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语法和长难句分析课程刘晓艳课程设置一简单句二并列句三名词四动词五形容词和副词六英语的特殊结构第一节简单句一whatis简单句？试译：我的英语说得很好；Ispeakenglishwell.沙坪坝到了；wearearrivingatspbstation.二简单句的分类：1.主谓结构；hedied;welaugh(ed);2.主谓宾谓语：实意动词3.主谓表谓语：系动词系动词：1.be2.感官动词：looksmelltastesoundfeel；3.变化：becomegetgoturn;4.保持：keepstayremain;4主谓双宾5主谓宾宾补Iboughthimadog;Itmakeshimhappy;Weelecthimourmonitor;三句子的成分；1谓语：1）谓语的成分；yourmothermustverybeautiful;2）动词能不能多？beatyouismyfault.IenjoywatchtvMydreamisbecomeateacher.试译：他笑着说，我爱你；Hesmilingsaid“Iloveyou’.爱我就是抱抱我；Lovingmeishugging(embracing)me.3）动词能不能少？yourmothermustverybeautiful;Iagainstyou.(oppose).rejectinjectprojectsubjectobject二主语1.主语的成分beingmeaningfulislivingwelllivingwellisdoingmeaningfulthings.2.主语能不能少？A)itItisraining.Itishotinchongqing.Btherebetherearenumerousstudentsfallinginlovewithme.therearecountlessfactorssupportingmypoint.thereareinnumerableyoungmenfailingtogetmarried.C被动englishmustbepointedoutveryimportant.thegovernmentshouldbesuggestedtotakemeasures.D人称代词3宾语IloveyouIloveliuxiaoyanIlovesingingsongsIlovetosingsongs4表语Iamateacher;IaminchongqingIambeautifulMydreamistobecomeapoetMydreamisbecomingapoet.四时态一）一般的时态二）进行的时态三）完成的时态一）一般的时态1.一般现在时：IenjoylearningenglishTheearthrevolvesaroundthesun.2.一般过去时Iwasastudentthreeyearsago.3.一般将来时二）进行的时态IamhavingclassIwashavingclassat8yesterday.Iwillbehavingclassat8tomorrow.三）完成的时态IhavebeentoeuropemanytimesIhavebeenastudent.MymotherhadsleptwhenIgothome.Ihadlearned5000wordsbytheendoflastyear.练习句子毫无疑问污染很严重；Thereisnodoubtthatpollutionisveryserious.重庆有很多人口Therearemanypeopleinchongqing这个问题政府已经重视Thegovernmenthasfocusedtheproblem.4如果有毅力，就一定会成功ifthereiswillpower,successmustbeachieved.5.他站在那儿笑Heisstandingthere,smiling.6抽空得改改你的脾气了Yousparesometimetorelieveyourtemper.五简单句考点；1.写作2.长难句练习题：1)Iwasplayingcomputer.Theroommatecamein,askingmetohavelunch.2)Thereisalotoftrafficjamthesedays.第二节并列句Iloveyou,youlovethatdog;解决方案：1.回归简单句；2.加连词；3.Iloveyou,wholovethatdog.4.Ilovingyou,youlovethatdog.一什么是并列句？二常见的连词1.平行：andnotonly…butalso2.转折：but,yet,while,whereas;3.顺承：then；4.因果：for；so/thustherefore5.选择：or三考点：1.写作2.完型3.分析长难句；Iwasbeaten，andyou；练习题1.maryfailstolikeenglishbutshelikesmusicanddancing(befondof;becrazyabout;havepassionfor;befascinatedwith;bekeenon)2.lovehasgone,butshestillremainsthere.3.henotonlyspeaksenglishwellbutalsospeaksfrenchfluently.三名词一）名词能做什么成分？1.themovielooksattractive;2.Iappreciatehismother.3.gumpisaman.4.Ienjoythepart,theend.1.whatIsawisattractive;2.Iappreciatewhatshesaid.3.gumpiswhoshouldlearnfrom.4.Ienjoythepartthatafeatherisflyinginthesky.二）什么是名词性从句？1.