14.完形微技能―词语同现

词语同现是指在意义上相关联的词汇有可能共同出现在同一语篇中，构成以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为语义场。如：若是一篇以学校生活为话题的文章，像teacher,student,classmate,monitor,book,classroom,dormitory,canteen,lab,desk,teachingbuilding等意义与schoollife相关联的词语就有可能同时出现在这篇文章中。完形微技能——词语同现除了这种“语义相关联”词语可能同时出现外，还有“反义关联”的词也有可能同时出现在一个语篇中。如一篇以学习方法为主题的文章，作者谈到“男生”应如何学习，接下来就有可能谈到“女生”应如何学习。又如在谈到某人几点“离开”了教室，就有可能会谈到他什么时候“回到”教室。此外，还有“修饰相关联”的或“搭配相关联”的词也有可能同时出现，如population可能与large或small同现，但一般不会与many,few同现。词语同现是解答完形填空的重要策略。在解答完形填空的时候，要注意在上下文中寻找这些相关联的词，并理清好它们之间的关系，才能快速锁定答案。请利用词语同现策略解答以下题目：•1.ThoughIhadalotofworkingexperienceandaMaster’sdegree,Icouldnotfind______work.A.hardB.satisfyingC.interestingD.legal解析：因与“丰富的工作经验”“硕士学位”同现的应是“令人满意的(satisfying)工作”，故选B。还要注意though一词，前后是让步关系，转折意义。•2.“Whyhasmylifebecomesohard?”Ithought________.A.hopefullyB.suddenlyC.painfullyD.carelessly解析：由上下文可知，与hard同现的应是painfully，故选C。•3.Amanwastryingtotakeaphotoofacrow（乌鸦）thathadanestinatower,butthecrowalwaysleftwhenshesawhiscoming.Thebirddidnot________untilthemanleftthetower.A.relaxB.recoverC.reactD.return解析：return与left相对，“离开”“返回”这两者属于词语同现，故选D。请同学们运用上述所学到的解题方法来完成以下的练习。•1.Atthemeeting,everyoneis_______ideasinaheateddiscussion.A.thinkingB.bringingC.exchangingD.talking解析：C在会议上应是“交换”意见，其余三个动词与idea搭配不当，不合语境。即学即用•2.Thepresidentofourschooldeliveredaninspiring_______attheopeningceremonyofthenewterm.A.presentB.speechC.partyD.celebration解析：B与“发表(deliver)”搭配的应是“演讲(speech)”，才与“新学期的开幕式”的语境相符。•3.Iaskedherwhattimeitwas,butshedidn’t___.A.respondB.sayC.faceD.share解析：A与asked同现的应是respond。•4.JacksonwaselectedPrimeMinisterandcameto___________.A.actionB.lifeC.powerD.effect解析：C与waselected(被选为)同现的应是“开始执政”。•5.Withoutanumbrella,wewereallcaughtintheheavy___________.A.waterB.riverC.windD.rain解析：D与umbrella同现的应是“雨”。•6.Ourmeetingswerenot__________:ourconversationwasfilledwithargumentsandquarrels.A.normalB.necessaryC.pleasantD.possible解析：C与argumentsandquarrels同现的应是“不愉快(notpleasant)”。•7.WhenmyteachersuggestedItryoutforthebasketballteam,atfirstIthoughtitwasacrazy_________.A.ideaB.planC.beliefD.saying解析：A与suggested同现的应是“观点(idea)”。•8.Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks_______thanwords.A.straighterB.louderC.higherD.harder解析：B能修饰speak的应是louder或straighter，又因“说直话”与某种语言无关，故只有louder正确。•9.Ifyoudriveyourcaratfull__________,you’llrisklosingyourlife.A.timeB.speedC.lengthD.price解析：B与drive和risklosingyourlife同现的应是“全速(atfullspeed)”行驶。•10.The__________visitedalargenumberofscenicspotsandhadabetterunderstandingofthelocalculture.A.passengersB.customersC.touristsD.servants解析：C与scenicspots(旅游景点)同义的应是“旅客”。•11.Eachstudentexpectstogetfull______inexams.A.marksB.exercisesC.crossesD.subjects解析：A与“考试(exams)”同现的应是“分数(marks)”。•12.Myunclehasverylittleschooling.However,hehasastrongdesirefor________andiseagertolearnmore.A.informationB.chancesC.adviceD.knowledge解析：D与schooling和learnmore同现的应是“知识(knowledge)”。•13.Ithoughthardandfinallycameupwitha_________totheproblem.A.solutionB.entranceC.pathD.road解析：A与problem同现的应是“解决方法(solution)”。•14.Inthe___________,whiletheteacheriswritingontheblackboard,allthestudentsarelisteningtohimandtakingnoteswithgreatattention.A.cinemaB.parkC.classroomD.playground解析：C与teacher,student,blackboard等同现的应是classroom。•15.Whenyougotraveling,you’dbettertakesome__________withyouincaseyoucatchacoldduringthetrip.A.booksB.medicineC.waterD.coats解析：B与catchacold同现的应是medicine。•16.“Agreatmanytimes,Marina,”respondedheraunt.“IrememberwhenIwassmallIwasalso__________afraidofthedark,butIlaterovercameitgradually.”A.nearlyB.hardlyC.terriblyD.obviously解析：C与afraid同现又合符语境的，只有terribly，修饰同现。nearly(几乎),obviously(显然)，一般不修饰afraid(害怕)，而hardly(几乎不)与语境意义不符。•17.Thenextmorning,Marinacamerunningintothekitchenhappily,witha_________smileonherface.A.sadB.frightenedC.bitterD.big解析：D与happily同现的应是bigsmile。•18.Ignorethosesmalleventsthatcanaffectyourwholeday___________andhaveaharmfuleffectonyourstudies.A.negativelyB.wonderfullyC.sweetlyD.bravely解析：A与ignore和harmful同现的应是“负面地(negatively)”。•19.IplayedaracquetballgameagainstmycousinEdlastweek.Itwasoneofthemost_________andtiringgamesI’veeverhad…A.encouragingB.hopelessC.surprisingD.regular解析：Ｂ与tiring同现的应是hopeless。名师小课堂