盐城湿地国家生态公园03--EDAW

84盐城湿地生态国家公园|YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park规划中的盐城游客集散中心PROPOSEDSITEFORYANCHENGTRANSITCENTRE现有盐城政府所在地EXISTINGYANCHENGGOVERNMENT新盐城公共交通转换中心位置LOCATIONFORNEWYANCHENGTRANSITCENTRE盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park东台生态旅游区DONGTAIECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区MILUECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区REDCROWNCRANEECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park总体规划报告|MasterPlanReport85DEPOTSTORAGETOURISTSTAFFOFFICESCINEMACAFÉWILDLIFESCULPTUREGARDENWETLANDLANDSCAPESTAFFPARKINGTOURBUSTERMINALVISITORPARKING01020304050m职员停车旅游巴士终点站游客停车场旅游职员办公仓储电影院野生动物雕塑公园咖啡厅湿地景观86盐城湿地生态国家公园|YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park东台生态旅游区DONGTAIECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区MILUECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区REDCROWNCRANEECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park总体规划报告|MasterPlanReport87environmentalcapacityandmanagement6环境容量与管理88盐城湿地生态国家公园|YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park6.1环境容量测算ENVIRONMENTALCAPACITYCALCULATIONAcalculationofthetouristcarryingcapacityforeachofthemainday-useareasproposedwithinthewetlandshasbeenprepared.Thisisbasedonthefollowingassumptions:•ApplicationoftheAreaCalculationMethodprovidedbytheJiangsuProvinceTourismBureau•Focusonareaswithvisitorfacilitieslocatedwithinthewetlandareas•Basedprimarilyonextentofdesignatedfacilities,walksandboardwalkstobeprovided.•Broadscalewetlandareasoutsideofthetourismnodeswillbeprotectedbyland-useregulations.CAPACITYTABLEDESIGNATEDWETLANDVISITORSITESVisitablePathsLinealAreaOpeningAverageCapacityandBoardwalksPer-PersonHoursPer-DayVisitTime(People/(linealmetres)(metres)(Hours)(Hours)Per-Day)RedCrownCraneDay-Use3000m8m821500NewRiverParkland1500m6m821000MiluWildlifePark(traincircuit)8000m20m82.51280DafengCoastalWetlands4000m8m822000LiangduoRiverMouth3000m8m821500JianggangHarbour1500m8m82750SubTotals8030Asaguide,assumingtheday-useareasareopenapproximately350daysperyear.Thisprovidesanannualcapacityofapproximately2,810,500visitorsperyear.Thisisanincreaseof83%fromthecurrentvisitationofapproximately500,000duelargelytoimprovedfacilitiestoaccommodateadditionalnumberswithahighlevelofenvironmentalsensitivity.Theseestimatedcapacitiesshouldbesubjecttoongoingreviewandbeusedtoassistinwetlandmanagement.Additionalcapacitycanbecreatedbyexpandingfacilities.Alternatively,capacitycanbeloweredbyreducingtheextentoffacilities.根据以下假定条件下，对湿地内规划的日间使用主要区域可承载游客数量进行了测算。•使用面积法•集中在湿地内的游客设施区域•基本以指定的设施和规划的步道和木栈道为界•旅游节点以外的湿地区域将通过用地规定加以保护。环境容量测算表指定湿地游客景点可游览步游客占用全天开放平均游容量道和木栈道长度面积时间览时间(人次/(米)（米）(小时)(小时)天)丹顶鹤日间游览区3000m8m821500新河滨公园1500m6m821000麋鹿野生动物园（电瓶车巡游）8000m20m82.51280大丰沿海湿地4000m8m822000梁垛河口3000m8m821500弶港1500m8m82750小计8030作为指导，假设每年白天使用区域开放约350天，那么每年大约可以容纳2,810,500游客。这个预计的数字将比目前约500,000的游客数增长83％，主要是由于设施的改善，以高水准的环境敏感度容纳更多的游客。这些预测的容量应进行审核，并用于指导湿地管理。设施的扩建还将带来容量增加，设施范围的缩小同样也会降低容量。盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park东台生态旅游区DONGTAIECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park麋鹿生态旅游区MILUECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park丹顶鹤生态旅游区REDCROWNCRANEECOTOURISMAREA盐城湿地生态国家公园YanchengWetlandNationalEco-Park总体规划报告|MasterPlanReport89Adraftenvironmentalprotectionstrategyhasbeenpreparedthataddresses:•RegulatoryZoningofNatureReserves•ImpactsfromAgriculturalActivities•ImpactsfromPotentialTourismDevelopmentAreas•NatureReserveManagementZONINGExistingandplannedlandusesdonotappeartocomplywithnationalnaturereservezoningregulations.Thefollowingwillthereforeberequired:•ModifycurrentnaturepreservezoningtoaccommodateapprovedEco-ParkFrameworkandFocalAreasplan,whilemaintainingintegrityoforiginalprotectedareas•Allnewdevelopmentsshouldcomplywithapprovedeco-parkmasterplanzoningregulations.•Ensureadjacentlandusezoningiscompatiblewitheco-parkmasterplan.IMPACTSFROMEXISTINGAGRICULTURALACTIVITIESNutrientandpollutantdischargesfromaquacultureandlivestockfarmingactivitiesandfertilizer/pesticideapplicationposeamajorthreattosurroundingwetlandandaquaticecosystems.Thefollowingstrategiesarethereforerequired:•Utilizesustainableagriculturalpracticeswithintheeco-parkplanningboundary,andonadjacentagriculturallands.•Adoptbestmanagementpracticesandsustainableagriculturalpracticesatexistinglivestockandaquaculturefarmingareas.•Prohibitfutureconversionofwetlandstoagriculturallandswithineco-parkplanningareaIMPACTSFROMPOTENTIALTOURISMDEVELOPMENTAREASResidentialandcommercialwastewaterdischarges,solidwastedisposalrequirements,increasedvolumesandratesofstormwaterrunoff,reductioningroundwaterrechargearea,andencroachmentoncriticalhabitatareascouldresultfromthedevelopmentoftourismrelatedfacilities.Thefollowingstrategiesarerequired:•Utilizeinternationalbestmanagementpracticesandsustainabilityguidelinestominimizepotentialadverseimpacts.•Basesiteselectionfortourismfacilitiesoncompatibilitywiththenaturalresourcesofthemasterplanarea•Developsmall-scale,decentralizedwastewatertreatmentfacilitiesasbiotechnicaldemonstrationprojects•Developlandusedensitiesforres