何为从句？2.何为名词性从句？三）名词性从句的引导词；1.Iloveyouismyfault.2.Doyoulovemeisobvious.3.Whodoyouloveisasecret.试译：我认为污染很严重Ibelievethatpollutionisquiteserious.我想知道人为什么活着？Iwonderwhypeopleliveintheworld.试译：很多年轻人都意识到孝敬父母是他们的业务；Manyteenagershaverealizedthatrespectingparentsistheirresponsibity.外星人存在吗真的很重要；Whetheraliensexistisreallyvital;我的想法是我们去看电影吧。Myideaisthatwewillgotoseeamovie.她成功的找到了女朋友使我们很高兴；Thatshesucceededinfindingafriendmakemehappy.四）考点：1.写作：1）主语从句：女人总是对的是一个常识。Thatwomenarealwaysrightiscommonsense.Itiscommonsensethatwomen…主语从句的满分表达：It…that…2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句她是一个诗人这个事实是真的；Sheisapoetthetruthisreal.Thetruththatsheisapoetisreal.试译：没有什么能够掩盖她正在变老这个事实；Nothingcanhidethefactthesheisbecomingold.他的丈夫去世了这个消息传遍了整个村庄。Thenewsthathishusbanddiedwasspreadthewholevillege.我坚信梦想和坚持会使我们成功这个说法；Ibelievetheideathatdreamsandpersistancecanmakeussucceed.2.长难句分析：会识别各个从句。1)如何识别主语从句2）如何识别宾语从句3）如何识别表语从句4）如何识别同位语从句第四节课：定语一什么是定语？二定语的成分1.形容词aninnocentnightingaleanightingalebraveandinnocent.2.名词thesingingofthenightingale3.介词短语thenoutofthewindow4.分词thesingingnthensingingtotherose5.不定式themantotheparty6.从句三定语的位置练习：那个懂爱的年轻人被拒绝了；themanknowinglovewasrejected.我有一朵和白云一样白的玫瑰花Ihavearoseaswhiteasclouds夜莺听到了年轻人的感叹。Thenheardthewordsoftheyoungman.被扔掉的玫瑰花是红色的。Thethrownroseisred.四定语从句1.构成n+引导词+句子2.引导词定语从句的引导词分类标准N人whowhomwhose物thatwhichwhose时间thatwhichwhen地点thatwhichwhere原因thatwhichwhy谁决定引导词的用法举例：heistheman___lovesme.heistheman___Ilove.heistheman___fatherexcelsinmakingpopcorn.Iwillneverforgettheday__Imetyou.Iwillneverforgettheday___wespent.Youhadbetterhavenoreason__youarelate.Youhadbetterhavenoreason__soundsperfect.定语从句引导词的分类新标准按照引导词的词性（引导词在从句中所作的成分来分来）1.Whowhomthatwhich2.Wherewhenwhy3.whose五定语从句和同位语从句的区别Icannotbelievethefactthatisshocking.Icannotbelievethefactthatheisapoet.六定语从句的特殊用法1.先行词和引导词之间有介词whichwhom；2.that做宾语，可省；3.区别thesame…as;thesame…thatHeisthesamemanasIlove;HeisthesamemanthatIlove.4.区别限制和非限制性定语从句；Iloveliu,whoisgorgerous.Iloveliuwhoisgorgerous.Ilovewatermelons,whichareround.Ilovewatermelonswhichareround.七定语从句的考点及难点；引导词？---寻找先行词定语从句的先行词1.最近的那个名词2.最近的短语或多个名词3.一个从句4.整个完整的句子第五节课动词一动词的成分二动词的分类1.系动词2.助动词3.情态动词4.实意动词1.系动词2.助动词Iamateacher.Ihavetaughtenglishforyears.Iamgoingtobealawyer.Idonotdomuchsportsrecently.3.情态动词表示推测举例：老俞一定很有钱Oldfishmustbewealthy;Oldfishcannotbewealthy.OldfishmusthavebeenselfabasedinhisuniversityYouneednothaveshownyourloveinthisway.Icouldhavebecomeagoodpoet.Theyshouldhavegotmarriediftheyhadachance.4.实意动词Watchtv;Iamwatching;Lookatme;Iamlooking;三虚拟语气一）一般用法：if引导的条件句Ifyouareatearinmyeyes,Iwillnevershedit.IfIw