化学专业英语试卷

试卷共2页第1页2009—2010学年第一学期化学与材料学院（系）07级应用化学专业《专业英语》期末试卷题号一二三四每题总分40分30分20分10分得分改卷教师1.WritethestructuralformulaorChinesenameforeachofthefollowing(2%foreachanswer):（1）bariumion:（2）chlorateion:（3）potassiumion:（4）carbonicacid:（5）ammoniumion:（6）pyrrole:（吡咯）（7）polystyrene:(聚苯乙烯)（8）p-hydroxybenzoicacid:(对羟基苯甲酸)（9）benzonitrile(苄腈)（10）criticalpressure:（临界压力）（11）methanal:（甲醛）（12）buffersolution:（缓冲溶液）（13）alkaliburette:（碱式滴定管）（14）extract：(萃取)（15）tetrasulfurdinitride:（S4N2）（16）aldose:（醛醣）（17）sodiumdihydrogenphosphate(磷酸二氢钠)（18）zincoxide:（19）6-ethyl-4-methyldecane:（20）quantitativeanalysis:（定量分析）2.WritetheEnglishnameforeachofthefollowing(2%foreachanswer):（1）IBr:（2）天平（balance）（3）阴离子(anion)（4）H2SO3（5）滴液漏斗:（droppingfunnel）（6）CuNO3:（7）AgF:（8）滴定（n.）:(titrate)（9）Ca(MnO4)2:（10）辛醇:（11）十三烷：（12）(CH3CH2)2Hg:(diethylmercury)（13）CH3CHCHCH2CH3:（14）CH3CH2CHCOOHCH3:（15）CHOHONH2：（2-amino-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde）3.TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese:(1)Pickthesizeofyourseparatory(sep.)funnel.Youwillusuallyuse125or250-mL,largescalereactions(1–10g)canrequire500-mLor1-Lsizes.Rememberthatyoursep.funnelwillcontainthesolventandwashliquidwhichmustbethoroughlymixed.(5%fortheanswer)参考答案：挑选出你要的分液漏斗的大小。你通常会使用125毫升或者250毫升的分液漏斗，对于大规模的反应（1-10克）你需要使用500毫升或1L的分液漏斗。记住你的分液漏斗将含有溶剂和洗涤液，必需予以彻底的混合。院（系）班级姓名学号………………………………………………装……………………订……………………线……………………………………试卷共2页第2页(2)Dilutethecrudereactionmixturewithyoursolventofchoiceandtransfertoyourchosensep.funnel.Largeamountsofmaterialrequirelargeamountsofsolvent.Normalreactions(50-500mgofproduct)canbedilutedwithbetween25–100mLofsolvent.(5%fortheanswer)参考答案：用你所选用的溶剂稀释反应粗产物的混合物，并且转移到你选择的分液漏斗中。大量的材料需要大量的溶剂。正常的反应（50-500毫克的产品）能用25-100毫升溶剂稀释。(3)Drytheorganiclayer.Afterremovingyoursolutionfromtheaqueousphase,adryingagentisaddedtoremovealltracesofwater.ThisisusuallyMgSO4,moreeffectiveandfaster,butslightlyacidic;orNa2SO4,lesseffectiveandslower,butneutral.Thesecompoundsbindtoanywaterremainingintheorganicsolution,formingclumpswhentheyreact.Adecentamountofdryingagentshouldbeadded,butaslongassomesolidisnotclumped,nomoreneedstobeadded.(6%fortheanswer)参考答案：干燥的有机层：从水相中取出溶液后，干燥剂的加入是为了除去遗留下来的水份。通常使用硫酸镁作干燥剂，因为它非常有效而且吸水很快，但是略带酸性，或者也可以用硫酸钠，只是效益比较和速度比较慢，但是中性的。这些化合物会和有机溶液中的水相结合，当它们发生反应时就会形成团块。应该有足够量的干燥剂被加入，但是只要一些固体不会形成团块，就不需要再加入更多的干燥剂。(4)Distillationisanextremelyusefultechniquethatisusedtopurifyreagentsandseparatecrudeproductmixtures.Therearetwovarietiesofdistillationatmosphericpressureandreducedpressure.(4%fortheanswer)(5)参考答案：蒸馏是一个非常有用的技术，用于分离纯化试剂和粗产品的混合物。一般有两种蒸馏方法：常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏4.ReadtheAbstractfromReactive&FunctionalPolymers66(2006)1278–1283andthenanswerthequestions:（中文回答）Tuthor:QinghuaZhang,ShouxinWen,ZiqiangLeiet.al.Title:HeterogeneousBaeyer-Villigeroxidationofketonesusinghydrogenperoxideasoxidantcatalyzedbyaminomethylpolystyreneresin-supportedtincomplex.Abstract:Anaminomethylpolystyreneresinsupportedtincomplex(PS-Sn)catalystwaspreparedbyasimpleprocedureandfoundtobeanactiveandselectivecatalystfortheBaeyer-Villiger(BV)oxidationofcyclicandacyclicketonesincluding2-adamantanone,2-methylcyclohexanone,cyclohexanone,4-tert-butylcyclohexanone,4-methylcyclohexanone,3-methyl-2-pentanone,4-methyl-2-pentanone,andcyclopentanoneusing30%hydrogenperoxideasoxidant.Thispolymer-supportedtincomplexactsasanefficientandstableheterogeneouscatalystfortheBaeyer-Villigeroxidationofketonesby30%hydrogenperoxide.Thecatalystcanbepreparedinlargescaleinasimplemannerandcanberecycled.(1)WhatoxidantwasusedintheBVoxidation?(3%fortheanswer)(2)Whatdothewords“acyclic”and“heterogeneous”mean?(3%fortheanswer)(3)Whataretheadvantagesofthecatalyst?(4%fortheanswer)Heterogeneous非均相的acyclic无环的catalyst催化剂以上的参考答案由吴明江提供，仅供参考。