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Topic1Topic2Topic3TaskThree:Readtheconversationagainandfindoutthethreetopicsthatthearchaeologisttalkedabout.LifeinthecaveWhatcanwelearnfromaneedleWhatcanwelearnfromanecklaceLearningtips:Payattentiontothepictures.Languagepoints1.alternativeadj.两者(或若干)中择一的;非此即彼的；替代的;供选择的e.g.Thewaywasblocked,sowehadtogobyalternativeroad.这条路阻塞,我们只能走其他路。alternativen.1.选择;二择一[+of]Ifyoudon'tliketheschoollunch,youhavethealternativeofbringingyourown.要是你不喜欢学校准备的午餐,你可以自己带饭。2.供选择的东西(或办法等)；替换物；[C]有几种方案可以代替我们的计划。Therearesomealternativestoourplan3.选择的自由(或余地)[U]Theyhadnoalternativeinthematter.Youhavethealternativeoffightingorbeingtakenprisoner.你可以选择战斗或是被俘。Thereappearstobenoalternativetotheincreaseofprice.除了提高物价没有别的选择。Anotheralternativeistowearearplugs.另一个选择是戴上耳塞。Howaboutnaturalgas?Isthatanalternative?天然气怎么样？这是不是也算一种可供选择的东西？havenoalternativebuttodosth.除了做某事别无选择=havenothingtodobutdo…=havenochoicebuttodosth.cannotbutdosth.canbutdosth.cannothelpbutdosth.不得不…2.Youmustbeawarethatit'sherethatwe'vefoundevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.想必你们知道,正是在这儿我们找到了居住在世界这个部分最早人类的证据。1)Youmustbeawarethat…主句后接由强调句和定语从句组成的宾语从句。must是作为情态动词表示肯定推测,译作“一定,肯定”,只用于肯定推测。对现在或将来事实推测,用“mustdo”。Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk．走了很长的路,你一定很饿。对正发生或进行的事进行推测,用“mustbedoing”。Thelightison.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow.灯亮着,他一定正在做作业。对过去的事进行推测,用“musthavedone”。Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地是湿的,昨晚一定下雨了。此时,应注意反意疑问句的构成。如果句中有表示过去的时间状语,反意疑问句用“didn’t+主语”;如果句中无表示过去的时间状语,反义疑问句用“haven’t/hasn’t+主语”。Hemusthavearrivedherelastnight,_________?他一定昨晚就来这儿了,不是吗?Hemusthavearrivedhere,__________?他一定来这儿了,不是吗?hasn’thedidn’the3)it’sherethatwe’ve…是强调句,其基本句式是Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分,此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语ItwasyourmotherwhomImetinthestreet．我在街上碰到的是你的母亲。ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourmother.我是在街上碰到你母亲的。Itwasshewhohadbeenwrong.错的是她。3.I’msorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?很抱歉打扰你,我想问问他们是怎么在这里生活的？1)句型“I’msorry...but...”是口语中委婉的表达,“but”表示语义上的转折。---Areyoufreethisweekend?---I’msorry,butlhavelotsofworktodo．---周末有空吗?---对不起,我有大量的事要做。2)interruptvt.&vi.打扰,打断,阻碍。常有“使……停止(中断)”的意思别打扰他,他还没完成呢。__________________,forhehasn’tfinishedyet.他的学习由于战争而中断。Hisstudies___________________________.Hisspeechwasconstantlyinterruptedbyapplause.打岔;插嘴Itisrudetointerrupt.“Don’tinterrupt,”hesaid.Don’tinterrupthimwereinterruptedbythewardisturbv.扰乱,搅乱；妨碍；使不安；使紊乱。常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生。Baddreamsdisturbedhersleep.Don’tdisturbthepapersonmydesk.Hethrewastoneintothewateranddisturbedthesmoothsurfaceofthelake.Shewasdisturbedtohearofhermother’sillness.4.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves,regardlessofthecold．1)regardlessofprep.①不管;不顾;Heclimbedthebuilding,regardlessofthedanger．Regardlessofthecolorofhisskin,everymanhastherighttolivewherehewantsto.②inspiteofWewillpersevereregardlessofpastfailures.regardlessof一般是主观上故意去忽视，有时往往是好的条件，因素，或他人的建议，很可能导致不好的结果despite一般用于客观上无法避免的事实，往往是不利的条件，因素，需要主语去正确面对和处理，并不是避而远之Iplaysoccereveryday,regardlessofweather.(天气可能是好天气或不好的天气)Iamgoingtoplaysoccerthisafternoon,despitethebadweather.Hesayswhathethinks,regardlessofotherpeople’sfeeling.regardlessadv.无论如何；总之Thereweredifficultiesbuthedecidedtocarryonregardless.2)assumevt.①假定;设想科学家们设想月球上没有动物。______________________thattherearenoanimalsonthemoon.②假装,装作她装出一副吃惊的样子。She__________________________.③担任,承当我来承担责任。I_________________________.Thescientistsassumeassumedalookofsurpriseassumedtheresponsibilityassume+n.assume+n.+tobe+n./adj.,assume+that从句。扩展:assumptionn.makeanassumptionontheassumptionthat假定…assuming放在句首,表一种猜测。e.g.Assumingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?假如明天下雨,我们该做什么呢？providing;provided;suppose;supposing;assuming(that);giventhat5.Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick,whichsuggeststhattheymighthavekeptthefireburningallwinter.我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰,几乎有六米厚,这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。1)havebeenexcavating现在完成进行时,意思是一直在挖,表示过去发生的动作一直不间断地进行到现在,强调动作的继续。Thehandwritingofthelettersuggeststhatthelettermightbefromalady．从书信的字体上看,写信人是一位女性。6.sharpenvt.(使)变锋利,尖锐;（使）变强/激烈Theknifeneedssharpening.Thetoneofhislettershassharpenedrecently.sharpadj.锋利的,尖锐的;突然的,急剧的;敏锐的，聪明的Dogshavesharpears.asharpturn急转弯asharpincrease急剧增加7.Yesandsowellpreserved．……还保存得如此完好。这是省略的句子,完整句应是:…anditissowellpreserved(it指necklace)preservevt.保存;贮藏；保护（动植物）;保持;维持（某种状态）e.g.Youcanpreservemeatorfishinsalt.你可以用盐来保存肉或鱼。Itisoneofthedutiesofthepoliceto~publicorder.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。preserven.动植物的保护区preservationn.保存;贮藏；保护;维持（of…)thepreservationoffood/one’shealthtryatentativeguessshowsbaroundbeawarethatregardlessofscaresth/sbawaykeep…doingcutupcareaboutonone’sjourney(tosp)尝试,猜测领…到处看意识到…不管,不顾把…吓走使…一直…切碎关心,在意在途中Phraseskeepup继续,保持,遵守keepon继续keepoff不接近;不接触keepback隐瞒…;不告诉keepoutsth使…不进入;留在外边D24.Youshouldn’t______fromhisachievements,forwithouthishelp,youcouldn’thavefinishedthisexperiment.A.takeoffB.takedownC.takeoutD.takeawayC26.Thereweredifficultiesbuthedecidedtocarryon_________.A.regardlessofB.inspiteofC.regardlessD.inspiteB29.Thelittleboyhashad_______ofhavingpianoclassesonweekends.A.ampleB.enoughC.tiredD.moreA31.Inordertohelpwildlifetosurvive,nohuntingisallowed________.A.inthepreserveB.inthewildsC.inpreserveD.inwil