完型填空---高考复习公开课8

高考英语专题复习------完形填空（ClozeTest）Step1.知己知彼，了解考纲！历年完形填空所采用的文章体裁：记叙文夹叙夹议说明文完形填空的命题特点：1.短文在240-280词之间，设个空，设空平均间隔15个词左右。词汇考察以为主，(prep.)为辅。2.行文具有很强的逻辑性。考查学生对篇章语境的理解和上下文逻辑的推理为主。语法题逐渐淡化。3.首句不设空，目的是为了让读者快速进入语境。从首句中往往可以获得文章主要谈论的话题、时间（when）、地点（where）、人物（who）以及文章的感情基调。20实词虚词完形常考题型：语法题语境题固定搭配题词义辨析题文化背景常识题把握一个原则：每一个空的选择一定要做到有理有据！反思：我通常做完形的步骤？1.浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络;2.分步落实,逐个填空;3.通读全文,检查核对.把握篇章结构，注意前后呼应。回顾：在我做完形填空过程中需要注意些什么？有什么技巧吗？Step2.牛刀小试！一、。例1.Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas36andwhenIwas14.Hesaid,“You’renevergoingtobe37butafailure.”36.A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopeful例2.（11，浙江）AlthoughIlovemylife,ithasn’tbeenalotoffunasI’vebeenillfor28years.Musichasalwaysbeenagreatloveofmineand,inmy20s,whenmy36wasmoremanageable,I37tenyearsasaprofessionalsingerinresturants,playingandsigningfolksongs.36.A.lonelinessB.sadnessC.tirednessD.sickness37.A.setB.enjoyedC.keptD.shared首句往往阐明文章的话题、主旨、事件，或奠定文章的感情基调。利用好首句来解题，根据全文来选择二、。例1.(13,全国Ⅰ)AswellasIsatdown,my41madethechairbegintoroll.Itswheelswerenot42.ThenIwonderedwheretoputmy43.Ittookmequiteawhiletogetthemetalfootrestintoplace.41.A.heightB.forceC.skillD.weight42.A.lockedB.repairedC.poweredD.grasped43.A.handsB.feetC.keysD.handles解析：41.D作者一坐上去就“madethechairbegintoroll”,结合上下文及常识可知是作者的体重使得轮椅向前滚动。42.A作者一坐上去轮椅就像前滚起来，可推出很可能是因为轮椅的轮子没有被锁住。43.B根据下文“ittookmequiteawhiletogetthemetalfootrestinto…”可知，此处作者不知把脚放在哪里。根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题例3.(12,全国Ⅱ)Idecidedthenandtheretomakea14offiftythingsIwashappywith.Later,Idecidedto15morethingstothelist.14.A.listB.bookC.checkD.copy15.A.connectB.turnC.keepD.add注意上下文的逻辑、词义复现。使得前后逻辑一致，行文紧密。常见的标志性的词语有以下几种：结构层次:firstly,secondly,thirdly；逻辑关系：thus,therefore,so；递进关系：besides,what’smore,further;转折关系：but,while,however,ontheotherhand等。例1.Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery＿＿.A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerous三、利用语篇标志解题解析：转折必有暗示，根据but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案为A。例2.AsIstartedtoleave,Itriedtothinkofsomethingtosaytogivehim6andconfidenceashestartedthisnewstageoflife.6.A.interestB.instructionC.courageD.direction例3.(12,安徽)11,insteadofmovingon,hestoppedtoaskifIwas12.11.A.EspeciallyB.SurprisinglyC.ProbablyD.Normally例4.Itwasnothing.Andyet,itwas20.20.A.noneB.somethingC.anythingD.everything关注“and”,“or”,“yet”,“but”等连接的平行结构，结构相同，意思相近或相反。四、语法题例2（辽宁）42isknowntousall,thereisnot43(enough)waterinallplacesforevery-onetouseasmuchashelikes.42.