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3.环境题材Environment引言环境污染与保护。牺牲环境为代价的发展会严重危及人类的生存。因此，应该在发展与保护环境中寻求一种平衡。高科技发展导致环境污染，保护环境是要人们过简单生活还是依赖科技？个人在环保中是否可以发挥作用？有人认为公司和个人，而不是政府应该为他们所造成的污染负责，是否同意？环境问题个人是无法解决的，只有企业和国家才能解决，是否同意？环境题目真题再现A类题目20050806Manypeoplesaythatwehavedevelopedintoa“throw-awaysociety”,becausewearefillingupourenvironmentwithsomanyplasticbagsandrubbishthatwecannotfullydisposeof.Towantextentdoyouagreewiththisopinion?Whatmeasurescanyourecommendtoreducethisproblem?关键词解读：环境污染中的垃圾问题20090212Developmentintechnologyleadstoenvironmentalproblems.Somepeoplethinkthatthesolutiontotheseproblemsisforeveryonetoleadasimplewayoflife,whileotherssaythattechnologycansolvetheseproblems.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.关键词解读：科技解决环境问题20090221Somethinkthatenvironmentalproblemsaretoobigforindividualstosolve,whileothersthinktheproblemscannotbesolvedunlessindividualstakesomeaction.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.关键词解读：个人解决环境问题20090711Somepeoplethinkthatcompaniesandindividuals,ratherthangovernments,shouldpaytocleanupthepollutionthattheyhavecaused.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement?关键词解读：谁来出污染处理费用20091031Theenvironmentalproblemintheworldcannotbesolvedbyordinarypeople,andgovernmentsandlargecompaniesshouldberesponsibleforthisproblem.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?关键词解读：环境问题个人还是政府解决链接机经关键词◎污染环境污染(pollution/contamination)日益严重(worsening/deteriorating)，对生态系统的平衡(ecologicalbalance)带来了威胁(poseathreatto=threaten)，如汽车带来的尾气排放(emissionofcars)造成的空气污染、温室气体(greenhousegas)带来的全球变暖(climatechange;globalwarming)。◎原因人口爆炸overpopulation——scarcityofwater——inadequatebehavior过度工业化over-industrialization——useuptheresources——ignoresustainabledevelopment过度开发overexploitation——consumethenaturalresourcesandthreatentheequilibriumofecosystem◎解决意识提升：enhancetheawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionofthegeneralpublic再度利用：reuse,recycle,renew,reproduce加强保护：strengthenthepreservation全面合作：government,societyandeveryfamilymakejointeffortsinvolvetheinternationalcooperationaswellasindividuals’effort开发能源：explorealternativeenergytoreplacethefossilfuelsexploreenvironmentally-friendlyfuel采取措施：takeharshermeasures出台法律：enact/setouttherelevantlawsworkouttheregulations教育普及：popularizetheknowledgeofenvironmentalprotectioncultivatethegoodhabitinlife媒体倡导：arousetheattentionofthepublicoftheimportanceofenvironment词汇部分environmentn.自然环境，生态环境【同源词汇】environmentaladj.环境的；environmentallyadv.有关环境方面；environmentalismn.环境保护论【经典搭配】ruintheenvironment破坏环境strengthenenvironmentalprotection加强环境保护protecttheenvironmentfromthepollution保护环境不受污染【即学即用】Economicdevelopmentisclearlyessentialforcommunities’livelihoodsandthewell-beingofnations,butisoftenasourceofharmfulenvironmentalpollution.很显然，经济发展有利于国富民强，但同时也是环境污染的源头。environmentalistn.环境论者，环保人士【即学即用】Heisanenvironmentalistwithapassionofthebiologyandgeographyoftheregion.他是一个环保人士，对这个地区的生物和地理很有热情。思路拓展环保4R的理念Reduction减量Reuse重复使用Recycling回收性Regeneration再生pollutionn.污染【同源词汇】pollutevt.污染；pollutedadj.受污染的；pollutantn.污染物【同义表达】contaminationn.污染，污染物【即学即用】Peoplewouldpayhighpricefortheenvironmentalpollutioncausedbyman-madewaste.人们会为产生的垃圾带来的环境污染付出高昂的代价。词汇拓展organicpollutants有机污染物whitepollution白色污染waterandsoilerosion水土流失endangeredwildlife濒危野生动物greenhouseeffect温室效应rubbish/garbage/trash/waste/litter垃圾chemicalpollutant化学污染物airandnoisecontamination/pollution空气和噪音污染over-industrialization过度工业化deforestation森林砍伐thedeteriorationofairquality日益恶化的空气质量contaminatevt.污染【同源词汇】contaminationn.污染，污染物；contaminantn.污染物，致污物【同义表达】pollutevt.污染【即学即用】Environmentalpollutantsfrommanydifferentsourcescontaminatewater,air,andland,puttinghumansandecosystemsatrisk.不同来源的污染物质会污染水、空气及土壤，使人类和生态系统面临威胁。思路拓展Humansarepayingtheprice（付出代价）ofthesepollutantsonmanylevels:fromdirectharmtohealththroughcancer,neurologicalimpairment（神经损害）,andotherailments（疾病）,tocontaminationofthefoodchain（污染食物链）andthefailingcapacityofecosystems（生态系统的容纳能力减弱）toabsorbwastesandprovidetheessentialsforlife.Thesecomplexandurgentproblemsrequireinnovative,flexible,andaction-oriented（以行动为导向）approachestofindingsolutions.alleviatevt.减轻，缓和【经典搭配】alleviateburdens减负alleviatepressure减压【即学即用】Onethingisforsure,thatbyusingmoreenergyefficient,wewillbehelpingtoalleviatethetollonenvironmentalandhumanhealth.可以确定通过使用更节约的能源，我们就会减少在环境和健康方面付出的代价。attheexpenseof以……为代价【同义表达】atthecostof以……为代价【即学即用】Hefinishedthejobattheexpenseofhishealth.他完成了那件工作，但却损害了健康。wasten.废物，浪费【同义表达】refusen.垃圾，废物；garbagen.垃圾，废物；rubbishn.垃圾，废物【经典搭配】garbageclassification垃圾分类【考官例句】Ithinkitistruethatinalmosteverycountrytodayeachhouseholdandfamilyproducesalargeamountofwasteeveryweek.我认为今天几乎在所有的国家，家家户户每周都要产生大量的垃圾。ecologicaln.生态，生态学【同源词汇】ecologyn.生态学【经典搭配】ecologicalbalance生态平衡ecologicalequilibrium生态平衡【即学即用】Itisnodoubtthatanimalsplayavitalroleinmaintainingtheecologicalequilibrium.毫无疑问，动物在维持自然平衡上起着重要的作用。【句架提炼】maintaintheecologicalequilibrium维持生态平衡ecosystemn.生态系统【即学即用】Therearehighlysensitiveanddelicatelybalancedecosystemsintheforest.森林里有高度敏感、灵敏平衡的各种生态系统。worsenvi.&vt.恶化，变得更坏【同源词汇】worseadj.更坏的，更差的；worseningadj.日益恶化的【同义表达】deterioratevi.恶化，变坏；vt.恶化【经典搭配】theworseningairpollution日益恶化的空气污染【即学即用】Alreadylowlivingstandardshavebeenworsenedbystrin