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定语从句语法知识艳春张能可有皆切一Underlinetheattributiveclauses:Don’tforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned.Treasurethethingsthatyoucan’tget.Don'tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyouandkeepthoselostthingsinmemory.曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。ThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.ThisisthefilmwhosenameisTitanic.ThemanandthewomanwhomyouseeinthepictureareJackandLucy.Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.JackandLucyaretheheroandtheheroinewholovedeachotherverymuchinthefilm.theAttributiveClauseThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.ThisisthefilmwhosenameisTitanic.ThemanandthewomanwhomyouseeinthepictureareJackandLucy.Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.JackandLucyaretheheroandtheheroinewholovedeachotherverymuchinthefilm.theAttributiveClausewho指人，作主语whom指人，作宾语whose指物，作定语that指物，作主语which指物，作宾语语法讲解定语从句（theattributiveclause）☆被定语从句限定的词是_______，引导定语从句的词叫做________或_________。☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。在复合句中，充当_______用的从句是定语从句“先行词”“关系代词”“关系副词”形容词Beijingisthecitythat/whichhasgotthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGames.Beijingthecitygetthechancetohostthe2008OlympicGames.1.指物时只用that的情况2.只用which的情况3.关系代词as的用法4.as与which的区别5.高考考点---易混句型6.历年高考试题高考常见考点考点一：(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much等不定代词时。Isthereanythingelsethatyoudon’tunderstand?(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。Allthebooksthatyouneedarehere.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级或被最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread./Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisisthesameknife(that)Ilostyesterday.Thisistheverypen(that)sheislookingfor.(5)先行词既有人又有物时。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools(that)hehadvisited.“that”我的地盘?6.当主句的主语是是疑问词which时:Whichisthebikethatyoulostyesterday?7.当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也在从句中做表语时:Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.Beijingisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.注意:当先行词是theway时,关系词用:that/…/inwhich.way后面的定语从句way后面的定语从句的引导词有inwhichthat或不填，如：Irecognizedhe’sfromAustraliafromtheway__________________hespeaks.inwhich(that/不填)practice1.Everything___yousaytohimgoesinoneearandouttheother.2.All___isneededisasupplyofoil.3.Thetrainisthelast____willgotoShanghai.4.Theboyandthedog____areinthepictureareverylovely.5.Thefirstlesson___Ilearnedwillbeforgotten6.Theway___youaredoingitiscompletelycrazy.thatthatthatthatthatthat1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.（2008）A.whichBthatCthisD.it考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句1,逗号后面2,介词后面2.Theday______hewasbornwasAug.20,1952.A.onwhichBthatCwhichD.this考点三：关系代词as的用法☆thesame…as表示同一类人或物；thesame…that指同一个人或物1)直接引导定语从句:作用相当于whichHewaslate,as/whichisoftenthecase.Asanyonecouldseeit,theywereveryupset.2)与such连用,引起定语从句Therearenosuchwritersasyoumention.Itgavehimsuchashockthathisfaceturnedwhite.3)与same连用,引起定语从句如此……以至于Thisisthesamepen______Ilostyesterday.A.asB.thatC.theoneD.A&BD比较：...thesamepenasIlost....thesamepenthatIlost.表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支.考点四：as与which的区别★as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，★如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。Shehasbeenlateagain,_______wasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,_______madeushappy.aswhich1.which的先行词可以是名词，也可以是句子的一部分或代替整个句子；which从句不能放句首;2.as一般代替整个句子,从句则可以放句首,句中或句尾,表示“正如”，“或像…一样”。例如：asisknown,aseveryoneknows,asissaid,asoftenhappens,asyoucansee,asitis……;当先行词前有as,so,such,thesame修饰时,关系代词常用as。___isknowntousall,TaiwanisapartofChina.总结:As1).a.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesof_______wereblackwithdisease.b.Isawsometrees,theleavesof______wereblackwithdisease.2).a.Theprofessorisalittleman,onthenoseof______thereisapairofglassesb.Theprofessorisalittleman,andonthenoseof______thereisapairofglasses解题点拨:是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。themwhomwhichhim____高考考点—易混句型1.定语从句与并列句1).a.Thenews________ourvolleyballteamwonthematchmadeusexcited.b.Thenews__________hetoldmeyesterdayisexciting.2).a.Imadeapromise______ifanyonesetmefree,Iwouldmakehimveryrich.b.Themothermadeapromise___________pleasedallherchildren.that(that/which)that/whichthat解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。２.定语从句与同位语从句1)a.Itisinthisroom______Ilivedlastyear.b.Itistheroom_______Ilivedlastyear.2)a.Itwasatseveno’clock______hewenttoschoolthismorning.b.Itwasseveno’clock_______hewenttoschoolthismorning.解题点拨：强调句型：Itis/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分;去掉Itis/was….that/who…,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen３.定语从句与强调句ThoughIcan’tremembereverything____happenedduringthetimeinuniversity,Istillremembersomepeopleandthings_____wererelatedtoMissBrown,_____usedtobemonitorinourclass.Ifyouwanttoknowwhotheladyis_____Ireferredtoinmydiary,Icantellyouit’sher,MissBrown.Hereisastory______makesmerememberMissBrownuntilnow.Oneafternoon,sheandIarrivedinNewYork,______wewouldlookforwardto.Wewenttothebiggestbookshopin______thereweredifferentkindsofbookstobesold.There,thatthatwhothatthatwhichwhichshepersuadedmetoreadeverygrammarbook______couldoffermeknowledgeofgrammarandbuyadictionary_______Icouldlookupthenewwordsin.MissBrownalsoboughtthesamebooks_____Idid.Justwhenweleftthebookshopandwerereadytogobacktoouruniversity,abigmanstoppedusandrobbedmeofmyneck