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.As例1:(13,辽宁)Alittlegirllivedinasimpleandpoorhouseonahill.Usuallyshe36playinthesmallgarden.36.A.mightB.shouldC.wouldD.must五、词义辨析题例2：SoonIhearda＿＿＿＿＿likethatofadoorburstinandthenaclimboffeet.A.soundB.cryC.voiceD.shout例3：Andvideocamerascanbeusedto＿＿＿＿＿people’sactionsathome.A.keepB.makeC.recordD.watch例1：Althoughshewasabeautifulwoman,therewasaseverescar(疤痕)that__5__nearlytheentirerightsideofherface.5.A.includedB.passedC.coveredD.shaded掌握选项意思，揣摩语境，联系全文，找到依据综合选择！六、固定搭配题例1:(11,湖北)In1993,duringthecivilwarinherhomecountry,abomb37herleftleg.37.A.tookawayB.tookoverC.cutdownD.cutout例2:(11,课标全国)Youhavejust41animportantlessonaboutscience.Thatis:Nevertrustyoursenses.41.A.learnedB.preparedC.taughtD.taken例3:(11,湖北)Torelax,Majawouldoftenwatchthedolphinsplayatanaquarium(水族馆)nearherhome.Ayoungdolphin,Winter,whohadlostitstail,caughther44.44.A.eyeB.legC.noiseD.hand功在平时，注意基础知识积累；揣摩语境，选最贴切的！七、利用文化背景和生活常识解题例1:(10,课标全国Ⅰ)Thenursehadhimtakea36inthewaitingarea,37himitwouldbeatleast40minutes38someonewouldbeabletoseehim.36.A.breathB.testC.seatD.break37.A.persuadingB.promisingC.understandingD.telling例2:(13,辽宁)Attheagewhenshegainedsome40skillandsensibility(识别力),she41hermotherforabikeride42thegarden.40.A.differentB.scientificC.musicalD.basic41.A.beggedB.blamedC.invitedD.paid小结：做完型填空注意哪些？1.注意文章的整体性。2.上下关联找出语境，关注句子结构。3.巧辨词语和句型，活用同义与常识。4.注意行文逻辑。要加强对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系、对比关系等，以及对转换词语的运用能力的培养。Step3.实战演练Theyoungwomanenteredthepoolwhereaninjureddolphin(海豚)wasswimming.Despiteherfear,shefeltstrongwearinghernewleg.Inhersecondgrade.Maja31hercousinJasmina.AfterJasmina’sdeath.Majasworeshewouldhonorthelittlegirlby32withadolphin,ananimalthatbothgirls33.”Jasminanevergotthechancetodoit.”saysMaja.now32,”soI34thatsomedayI’ddoitforher.”Inhighschool,Majawas35aboutsports.sheevenplannedtobecomeanathlete.36,in1993.duringtheeivilwarinherhomecountry,abomb37herleftleg.Aftertowyears’38intheU.S.,Majareceivedherfirstartifierd(人造的)leg.But39itdidn’tfitwell,walkingforMajawaspainfei40shemanagedtograduartfromalocahighschool.Thenafterreceivinga41fromSaintFrancisUniversity,shegotajobataninsurancefirmand42startedherowncampany.Torelax,Maja43oftenwatchthedolphinsplayatanaquarium(水族馆)nearherhome.Ayoungdolphin.Winter,whohadlostitstail,caughther44.Oneday,Majahappenedtoseetrainers45.Winterwithahigh-teehtail.Whentheyweredone.Winterswamfreelyinthewater.Majawas46.ShemanagedtofindtheinventorsofWinter’stail.Withintendays,shehadanewlegwhichfreedherthe47thathadtroubledherforalmost16years.Now,Majawasreadytokeepher48.Shewenttotheaquarium.LoweredherselfintothepoolandheldoutahandtoWinter,whoapproached49,thenswumaway.Afterafewminutes.ThedollophintletMaja50itsbackFinally.thebegantoswimaroundthetogethe