桥墩桩基础设计说明书一、设计资料1、地址及水文河床土质:从地面(河床)至标高32.5m为软塑土粘,以下为密实粗砂,深度达30m;是;水文:地面(河床)标高为40.5m,一般冲刷线标高为38.5m,最大冲刷线为35.2m,常水位42.5m。2、土质指标表1类型地基系数m(KN/m)极限摩阻力τ(KPa)内摩擦角φ容重γ(扣除浮力)(KN/m)软粘土8×3104216°12密实粗砂25×31012034°123、桩、承台尺寸与材料承台尺寸:7.0m×5.8m×2.0m拟定采用四根桩,设计直径1.2m。桩身及承台混凝土用20号,其受压弹性模量hE=2.6×410MPa。4、荷载情况上部为等跨25m的预应力梁桥,混凝土桥墩,承台顶面上综桥向荷载为:恒载及活载时:N=6103.4KNH=310.25KNM=4123.6KNm恒载及二孔活载时:N=6503.24KN桩(直径1.2m)自重每延米为:q=1542.12π16.96KN/m(已扣除浮力)故,作用在承台底面中心的荷载为:N=6103.4+(7.0×5.8×2.0×25)=8133.4KNH=310.25KNM=4123.6+310.25×2.0=4744.1KNm恒载及二孔活载是:N=6503.24+(7.0×5.8×2.0×25)=8533.24KN则拟定桩基础采用冲抓锥钻孔灌注桩基础库,为摩擦桩。二、单桩容许承载力的确定根据《公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范》中确定单桩容许承载力的经验公式,初步反算桩的长度,设该桩埋入最大冲刷线以下深度为h,一般冲刷线以下深度为h2,则:)3(2122200hkAmlUPNiihγσλτ当两跨活载时:hN=8533.24+(38.5-35.2)×16.69+0.5×16.96=2189.28+8.48h(KN)计算[P]时取以下数据:桩的设计桩径1.2m,冲抓锥成孔直径为1.35m,桩周长和面积为U=π×1.35=4.24mA=2131.142.1mλ=0.700m=0.92K=6.00=550KPa2=127.28127.2128hh)(KN/m2(已扣除浮力),1=40KPa2=120KPa[P]=)33.3(120.6550131.19.07.01207.2407.224.45.0hh)(=2189.28+8.48h解得h=7.53m现取h=8m,桩底标高为27.2m。桩的轴向承载力符合要求。具体见下图12034042.50常水位40.50河床标高38.50一般冲刷线35.20最大冲刷线27.20桩底标高承台承台800330200120340120460220120120120纵桥向断面横桥向断面120120三、桩顶最大冲刷线处荷载Pi、Qi、Mi及P0、Qi、Mi的计算(一)、参数计算1、桩的计算宽度b1b1=K0KfKdKf=0.9K0=1+d1d=1.2m故,b1=0.9KdKdd98.11又,L1=3.4-1.2=2.2mh1=3(d+1)=6.6mn=2b’=0.6m又有L1=2.20.6h1=3.96故,K=b’+822.06.62.26.06.016.06.0111'hLb所以,b1=1.98×0.822=1.6282、桩的变形系数51EImb最大冲刷线以下hm=2(d+1)=2×2.2=4.4h1=2.7h3=4.4-2.7=1.7m=222121)2(mhhhhmm23234.47.17.17.2210257.2108)(=18.60×103KN/m3E=5.11Eh=0.67×2.6×107KN/m2I=644d=0.1018m4则,5731018.0106.267.0628.11060.18=0.443m-1桩在最大冲刷线以下深度h=8m,其换算深度为:hh=0.443×8=3.544m(2.5m)故按弹性桩计算。3、桩顶刚度系数1、2、3、4值计算L0=3.3mh=8m=21A=42d=1.131m2C0=8m0=8×18.60×103=1.48×105KN/m3按桩中心距计算面积,故取A0=4×3.42=9.07m2137000107.91048.11106.2131.185.03.311ACAEhlh=1.007×106=0.573EI又已知:h=h=0.443×8=3.544m00ll=0.443×3.3=1.462m由h和0l查附表17、18、19并用双内插法得:xQ=0.29193;xM=0.47762;m=1.092892=QEIx3=0.025EI3=mEIx2=0.094EI4=EIm=0.484EI5、计算承台底面原点O处位移a0、b0、0b0=EInN66.2470823.044.81331mimx1214n=4×0.484EI+0.573EI×4×1.72=8.560EIn2=4×0.025EI=0.1EIn3=4×0.094EI=0.376EI(n3)2=(0.376EI)2=0.135(EI)22312142312140nxnnMnHxnamiimii=EIEIEIEIEIEI12.6209)(141.056.81.01.4744376.025.310560.82EIEIEIEIEIEInxnnHnMnmii66.826)(141.0560.81.025.310376.01.47441.0)(22312142320(二)计算作用在每根桩顶上的作用力Pi、Qi、Mi竖向力Pi=EIEIEIxbi66.8267.166.2470