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高考英语主语从句定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有：从属连词:that,whether；连接代词:who(whoever),whom,whose,what(whatever)和which(whichever)；连接副词:when,where,how和why。连接词：1.从属连词：that，whether1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。a.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.b.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。2.连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoever(Who,whom,which,what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whateverhedidisright.Whokilledthescientistremainsaquestion.1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。Whatweneedismoney.Thathewillcomeiscertain.2）whatever/whoever的用法（~ever=nomatter~---让步状语从句中）whatever/whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anythingthat;whoever相当于anyonewho。例如:Whoever(Anyonewho)wantstoenterintothisschoolmusttaketheexam.Whatever(Anythingthat)shedidwasright.3.连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.Wherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.4.主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1）用it作形式主语的结构A.It+be+形容词+that从句(obvious,true,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.B.It+be+名词词组+that从句(anhonour,afact,apity,etc）如：Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.C.It+be+过去分词+that从句(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,etc。）如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.D.It+不及物动词或短语+that从句(seem，happen,doesn’tmatter,turnout）。如：IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从句：a.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.b.Itwasaproblemwhethertheywouldsupportus.3）主语从句中的否定前移当用it作形式主语,而将主语从句放在句尾时,主语从句中的否定词常要前移至主句中。例如:Itdoesn’tseemthattheyarefromthesameuniversity.Itdoesn’tappearthatwe’llhaveasunnydaytomorrow.5.注意：1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词。误：Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.2）在It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required中,that从句的谓语也应该用“should+动词原形”的形式,should有时可以省略。主语从句中用陈述语序,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数.Itissuggestedthatwe(should)dotheexperimentasecondtime.3).用于Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossiblethat...句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,用“should+动词原形”的形式,should有时可以省略。Itisimportantandnecessarythatwe(should)keepthebalanceofnature.4）“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：常与其后的名词作表语一致，且根据句子的语境而定。eg：Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.5）在Itisfunny,strange,surprising,apity,ashame,nowonder,etc.+that从句中，有时谓语部分用should+动词原形，来表达说话者的感情色彩，此时should也可省略。6）语气Itbe+adj./n.+that-clause与强调句型均有Itbe...that...之类的语言标志,但不同的是:①前者中的that从句是主语从句.若删掉其中的Itbe和that,则剩余部分不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句子;但若将后者中的Itbe和that去掉,则剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.②强调句型译为汉语时可加上正是……或就是……之类的字眼,而主语从句则不可以.ItissurprisingthatMaryshouldhavewonfirstplace.令人惊奇的是玛莉竟然获得了第一名.ItisMarythathaswonfirstplace.正是玛莉得了第一名.【强调】6..主语从句的规律：例1.Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.正：Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。例2.Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.正：Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.规律二、连词that在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。例3.Ifthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.正：Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.规律三、whether可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能例4.Thatwhetherhewillhelpothersisafact.正：Thathewillhelpothersisafact.规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。例5.Whenhewillcomeareapuzzle.正：Whenhewillcomeisapuzzle.规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。1.Whatheneedsisthatbook.2.Whatheneedsaresomebooks.规律六、what引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式。规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象，用it做形式主语，而把从句放在后面。Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall.Itisknowntoallthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.1.what/thata.____hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus.b._____heturnedupatthemeetingsurprisedus.2.if/whether_______yougoorstayathomewon’tmakeanydifferences.3.itWhatapity_____is_____youdidn’tarrivebydaylight.A.there,becauseB.it,thatC.he,whenD.that,for4.nomatterhow/who/what/where/whenWearereadytodo______thecountrywantsustodo.A.whatB.whichC.nomatterwhatD.whatever5.Itisapitythatyou(should)misssuchagoodchance.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How6.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere7.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.AWhichBAsCWhatDIt8.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto9.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when10.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave11.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif12.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that13.---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.---____itmademenearlymad.A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.