高考之宾语从句(一)

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高中宾语从句TheObjectClause(一)宾语从句1.宾语从句定义2.宾语从句的考点Q:五大基本句型?宾语?宾语从句?五大基本句型1.主+谓Sheruns.2.主+谓+宾语Therabbitatecarrots.3.主+谓+间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)IgiveJimabook.4.主+谓+宾语+宾补WefoundHanxiaobeautiful.5.主+系+表Youareastudent.我告诉他了一个笑话.(joke)Itoldhimajoke.1.Iknowher.2.Iknowwhatshelikes.主语谓语宾语(简单句)主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语主句(复合句)在复合句中,用来充当宾语的句子就叫宾语从句宾语表示动作,行为的对象,即:动作的承受者。由名词,代词或相当于名词的词语或从句充当。知识链接:句子成分分析宾语从句的概念:宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构:主句+连词(引导词)+宾语从句注意:宾语从句三要素1.引导词(连词)2.语序(陈述语序)3.时态:主过从过,主将现从乱一、连词(引导词)1.当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句),连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略①Ithink(that)Hanxiaoisclever.↑(Hanxiaoisclever.)※②Theproblemsare(that)shedoesn'tlikevegetables.↑(shedoesn’tlikevegetables).在主句为动词be加某些形容词(如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等)作表语时,后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句①I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.↑(Idon’tknow.)②We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.↑(Ourteamwillwin.)Practise1.我丢了10美元.(lose-lost-lost)2.我发现我丢了10美元.3.你是一个诚实的人。4.我相信你是一个诚实的人。Practise1.我丢了10美元.(lose-lost-lost)2.我发现我丢了10美元.Ilosttendollars.IfoundthatIlost10dollars3.你是一个诚实的人。4.我相信你是一个诚实的人。Youareanhonestman.Ibelievethatyouareanhonestman.2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导,它们在从句中不做任何成分,但因为if/whether翻译成:“是否”,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略.①IsJiaGuoqingondiet?Wedon’tknowif/whetherJiaGuoqingisondiet.Wedon’tknowif/whetherisJiaGuoqingondiet.②Willhecometomorrow?Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.Idon’tknowif/whetherwillhecometomorrow.③DoesheknowFrench?Wewanttoknowif/whetherheknowsFrench.Wewanttoknowif/whetherdoesheknowFrench.Practise1,他明天会来吗?2,我不知道他明天是否会来。3,你介意我抽烟吗?4,我想知道你是否介意我抽烟。Practise1,他明天会来吗?2,我不知道他明天是否会来。3,你介意我抽烟吗?4,我想知道你是否介意我抽烟。Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.Would/Doyoumindmesmoking?Iwonderifyouwouldmindmesmoking.Iwonderifyoumindmesmoking.Willhecometomorrow?3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由连接代词或者连接副词引导。因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意义,所以不可以省略.★连接代词(what,who,whom,which,whose),whatever,whoever,whichever.在从句中常做主语.宾语.表语.定语★连接副词(when,where,how,why)whenever,however,however,在从句中做状语,例1,WhendidJiangZhiyuancry?Idon’trememberwhenJiangZhiyuanCried.(时间状语)Idon’trememberwhendidJiangZhiyuancried.例2:Whydoyoulikepandas?★Couldyoutellmewhyyoulikepandas?(原因状语)Couldyoutellmewhydoyoulikepanadas?例3.Whoishe?Canyoutellmewhoheis?(表语)(变逻辑语序就是:heiswho.)×Canyoutellmewhoishe?例4.Whatdoeshelike?Idon’tknowwhathelikes.(宾语)(变为逻辑语序是:helikeswhat.)Idon’tknowwhatdoeshelike.1,这个女孩是谁?2,请告诉我这个女孩是谁.3,曹阳阳丢了什么?(lose-lost-lost)4,你知道曹阳阳丢了什么吗?5,你为什么喜欢生菜?6,你能告诉我你为什么喜欢生菜吗??1,这个女孩是谁?2,请告诉我这个女孩是谁.3,曹阳阳丢了什么?(lose-lost-lost)4,你知道曹阳阳丢了什么吗?5,你为什么喜欢生菜?6,你能告诉我你为什么喜欢生菜吗??Pleasetellmewhothegirlis.Canyoutellmewhyyoulikelettuce?DoyouknowwhatCaoYangyanglost?Whoisthegirl?WhatdidCaoYangyanglose?Whydoyoulikelettuce?带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?Idon’tknowhowfaritistothecinema.Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready.CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?二、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序:连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分三、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态(包括一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),从句的时态可根据实际情况而定,(包括一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等)一句话:主将现从乱Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.2.如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)一句话:主过从过Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.3.当从句是客观真理,定义,公理,定理时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?2.Mr.SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.JimtoldLinTao.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?2.Mr.SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.JimtoldLinTao.Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)MrSmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.3.WhatshouldIdofirst?Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterday’sclass.3.WhatshouldIdofirst?Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterday’sclass.PleasetellmewhatIshoulddofirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterday’sclass.

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