B型烟粉虱与浙江非B型烟粉虱的竞争

2005,13(3):181–187doi:10.1360/biodiv.040202BiodiversityScience:2005-04-19:(2002CB111403)*Authorforcorrespondence.E-mail:[e-mail]11*1121(,310029)2(,,100081):B(Bemisiatabaci)B,BB,,(Gossypiumhirsutum),6,BB;(Cucurbitapepo),2,BB,B87%B13%,225d,BBBB,BB,B:,,,,SCARCompetitionbetweentheBbiotypeandanon-Bbiotypeofthewhitefly,Bemisiatabaci(Homoptera:Aleyrodidae)inZhejiang,ChinaLianshengZang1,ShushengLiu1*,YinquanLiu1,YongmingRuan1,FanghaoWan21InstituteofAppliedEntomology,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou3100292CentreforManagementofInvasiveAlienSpecies,MinistryofAgriculture,andInstituteofAgriculturalEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopment,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081Abstract:InrecentyearstheBbiotypeofBemisiatabacihasbeenaninvasiveinsectinChina.Toelucidateitspotentialtoreplaceanon-BbiotypeofB.tabaci,nativetoZhejiang,China,werearedbothbiotypesonvarioushostplantsinaseriesoflaboratoryexperimentstoobservethechangesintheirrelativeproportions.Oncotton,whenthetwobiotypesbegancompetitioninequalnumbers,thenon-BbiotypewascompletelydisplacedbytheBbiotypeaftersixgenerations,whereasonsquash,thenon-Bbiotypewascompletelydis-placedbytheBbiotypeafteronlytwogenerations.Evenwhenthecompetitionstartedwith87%ofnon-Bbiotypeand13%ofBbiotypeinnumbers,thenon-Bbiotypewascompletelydisplacedin225days.There-sultsshowedthattheinvasiveBbiotypehasthecapacitytodisplacethenon-Bbiotypeinashortperiodoftime.Apreliminaryanalysisindicatesthat,apartfromtheadvantageofawiderhostrangeoftheBbiotypeoverthatofnon-Bbiotypes,astrongerinnatecapacityforcompetitionisanotherimportantfactorinthesuc-cessfulinvasionoftheBbiotypeanditsdisplacementofthenativebiotype.Keywords:Bemisiatabaci,biotype,competitivedisplacement,biologicalinvasion,SCAR(Bemisiatabaci),,(Brownetal.,1995),(speciescomplex)(Perring,2001;,2002)Perring(2001),200024,B,,,“”(superbug)(Barinaga,1993)(Euphorbiapulcherrima)182BiodiversityScience13,B(Brownetal.,1995)2040(,1949),90(Gossypiumhirsutum)(,1972;,1989),,(,2000),(Brassicaoleraceavar.capitata)(Brassicaoleraceavar.botrytis),,B(,2001;,2002;Qiuetal.,2003)BB,BA(Perringetal.,1993;Bellowsetal.,1994);(Costaetal.,1993)(Quinteroetal.,1998)(DeBarro&Hart,2000)(Limaetal.,2002)BB,(Trialeurodesvaporariorum)(,2000)2003,,B,BBBB,(DeBarro&Hart,2000)BB11.1200371,mtDNACOI,B(GenBank:AJ867555)B(GenBank:AJ867556;China-ZHJ-1,ZHJ-1),PaulDeBarromtDNACOIGenBankCOI,,BB;ZHJ-1Berry(2004)“/(SoutheastAsia/FarEastGroup)”,(PaulDeBarro,)BZHJ-1(109),20037(12L:12D;