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过去完成时ThePastPerfectTense过去完成时1.过去完成时的构成助动词had(用于各种人称和数)+过去分词WhenIgottoschool,thebellhadrung.2.过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作.也就是过去的过去.ThePastPerfectTense过去完成时3.常用的几种方式:用介词by,before等构成的时间短语.用连词when,before,after或者短语bythetime引导的时间状语从句.Wehadlearnt20Englishsongsbytheendoflastmonth.TheplanehadtakenoffwhenIreachedtheairport.BythetimeIgotup,mybrotherhadlefthome.1.否定形式：had+not+过去分词(hadnot照样可缩写hadn't)。2.一般疑问形式：had提到句首，回答用Yes,主语+had./No,主语+hadn't.例如：—Hadhetoldyoutogothereearlieryesterday?他昨天告诉过你早点儿到那儿吗？—Yes,hehad./No,hehadn't.是的，他告诉了。/不，他没有。3.被动语态形式：had+been+过去分词。如：WhenIgotthere,thewindowshadbeenbroken.常用动词的过去式和过去分词playplayedplayedworkworkedworkedleaveleftleftsaysaidsaidgowentgonebewas/werebeentaketooktakengetgotgottenstartstartedstartedbreakbrokebrokenspeakspokespokendrivedrovedrivenseesawseeneatateeatengivegavegivenknowknewknowngrowgrewgrownBythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.thepolicemangettotheshopTomrunawayBythetimethepolicemangottotheshop,Tomhadrunaway.Speaking--freely:Bythetime…orWhen…LiuMeiwakeuptheconcertbeoverBythetimeLiuMeiwokeup,theconcerthadbeenover.hisgrandmacomefromAmericaLiMinggrowupBythetimehisgrandmacamefromAmerica,LiMinghadgrownup.20062011learn4000EnglishwordsBytheendof……Bytheendof2006,Ihadlearned4000newwords.1.We___________(learn)twothousandswordsbythetimeIwenttoMiddleSchool.3.Whenwe_______(arrive)atthestation,they__________(wait)formorethantwentyminutes.hadlearnedarrivedhadwaited2.I___________(know)himwhenIwasastudent.hadknown4.Oneofthemendidn’tmove,becausehe__________(break)hislegs.hadbroken5.Byyesterdayeveninghe_______________thatimportantletter.(write)6.IthoughtI_______themanbefore.(meet)7.Bysixo’clockthey____________fortenhours.(work)8.IwenttoNick’shouse,buthe____________out.(go)9.I________________theproblemwhenclasswasover.(notunderstand)hadwrittenhadmethadworkedhadgonehadn’tunderstood口语练习1.a.Igotup.Mybrotherwasintheshoweralready.b.BythetimeIgotup,mybrother____________intheshoweralready.2.a.Iranoutsidetothebusstop.Thebuswasgone.b.3.a.Igothome.Irealizedthatmyhomeworkwasstillatschool.b.hadgottenBythetimeIranoutsidetothebusstop,thebushadalreadygone.WhenIgothome,IrealizedthatIhadleftmyhomeworkatschool.4.a.Iwokeup.Myclockstoppedtwohoursago.b.5.a.Igottothecinemaat8.Thefilmstartedat7:30.b.6.a.Igottotheparty.Jimwenthomeanhourago.b.BythetimeIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadystarted.BythetimeIwokeup,myclockhadstoppedfortwohours.WhenIgottotheparty,Jimhadalreadygonehome.THANKYOU