17.解答完形填空的三大策略

词语同现、词语复现和逻辑推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，领会和掌握这三大策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率都大有裨益。1、词语同现词语同现是指意义上相关的词汇出现在同一语篇上，构成了以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为语义场。解答完形填空的三大策略2、词语复现词语复现指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词(如wrong,notcorrect)、上义词、下义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子正通过这种复现关系以达到相互衔接。3、逻辑推理在做完形填空时许多考生都会有这样的经历，即使他们对选项当中的每个词的意思都非常清楚，但得分不高。因为完形填空考查的是一种综合能力，不但是对词汇的考查，而且对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的推断也是完形填空考查的重点。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。•[例1]Ifanesthasfoureggsandyouremoveone,thebirdwillnotnotice.However,ifyouremovetwo,thebirdgenerallyleaves.Thismeansthatthebirdknowsthe_____betweentwoandthree.A.distanceB.rangeC.differenceD.interval解析：C通过对上文两个实验的对比，“从四个蛋中拿走一个，鸟儿不会注意到”和“从四个蛋中拿走两个，鸟儿就会发现”可推断出鸟儿是能知道“一”和“二”的区别，故选C。•[例2]Forexample,babiesaboutfourteenmonthsoldalmostalwaysnoticeifsomethingistakenawayfroma________group.Butwhenthenumbergoesbeyondthreeorfour,thechildrenareoftenfooled.A.singleB.smallC.localD.new解析：B从表转折的连词But可知，上句和下句之间是转折关系，下句提到“当数量超过三或四时，孩子就往往被愚弄到”，换句话说“数量较少时，孩子会注意到了”，故选B。请用上述三大策略解答下列各题。•1.(2013全国)MichaelGreenbergisaverypopularNewYorker.Heisnotfamousinsportsorthearts.Butpeopleinthestreets________him,especiallythosewhoarepoor.A.knowaboutB.learnfromC.cheerforD.lookafter解析：A，逻辑推理。从上文可知“Greenberg是一个很受欢迎的人”，可推断“街上的人都认识他”。故选A。即学即用•2.(2013全国)Helookslikeanyotherbusinessman,wearingasuitandcarryingabriefcase（公文箱）.Buthe’s________.Hisbriefcasealwayshassomegloves.A.calmB.differentC.crazyD.curious解析：B，逻辑推理。上文提到“他像其他商人一样，穿着西装，带着公文箱”，但是“公文箱里总是装着几双手套”，由此可推出他是不一样的。故选B。•3.(2013全国)Apairofglovesmaybea_______thing,butitcanmakeabigdifferenceinwinter.A.smallB.usefulC.delightfulD.comforting解析：A，逻辑推理。由线索词but推出，这里应选与下文big相对应的small。故选A。•4.(2013全国)Inwinter,Mr.Greenbergdoesnot________likeotherNewYorkers,wholookatthesidewalkandhurrydownthestreet.A.actB.soundC.feelD.dress解析：A，上下义复现。由下文lookatthesidewalk和hurrydownthestreet可知，look和hurry属于个人的行为表现，故选A，act和look、hurry是上下义词复现。•5.(2013全国)Itrunsinthe________.Michael’sfatheralwayshelpedthepoorashebelieveditmadeeveryonehappier.A.cityB.familyC.neighborhoodD.company解析：选B，上下义复现。选项中family是下文中提到Michael’sfather的上义词，即上下义词复现，故选B。•6.(2013江苏)Thatwaswhyshewasaloneonthe________,wearinganexpensiveswimsuit.Ithadtakenamassivetantrumtogetherparentstobuyit.Theywerebackatthebeach-house…A.beachB.bedC.floorD.ship解析：A，词语同现。下文所提到的“swimsuit”和“beach-house”与选项中的“beach”属于词语同现，故选A。•7.(2013天津)Hislovingandselflessnaturehasinspiredmetobecomemoresympatheticand________,puttingothersfirst.A.carefulB.regretfulC.considerateD.humorous解析：C，近义复现。