27±1;60–80%RH),H16(DeBarro&Driver,1997;,2002),H16(5’-TCTCAGCTGG-3’)BZHJ-1,PCR(2002),BZHJ-1,PCR(QIAGEN)pBS-T(TaKaRa),DH5α(),1SCAR(sequencecharacterizedamplifiedregions)SCAR:(1)SCAR-PCR:20µL,1UTaq,2µL10×Taq,2mmol/LMgCl2,0.25mmol/LdNTP,50ng,DNA2µL;(2)PCR:945min,359430s,6530s,7240s,7210minSCAR,1.2:BZHJ-1(),(10cm),,07:00–08:00,,:(109)(Cucurbitapepo,:)(15cm),100,3:BB1835–62–3,1.3:BZHJ-130,(,2005),5(),12h,15d,10:00,:BZHJ-11,2,,10,,,2d,8:BZHJ-110,,1015:00,(12L:12D;28;80%RH),DPSStudentt(,2002)1.41.4.11:BZHJ-110(1♀1♂,),2(55cm×55cm×55cm,),BZHJ-120,218d,F1,,2F1,9,–20,,(:),75%2:“1”18d36d,F1F1,2dF2,9,–20,,,75%3:“1”18d36d,F154d,F2F2,2dF3,9,–20,,,75%F4–F7:F3,F3,25d(1)2,,–20,4,,,,75%,,1.4.2,1231.5ZHJ-1ZHJ-120B3,2,ZHJ-123,225d2,,10,–20,,,,75%1.6SCARBZHJ-1H16BZHJ-1PCR,,ZHJ-1390bp,B(1),1ZHJ-1,1SCAR(F:5’-ACAACTTCCCTCGGTCGACC-3’;R:5’-TCAGCTGGCTCCAAGTTGCC-3’),SCARBZHJ-1(2)SCAR()184BiodiversityScience13,()100,22.1L:D12:1227.376.9,ZHJ-1B2d;,BZHJ-19d;,BZHJ-11.5d;,BZHJ-14d(1)2.2F1F7,ZHJ-11.0(1.0±0.1);BF12.9,F2F7,2.0(2.0±0.1)B:F3,,F6F7,BSCAR,,,,B;F6,ZHJ-1B(3)2.3,BZHJ-1,F1,1.10.80.4,,B,ZHJ-1,SCAR,,,1,B98;F2,ZHJ-1B(4)1H16BZHJ-1M:marker;1–2:B;3–4:B;5–6:B;7–8:B;9–10:ZHJ-1;11–12:ZHJ-1;13–14:ZHJ-1;15–16:ZHJ-1;17–18:ZHJ-1;19–20:ZHJ-1;21–22:B;23–24:BZHJ-1BZHJ-1Fig.1RAPD-PCRamplificationsfortwobiotypesofwhiteflieswithprimerH16.M,marker;1–2,Bbiotypefemalesoftobaccopopulation;3–4,Bbiotypemalesoftobaccopopulation;5–6,Bbiotypefemalesofcottonpopulation;7–8,Bbiotypemalesofcottonpopulation;9–10,ZHJ-1biotypefemalesofcottonpopulation;11–12,ZHJ-1biotypemalesofcottonpopulation;13–14,ZHJ-1biotypefemalesofcayennepepperpopulation;15–16,ZHJ-1biotypemalesofcayennepepperpopulation;17–18,ZHJ-1biotypefemalesofsquashpopulation;19–20,ZHJ-1biotypemalesofsquashpopulation;21–22,Bbiotypefemalesofsquashpopulation;23–24,Bbiotypemalesofsquashpopulation.BbiotypeandZHJ-1biotypecanbedistinguishedbythespecificbandoftheZHJ-1biotypeindicatedbythearrow.2SCARZHJ-1(),B(M:marker;A:ZHJ-1;B:B)Fig.2ThePCRamplificationofthebandcharacteristicoftheZHJ-1biotypewiththeSCARprimer.A,ZHJ-1biotype;B,Bbiotype.3:BB1852.4ZHJ-15,ZHJ-120B3,25d1.2,,,150d2.0ZHJ-11.0SCAR,25dZHJ-171,,ZHJ-1B,125dZHJ-110,225dZHJ-1B3,BB,,B,,BBB2.0,B1.0,2.0,B,,,B(B);B,B,9,BB,B1Table1Development,reproductionandsurvivalofBbiotypeandZHJ-1biotypeofBemisiatabacioncottonandsquashHostplantBiotypeDevelopmenttime(d)()NumberofeggslaidAdultlongevity(d)B23.1±0.4a62.2±7.820.3±4.0ACottonZHJ-121.5±0.3b75.0±8.011.2±3.1BB21.4±0.3a16.0±5.16.1±1.7ASquashZHJ-122.9±0.3b9.6±3.12.2±0.5B±,P0.05()P0.001