代词分类与归纳

代词分类与归纳代词可以分为下列九类1人称代词2物主代词3反身代词4.相互代词5.指示代词6.疑问代词7.不定代词一人称代词英语中主要有以下这些人称代词：数格人称单数复数一二三一二三主格Iyouhe,she,itweyouthey宾格meyouhim,her,itusyouthem人称代词做主语时用主格，做宾语时用宾格。在作表语时，用宾格较多，例如：Whoisknockingatthedoor?---It’sme.在使用人称代词时有下面几点值得注意：1）she可以用来代表国家，船只，大地，月亮等。e.g.IthinkEnglandwilldowhatshepromisedtodo.2)在并列的主语中，I总放在最后。e.g.MaryandIwillbeinchargeofthecase.3)第三人称，男女两性并用时，男先女后。Heandshestilldon’tagreetotheplan.二物主代词英语中主要有下列这些物主代词：类型词义我的你的他（她，它）的我们的你们的他们的形容词性物主代词myyourHis,her,itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyoursHis,hers,itsoursyourstheirs1.形容词性的物主代词只能作定语，如mybrother;herdog;yourfriends2.名词性的物主代词可以作：1）表语Whosedictionaryisthis?----it’smine.2)主语Oursisabigfamily.3)宾语Let’scleantheirroomfirstandourslater.三反身代词单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfItself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves1．这些词可用作：1）作宾语Ican’texpressmyselfinEnglish.我不能用英语来表达我自己。2)作表语Iamnotquitemyselfthesedays.我近来身体不大舒服。3）作主语或宾语的同位语Thetheoryitselfisallright.这理论本身是对的。2．反身代词常和某些动词或介词连用enjoyoneself玩的开心helpyourselftosth.请随意吃点…byoneself一个人做（不要别人帮助）foroneself替自己，自己四相互代词Oneanother与eachother表示相互关系，称为相互代词，两者的用法是差不多的。Weareeagertolearnfromeachother（oneanother）.我们都急欲向彼此学习。五指示代词有this(这),that(那),these(这些),those（那些）.注意：1．前面刚提到的东西，英语中常用that(或those)表示，而汉语中却常用“这”表示。e.g.Wehavenotimetodoit.That’sourtrouble.我们没有时间做这事。这就是我们的问题。2.指下面要谈到的事物时，常用this,例如Iwanttoknowthis:hasJohnbeenhere?六疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what,which都是来构成特殊问句的。Who通常做主语和表语，whom做宾语。七不定代词英语中有下面这些不定代词：all,each,every,both,either,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no.以及一些复合不定代词，如：anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everything,nobody,nothing.1none,noone,nothing的用法区别none即可指人，也可指物，且一定是特指，常用来回答howmany/much引导的疑问句；noone只能指人，而且只能是泛指概念，常来回答who引导的疑问句；nothing侧重于物，常用来回答what引导的疑问句。----Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?-----None.――Whoisintheroom?-----Noone./nobody.2each和every的区别（1）each强调个体，every强调“全体”。(2)every还可以表示“每隔......的；每......中的”Everyyearortwo每一两年everyotherday每隔一天everyfouryears每四年3another,other,theother,others,theothers的用法(1)another经常指三者或三者以上中的另一个，意思是“另外一个”，“又一个”表示泛指。Idon’tlikethiscoat.Showmeanother,please.(2)other表示“另外的”，只作定语。如:otherstudengts(3)others泛指别的人或物，是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部，全部是“theothers”）e.g.Some…Others(4)theother,两者中的另一个.4both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法都任何都不两者botheitherneither三者及以上allanynone八it的用法1.指代前面所提到过的人、物或事情，也可以指未提到过的但是谈话双方都明白的事情、情况。—Whereisyourbackpack?—It’sonthechair.2.指代时间、天气、距离、环境等。ItisoveroneyearsinceIcametothisschool.（时间）ItiswarminwinterinKunming.（天气）Itisabout2kilometersawayfromhere.（距离）Itisveryquiethere.（环境）3.指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或物。Who’sthebabyinthepicture?Isityourbrother?—No,it’sme.4.it做形式主语1）Itis+形容词（描述事件的形容词）+（forsb.)todosth.Itis+形容词（描述人的形容词）+(ofsb.)todosth.ItisimportantforyoutolearnEnglishwell.对你来说学好英语是很重要的.Itwasfoolishofhimtogiveupthejob.他放弃那工作是愚蠢的。2）Itistime(forsb.)todosth.是某人做某事的时候了Itistimefouyoutogotobed.你该上床睡觉了Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多少时间Ittookmetwohourtodomyhomework做我的作业花了我两个小时的时间.Itisone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做…..It’smyturntocleantheclassroom.是轮到我打扫教室的了。5it作形式宾语it作形式宾语时，可以代替三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句。Ifinditpleasanttoworkwithhim.我觉得和他一起工作很愉快.巩固练习:()1.Tom,Pleasepass________theglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspapers.A.youB.meC.himD.her()2.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Thereare______newwordsinit.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few()3.---Youwant________sandwich?---Yes,IusuallyeatalotwhenI’mhungry.A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother()4.ThedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttofightSARS.Theythinkmoreofothersthan_______.A.theyB.themC.themselvesD.theirs()5.---Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeorabottleofmilk?---______________,thanks.I’dlikeacupoftea.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None()6.---Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.---Nevermind.Youcanhave________.A.usB.oursC.youD.yours()7.---CanIcomethiseveningortomorrowmorning?---_______isOK.I’mfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None()8.---Howareyougoingtoimprove_______thisterm?---Workharderthanlastterm.A.ourselvesB.myselfC.himselfD.yourself()9.---Couldyoutellme_______sheislookingfor?---Hercousin,Susan.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which()10.Paulhas_______friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.manyB.someC.fewD.more()11.---Doyoulivebyyourself,MrWang?---Yes.Ihavetwosons.But______ofthemliveswithme.TheyarenowstudyinginAmerica.A.neitherB.bothC.noneD.either()12.Thesesweatersaretoosmallforme.Pleaseshowme____one.A．otherB．othersC．theothersD．another()13.Whotaught_______Englishlastterm?Was_____Mr.Smith?A.you;itB.you;heC.your;itD.your;that()14.Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof_______.A.usB.ourC.oursD.ourselves()15.Youforgotyourdictionary?Youmayuse_______.A.meB.myC.mineD.myself()16．“Whichofthetwodictionariesdoyoulikebetter?”“Ilike____,becausethey'renotuseful.”A．bothB．eitherC．allD．neither()17.Heswimsfasterthan______boyinhisclass.A.anyB.theotherC.alltheotherD.anyother()18.Weneed______colorchalk.Wouldyouliketolend______tome?A.some…someB.some…anyC.any…anyD.any…some()19.Ifyoudon’twant______ofthosetwotrains,thereis______oneat10:30.A.any…anotherB.either…anotherC.both…theotherD.either…other(20_______ofthemarefamousdoctors,but______ofthemhasbeentoBritain.A.Both…bothB.Nei