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扬州工业职业技术学院2015届专科毕业设计设计题目：基于单片机图书馆烟雾报警器的设计学生姓名：位鑫所在院系：电气信息所学专业：电气自动化导师姓名：李建荣完成时间：2014-10-25摘要随着“信息时代”的到来，作为获取信息的手段——传感器技术得到了显著的进步，其应用领域越来越广泛，对其要求越来越高，需求越来越迫切。传感器技术已成为衡量一个国家科学技术发展水平的重要标志之一。因此，了解并掌握各类传感器的基本结构、工作原理及特性是非常重要的。为了提高对传感器的认识和了解，尤其是对烟雾传感器的深入研究以及其用法与用途，基于实用、广泛和典型的原则而设计了本系统。本文利用单片机结合传感器技术而开发设计了这一烟雾监控系统。本论文以电阻式烟雾传感器和单片机技术为核心并与其他电子技术相结合，设计出一种技术水平较好的烟雾报警器。其中选用MQ-2型半导体可燃气体敏感元件烟雾传感器实现烟雾的检测，具有灵敏度高、响应快、抗干扰能力强等优点，而且价格低廉，使用寿命长。选用的AT89S52单片机，其整合了A/D转换、硬件乘法器、硬件脉宽调制器等资源，具有高速、低功耗、超强抗干扰等优点，是目前同类技术中性价比较高的产品。以AT89S52单片机和MQ-2型半导体电阻式烟雾传感器为核心设计的烟雾报警器可实现报警、故障自诊断、浓度级别显示、报警限设置、温度显示及与温度报警值设定等功能。是一种结构简单、性能稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾报警器。具有一定的实用价值。关键词：烟雾，报警器，AT89S52，传感器AbstractWiththeadventofinformationtimes,asameansofaccessinginformation--sensortechnologyhasbeensignificantprogress,itsapplicationfieldismoreandmoreextensive,therequirementismoreandmorehigh,moreandmoreurgentneed.Thesensortechnologyhasbecomeanationalscienceandtechnologydevelopmentlevelofoneoftheimportantsymbols.Therefore,understandingandmasteringofsensor'sstructure,workingprincipleandcharacteristicisveryimportant.Inordertoimprovethesensor'sunderstandingandtheunderstanding,especiallyforthesmokesensorresearchanditsusageanduse,basedonpractical,andtheprincipleanddesignthetypicalsystem.Inthispaper,combinedwiththeuseofsingle-chipsensortechnologydevelopmentanddesignofthesmokecontrolsystem..Inthispaper,resistancetypesmokesensorandsingle-chipmicrocomputerasthecoretechnologyandelectronictechnology,designsatechnologybettersmokealarm.TheselectionofMQ-2typesemiconductorgassensitiveelementsmokesensorsmokedetection,whichhashighsensitivity,fastresponse,stronganti-interferenceability,andthepriceislow,longservicelife.TheselectionofAT89S52chip,theintegrationoftheA/Dconversion,hardwaremultiplier,hardwarepulsewidthmodulatorandotherresources,withhighspeed,lowpower,stronganti-interferenceandotheradvantages,isofsimilartechnologyneutralpricecomparisonhighyieldquality.WithAT89S52MCUandMQ-2typesemiconductorresistortypesmokesensorasthecoredesignofthesmokealarmcanalarm,faultdiagnosis,concentrationleveldisplay,alarmlimitsettings,temperaturedisplayandtemperaturealarmvaluesettingandotherfunctions.Isakindofsimplestructure,stableperformance,convenientoperation,lowprice,intelligentsmokealarm.Hasacertainpracticalvalue.Keywords:smog,alarm,AT89S52,sensor目录1绪论......................................................................................................................11.1论文研究来源、目的和意义...............................................................................11.1.1论文研究来源...............................................................................................11.1.2论文研究目的和意义...................................................................................11.2烟雾报警器的国内外现状...................................................................................21.3本论文主要任务...................................................................................................22烟雾检测报警器的方案设计.............................................................................42.1烟雾检测报警器设计思路...................................................................................42.2烟雾传感器的选型...............................................................................................42.2.1烟雾传感器介绍...........................................................................................42.2.2烟雾传感器的选定.......................................................................................72.2.3MQ-2型烟雾传感器的工作原理.................................................................82.2.4MQ-2型传感器的特性及主要技术指标.....................................................92.3烟雾检测报警器整体设计方案.........................................................................102.3.1烟雾检测报警器工作原理.........................................................................102.3.2烟雾检测报警器的结构.............................................................................112.3.3烟雾检测报警器的功能.............................................................................112.3.4烟雾检测报警器的主要技术指标.............................................................122.4本章小结.............................................................................................................123系统设计............................................................................................................133.1系统功能..........................................................................................................133.2系统框图..........................................................................................................133.3单片机的介绍..................................................................................................143.4DS18B20的介绍................................................................................................173.4.1DS18B20的介绍.......................................................................................173.4.2DS18B20温度传感器与单片机的接口电路...........................................203.4.3DS18B20的控制方法......................................................................................