573.0001KNKN10.122860.2838水平力Qi=032a=0.025EI×EIEIEI66.826094.012.6209=77.52KN弯矩Mi=0304a=0.484EIEIEIEI12.6209094.066.826=-183.55KNm校核nQi=4×77.52=310.08KN25.310HKN校核正确iniiinMPx1=2×(2838.6-1228.10)×1.7+4(-183.55)=4741.50KNmM=4744.1KNm校核正确niInP12×(2838.6+1228.10)=8133.4KN校核正确(三)计算最大冲刷线处桩身弯矩M0,水平力Q0及轴向力P0M0=Mi+Qil0=-183.55+77.52×3.3=72.26KNmQ0=77.52KNP0=2838.60+1.131×3.3×15=2894.58KN四、最大弯矩Mmax及最大弯矩位置Zmax的计算(按《公路桥梁钻孔桩计算手册》中介绍的方法)=0.442h=0.442×8=3.5444m则计ml=413.052.7726.72443.000HMmh=3.544m3.5m则按h=3.5m查附表m-5’y=1.1时,lm=0.409~0.705413.0计ml在其间,则为最大弯矩再由1.15.3yh查附表m-3‘,4’得Hm=0.754KNmMm=0.817KNmMmax=98.190817.026.72754.0443.052.7700MHmMmHKNm最大冲刷线到最大弯矩处的距离为:myy48.2443.01.12.48myKNm98.190maxM五、桩顶纵向水平位移验算桩在最大冲刷线处水平位移xo和转角φo:由Z=0,h=3.544m>4m,取4.0。查附表1,2,5,6,得Ax=2.49636BX=1.63902Aφ=-1.63902Bφ=-1.75669xoxoOBEIMAEIQX23=63902.1443.026.7249636.2443.052.7723EIEI=1.596×10-3m=1.596mm<6mm(符合规范要求)75669.1443.026.7263902.1443.052.77)(22EIEIBEIMAEIQooO=5.268×10-4rad4633010238.510773.133.352.773EIQlxQmM=-183.55kN·mxM=462210637.510773.123.355.1832EIMlom∴桩顶纵向水平位移X1=Xo-φolo+XQ+Xm=1.596×10-3+5.268×10-4×3.3+5.239×10-4-5.637×10-4=3.29×10-3m=3.29mm水平位移容许值[△]=0.525=2.5cm=25mm符合规范要求。六、桩身截面配筋的计算(一)配筋计算最大弯矩截面在Z=2.48m处,此处设计最大弯矩为Mj=190.98KNm设计最大轴向力为Nj=2894.58+0.5×2.48×16.96-40×4.24×2.48×0.5=2705.31KN采用等效钢环法:3300220grDfBrfeNrCfArfNsdcdjsdcdj取以上两式的临界状态分析,整理得:DgreCeABrffsdcd)()(00现拟定采用20号混凝土,I级钢筋,cdf=9.2MPa,sdf=195MPa1、计算偏心距增大系数eo=jjNM=31.270598.190=70.6mm又h=3.5444.0,故mlp91.783.37.0)(长细比mdlp759.62.191.7,可不考虑纵向弯曲对偏心距的影响,取η=1。2、计算受压区高度系数mmeo6.706.701,mmdr6002rrgg钢筋保护层厚度为50mm设g=0.9,则rg=gr=0.9×600=540mmag=r-rg=60mmDgreCeABrffoosdcd=DCAB5406.706.706001952.9,=DCAB1053001396952.649552022rCfrrArfrrNNrsdsbcdcbudo=2260019525.195.06002.925.195.0CA20Φ16r=54r=60钢筋布置示意图(单位:cm)=2517120A+53352000Cμ现采用试算法列表计算(见表2)表2受压区高度系数ξ计算表ξABCDμNu(×103kN)Nj(×10kN)Nu/Nj1.012.71110.33122.49210.5411-0.00270426464.62705.352.391.022.72760.32082.52070.5395-0.00003676860.72705.352.541.032.74400.31082.54840.51730.00343867374.52705.352.731.042.75970.30072.57530.47560.00792578035.52705352.971.052.77550.29052.40140.47450.0140758939.72705.353.30由计算表可见,当ξ=1.03时,计算纵向力Nu与设计值Nj之比较为合理,同时满足最小配筋率0.5%的要求。故取ξ=1.03,μ=0.00514为计算值。3、计算所需纵向钢筋的截面积2221.896460000793.0mmrAg现选用24Φ18,Ag=6108mm2混凝土净保护层C=mmmm505022060,纵向钢筋间净距为170mm>80mm.(一)对截面进行强度复核由前面的计算结果:mmeo6.70a=60mm,g=540