．结尾有s的复数名词只加’例：teachers(老师们)–teachers’(老师们的)