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因为答案信息点有的在空格前,有的在空格后,有的在前文和后文都有出现,需要综合考虑或起相互印证的作用。有时,还要根据上、下文提供的信息,结合常识,进行适当的逻辑推理,才可得出正确答案。1.上下求索——寻信息[例1]Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,27whoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton28.(2010广东)27.A.parentsB.studentsC.teachersD.drivers28.A.soonerB.laterC.fasterD.earlier解析：27题的答案信息点在空格后的andstudentswho...中,关键词是students,故选B。28题的答案信息点在空格前,关键词是first,故选B。[例2]Oneafternoon,Iwasoutexploring...andsawanewkindofcactus(仙人掌).Icrouched(蹲)downforacloserlook.“You’dbetternot47that.”Iturnedaroundtoseeanoldwoman...“Wouldyouliketocometomyhometomorrow?Someoneshouldteachyouwhichplantyoushouldandshouldn’ttouch.”(湖南)A.breakB.pickC.pullD.touch解析:此题若不读到文章最后一句的最后一个单词,很难确定填touch,选D。答题时,眼睛不能只盯在空格上或只盯在空格所在的这一个句子上,一定要“左顾右盼”,弄清前后的习惯搭配或句式结构。注意,常常不止一个选项前后可以构成搭配关系,这时需要根据上下文的意思来定夺。2.左顾右盼——找搭配[例3]OnApril12,1888,Alfred’sbrotherLudwigdiedofheartattack.AmajorFrenchnewspaper21hisbrotherforhimand...(2009广东)A.foundB.misunderstoodC.mistookD.judged解析：四个选项中,能与后面for搭配的,只有mistook,即mistakeAforB(将A误以为B),故选C。[例4]Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto28theNobelprizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewho...(2009广东)A.establishB.formC.developD.promote解析：根据动宾搭配,在四个选项中,能与名词theNobelprizes(诺贝尔奖)搭配的,只有establish(设立),即“设立诺贝尔奖”。用他的大部分钱去“构成/开发/促进”诺贝尔奖,是讲不通的。有时,若单独看空格处或空格所在句,其中两个、三个甚至四个选项填入格中都不错,句子也通顺,但结合全文内容来理解,就只有一个是最佳答案了。因此,选择答案时,一定要考虑到此选项不但在本句中合符语境,而且要在全文中也讲得通,即贯通全文。3.思前想后—通全文[例5]NobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneytoestablishtheNobelprizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat29tothecausesofpeace,literature,andthesciences.A.additionsB.sacrificesC.changesD.contributions解析：若单独看空格处,选项B、C、D都可以填,makegreatsacrifices“作出巨大牺牲”,makegreatchanges“发生巨大变化”,makegreatcontributions“作出巨大贡献”;从文章内容或常识来看,诺贝尔奖金应当是奖给那些为世界和平、文学和科学事业“作出过巨大贡献”的人,故只能选D。[例6]AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining,construction,andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite(炸药)...thearticleread.“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame23byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”...Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto...A.famousB.sickC.richD.popular解析：若单独看空前的became,填四个选项都没有语法错误,但是由前文中的becameamillionaire和后文givethelargestpartofhismoney可知,rich为最佳答案,故选C。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解短文大意,这是解题的基础。这一步非常重要,万万不可忽视。1.通读全文,理解大意在理解短文大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,特别是与前后词语的搭配,上下文的意义关系等,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示了,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。2.瞻前顾后,避难就易借助已经补全的空格,我们已对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的个别难题。全部做好后,考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯。3.复读全文,解决残敌4.再次复读,弥补疏漏根据广东高考完形填空题的特点,只要了解上述三个原则,遵循四个步骤,灵活运用以下五个技巧,任何完形难题都可得到顺利解决。望同学们一定要理解、掌握以下五个技巧。某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中共同出现的倾向性,叫词语同现,也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系,或者同类互补关系等,如different与same;cruel与friendly;death(死亡)与destruction(毁灭);ill与pale,patient,nurse,doctor,operation等。1.词语同现一个语篇往往会围绕着某一主题或话题,与此相关的词就可能会共同出现,以实现语篇衔接。如2011年广东高考完形填空的短文,是围绕把优生从普通班里分离出去会带来严重问题这一主题展开的,涉及这一主题的可能有“普通班”“特殊班”“优生”“普通生”,以及“学校”“老师”“学习”等等,因此,special,gifted,intelligent,top,regular,average,school,classes,teachers,children,learning这些相互关联的词语就很可能会同时出现在语篇之中。了解词语同现,对正确解答完形填空题很有帮助。请运用词语同现的技巧,解答以下高考真题,并说明正确选项与哪些词同现。1.(2011广东)Theargumenthasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby2situationthathasdesignedfortheaveragechildren.A.designingB.groupingC.learningD.living1.C与classes,children,intellectual同现的单词,很可能是learning。C.learning2.(2010广东)Youhavetopushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”to24thebuilding.A.enterB.leaveC.openD.close2.A因有push(推)就有pull(拉),有gooutof(出去)就会有enter(进入),这就是词语同现。A.enter3.(2010广东)WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghadtwodifferentdoorsandtheyhaddistinctfunctions...Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethe25doorinSouthKorea...A.mainB.sameC.frontD.back3.B美国的门与韩国的门进行对比,因same与different是词语同现。B.same4.(2010广东)Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,studentswhoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton28.A.soonerB.laterC.fasterD.earlier4.B因与first同现的应是later。B.later5.(2009广东)Tomakesurethathewasrememberedwithloveandrespect.Nobelarrangedinhis27togivethelargestpartofhismoneytoestablishtheNobelprizes,...Nobelhadtodiebeforeherealizedwhathislifewasreallyabout.A.bookB.articleC.willD.contract5.C与die(死),arrange(安排后事)具有相关性的词同现的应当是will(遗嘱)。C.will6.(2008广东)Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpale...A.sickB.slimC.shortD.small6.A与pale同现的单词,应是sick。A.sick7.(2007广东)AllyouneedisawebcamandyourprettyfacetoaccessyourPC.Nomore24,confusingpasswordstorememberorchangeeveryfewmonths.A.simpleB.complicatedC.specialD.useful7.B与confusing(易混的)同现的单词,应当是complicated(复杂的),共同修饰passwords。B.complicated9.(2011辽宁)ThisyearIdecidedtodosomethingtoregainmygoodnameasakindlyuncle.My36Tony,hadneverforgivenmeforthedictionaryIhadboughthimasabirthdaypresentlastyear.A.cousinB.daughterC.grandsonD.nephew9.D因nephew与前面的uncle属词语同现。D.nephew10.(2004江苏)On39days,sheworeheavyclothesandapairofwoolengloves.A.sunnyB.rainyC.cloudyD.snowy10.D与heavyclothes和woolengloves同现的,应是snowydays。D.snowy词语复现是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中重