与下文puttingothersfirst意义相近的应该是considerate，故选C。•8.(2013山东)Whenshedied,Iwas________,butIwasalsoverygratefultoher.A.homelessB.heartbrokenC.bad-temperedD.hopeless解析：B词语同现。上文提到的“die”与选项中的“heartbroken”词语同现，故选B。•9.(2013重庆)Onthatafternoon,asthemathteacherstartedtointroducedifficultconcepts,darkcloudscoveredthesky,andthestormsetin…Soonmathtimewasfollowedbythetimefor(1)________.Allchildrennaturallydrew(2)________picturesonsuchaday.(1)A.classB.sportsC.artD.tea(2)A.greatB.darkC.differentD.strange解析：前空选C，词语复现。下文中提到的“drewpicture”与选项中的“art”属于词语复现，故选C。后空选B，逻辑推理。上文中的场景提到“darkcloudscoveredthesky,andthestormsetin”，在这样的天气，孩子自然而然地会画出暗淡的图画。故选B。•10.(2013山东)IthinkmychangestartedwhenIwasatPalomarCollege.Atfirst,Ijustwantedtogetmy________andbeleftalone.A.balanceB.homeworkC.degreeD.interest解析：C，词语同现。由上文的场景atPalomarCollege可知，我只想取得自己的学位，词语同现。故选C。•11.(2013山东)Bytheendofmyfirstsemester，Iwasreally________.Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun.A.carefulB.lonelyC.curiousD.guilty解析：B，逻辑推理。由下文可知，每个人除了我都交上了朋友并玩得很开心，由此可推出我没有交上朋友，可见我是孤独的，故选B。•12.(2013天津)WhenJoewasabouttostartschool，allsignspointedtosuccess.Yetthingsturnedouttobequite________.A.unfairB.boringC.disappointingD.dangerous解析：C，逻辑推理。由转折词yet推出，选项中disappointing与上文success相对应，故选C。•13.(2013湖南)WhenIwas8yearsold，Ioncedecidedtorunawayfromhome.Withmysuitcase(1)____andsomesandwichesinabag，IstartedforthefrontdoorandsaidtoMom，“I’mleaving.”“Ifyouwantto(2)_____，that’sallright，”shesaid.(1)A.packedB.returnedC.cleanedD.repaired(2)A.dropoutB.gobyC.movearoundD.runaway解析：•(1)A，逻辑推理。由语境runawayfromhome可知，我离家出走，肯定要打包行李。故选A。•(2)B，逻辑推理。上文提到“runaway”，本空格属于词语复现，故选D。•14.(2013湖南)“Waitaminute，”Momsaid.“Iwantyour_______back.Youdidn’twearanythingwhenyouarrived.”Thisreallyangeredme.Itoremyclothesoff—shoes，socks，underwearandall...A.bagB.clothesC.sandwichesD.suitcase解析：B，原词复现。下文提到clothes，本空格属于词语复现，故选B。•15.(2013湖南)Idashedtothefrontdoorandbangedonitloudly.“Who’sthere?”Iheard.“It’sBilly!Letmein!”Thevoicebehindthe_______answered，“Billydoesn’tlivehereanymore.Heranawayfromhome.”A.houseB.treeC.doorD.yard解析：C，原词复现。上文提到了door有人敲门，接着就是门后的人回答，本空格属于词语复现。故选C。•16.(2013天津)Hishandstellthestoryofhislifeasa______，includingallhisstruggle...OnoneofthosehotmorningsIwaspickingsweetcornwithmydadtofillthelastorderfromthegrocery.A.teacherB.gardenerC.farmerD.grocer解析：C，逻辑推理。由下文的场景pickingsweetcorn可知，爸爸是一个农民，故选C。•17.(2013辽宁)...andallofasuddenshesawanamazing_________.Thereontheothersideofthevalleywasalittlehouseanditswindowsweregolden.A.hillB.valleyC.backgroundD.sight解析：D，上下义复现。选项当中的sight是下文提到的valley，house，windows的上义词，即是上下义词复现，故选D。•18.(2013四川)There，Imet14-year-oldStephanie，whose