常见化学电池反应式1.氢氧燃料电池(酸性电解质):负:正:总:2.氢氧燃料电池(碱性电解质):负:正:总:3.氢氧燃料电池(中性电解质):负:正:总:4.氢氧燃料电池(熔融金属氧化物):负:正:5.酸性锌锰电池:负:正:总:Zn+2NH4+=Zn2++2NH3+H26.碱性锌锰电池:负:正:总:Zn+MnO2+2H2O=Zn(OH)2+Mn(OH)27.铅蓄电池:①放电:负:正:总:②充电:阴:阳:总:8.甲烷燃料电池(碱性电解质):负:正:总:8.甲醇燃料电池(酸性电解质):负:正:总:9.甲醇燃料电池(碱性电解质):负:正:总:10.乙醇燃料电池(碱性电解质):负:正:总:11.铝—镁—氢氧化钠电池:负:正:总:12.铝—铜—浓硝酸电池:负:正:总:13.铝--空气—海水电池:负:正:总:14.熔融盐燃料电池(CO/CO2O2(Na2CO3溶液))负:正:总:15.锂电池:负:正:总:Li+MnO2=LiMnO216.镍氢电池:负:正:总:H2+2NiO(OH)=2Ni(OH)217.银锌电池:负:正:总:Zn+Ag2O+H2O=2Ag+Zn(OH)2答案2.氢氧燃料电池(酸性电解质):负:2H2-4e-=4H+正:O2+4H++4e-=2H2O总:2H2+O2=2H2O3.氢氧燃料电池(碱性电解质):负:2H2+4OH--4e-=4H2O正:O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-总:2H2+O2=2H2O4.氢氧燃料电池(中性电解质):负:2H2-4e-=4H+正:O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH-总:2H2+O2=2H2O5.氢氧燃料电池(熔融金属氧化物):负:2H2+2O2--4e-=2H2O正:O2+4e-=2O2-6.酸性锌锰电池:负:Zn-2e-=Zn2+正:2NH4++2e-=2NH3+H2总:Zn+2NH4+=Zn2++2NH3+H27.碱性锌锰电池:负:Zn+2OH--2e-=Zn(OH)2正:MnO2+2H2O+2e-=Mn(OH)2+2OH-总:Zn+MnO2+2H2O=Zn(OH)2+Mn(OH)28.铅蓄电池:③放电:负:Pb+SO42--2e-=PbSO42-正:PbO2+4H++SO42-+2e-=PbSO42-+2H2O总:Pb+PbO2+2H2SO42-=2PbSO4+2H2O④充电:阴:PbSO42-+2e-=Pb+SO42阳:PbSO42-+2H2O-2e-=PbO2+4H++SO42-总:2PbSO4+2H2O=Pb+PbO2+2H2SO42-9.甲烷燃料电池(碱性电解质):负:CH4+10OH--8e-=CO32-+7H2O正:2O2+4H2O+8e-=8OH-总:CH4+2O2+2OH-=CO32-+3H2O10.甲醇燃料电池(酸性电解质):负:2CH3OH+2H2O=2CO2+12H++12e-正:3O2+12H++12e-=6H2O总:2CH3OH+3O2=2CO2+4H2O11.甲醇燃料电池(碱性电解质):负:2CH3OH+16OH-=2CO32-+12H2O+12e-正:3O2+6H2O+12e-=12OH-总:2CH3OH+3O2+4OH-=2CO32-+6H2O12.乙醇燃料电池(碱性电解质):负:C2H5OH-12e-+16OH-=2CO32-+11H2O正:3O2+6H2O+12e-=12OH-总:C2H5OH+4OH-+3O2=2CO32-+5H2O13.铝—镁—氢氧化钠电池:负:2Al+8OH--6e-=2AlO2-+4H2O正:6H2O+6e-=6OH-+3H2↑总:2Al+2OH-+2H2O=2AlO2-+3H2↑14.铝—铜—浓硝酸电池:负:Cu-2e-=Cu2+正:2NO3-+4H++2e-=2NO2↑+2H2O总:Cu+4H++2NO3-=Cu2++2NO2+2H2O15.铝--空气—海水电池:负:4Al-12e-=4Al3+正:3O2+6H2O+12e-=12OH-总:4Al+3O2+6H2O=4Al(OH)3↓16.熔融盐燃料电池:负:2CO+2CO32—4e-=4CO2正:O2+2CO2+4e-=2CO32-总:2CO+O2=2CO217.锂电池:负:Li-e-=Li+正:MnO2+e-+Li+=LiMnO2总:Li+MnO2=LiMnO218.镍氢电池:负:H2+2OH--2e-=2H2O正:2NiO(OH)+2H2O+2e-=2Ni(OH)2+2OH-总:H2+2NiO(OH)=2Ni(OH)219.银锌电池:负:Zn+2OH--2e-=Zn(OH)2正:Ag2O+H2O+2e-=2Ag+2OH-总:Zn+Ag2O+H2O=2Ag+Zn(OH)2