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Lesson2AstoryofsuccessIntroductionofHellenKellerIn1882,ababygirlcaughtafeverthatwassofierce,shenearlydied.Shesurvivedbutthefeverleftitsmark—shecouldnolongerseeorhear.Becauseshecouldnothearshealsofounditverydifficulttospeak.ThisbabygirlwasHellenKeller.Sohowdidthischild,blindedanddeafenedat19monthsold,growuptobecomeaworld-famousauthorandpublicspeaker?1882年，一名女婴因高发烧差点丧命。虽幸免于难，但发烧给她留下了后遗症——她再也看不见、听不见。因为听不见，她想讲话也变得很困难。这个女孩便是海伦凯勒。那么这样一个在19个月时就既盲又聋的孩子，是如何成长为享誉世界的作家和演说家的呢？Thefevercutherofffromtheoutsideworld,deprivingherofsightandsound.Itwasasifshehadbeenthrownintoadarkprisoncellfromwhichtherecouldbenorelease.高烧将她与外界隔开，使她失去了视力和声音。她仿佛置身在黑暗的牢笼中无法摆脱。Luckily,Hellenwasnotsomeonewhogaveupeasily.Soonshebegantoexploretheworldbyusingherothersenses.Shefollowedhermotherwherevershewent,hangingontoherskirts,shetouchedandsmelledeverythingshecameacross.Shecopiedtheiractionsandwassoonabletodocertainjobsherself,likemilkingthecowsorkneadingdough,sheevenlearnttorecognizepeoplebyfeelingtheirfacesortheirclothes.Shecouldalsotellwhereshewasinthegardenbythesmellofthedifferentplantsandthefeelofthegroundunderherfeet.万幸的是海伦并不是个轻易认输的人。不久她就开始利用其它的感官来探查这个世界了。她跟着母亲，拉着母亲的衣角，形影不离。她去触摸，去嗅各种她碰到的物品。她模仿别人的动作且很快就能自己做一些事情，例如挤牛奶或揉面。她甚至学会摸别人的脸或衣服来识别对方。她还能闻不同的植物和触摸地面来辨别自己在花园的位置。Bytheageofsevenshehadinventedover60differentsignsbywhichshecouldtalktoherfamily,ifshewantedbreadforexample,shewouldpretendtocutaloafandbuttertheslices.Ifshewantedicecreamshewrappedherarmsaroundherselfandpretendedtoshiver.Helenwasunusualinthatshewasextremelyintelligentandalsoremarkablysensitive.Byherowneffortsshehadmanagedtomakesomesenseofanalienandconfusingworld.Butevensoshehadlimitations.`七岁的时候她发明了60多种不同的手势，用来和家里人交流。比如她若想要面包，就会做出切面包和涂黄油的动作。想要冰淇淋时她会用手裹住自己装出发抖的样子。海伦在这方面非比一般，她绝顶的聪明又相当敏感。通过努力她对这个陌生且迷惑的世界有了一些知识。Asshegotolderherfrustrationgrewandherragesbecameworseandworse.Shebecamewildandunruly.Ifshedidn'tgetwhatshewantedshewouldthrowtantrumsuntilherfamilygavein.Herfavouritetricksincludedgrabbingotherpeople'sfoodfromtheirplatesandhurlingfragileobjectstothefloor.Oncesheevenmanagedtolockhermotherintothepantry.Eventuallyitbecameclearthatsomethinghadtobedone.So,justbeforeherseventhbirthday,thefamilyhiredaprivatetutor—AnneSullivan.随着年龄的增长她的怒气越为越大，她变得狂野不驯。倘若她得不到想要的东西就会大发脾气直到家人顺从。她惯用的手段包括抓别人盘里的食物以及将易碎的东西猛扔在地。有一次她甚至将母亲锁在厨房里。这样一来就得想个办法了，于是，在她快到七岁生日时，家里便雇了一名家庭教师——安尼·沙利文。AnnewascarefultoteachHelenespeciallythosesubjectsinwhichshewasinterested.AsaresultHelenbecamegentlerandshesoonlearnttoreadandwriteinBraille.Shealsolearnttoreadpeople'slipsbypressingherfinger-tipsagainstthemandfeelingthemovementandvibrations.ThismethodiscalledTadomaanditisaskillthatvery,veryfewpeoplemanagetoacquire.Shealsolearnttospeak,amajorachievementforsomeonewhocouldnothearatall.安尼悉心地教授海伦，特别是她感兴趣的东西。这样海伦变得温和了而且很快学会了用布莱叶盲文朗读和写作。用手指接触说话人的嘴唇去感受运动和震动，她又学会了触唇意识。这种方法被称作泰德马，是一种很少有人掌握的技能。她也学会了讲话，这对失聪的人来说是个巨大的成就。Helenprovedtobearemarkablescholar,oneofthetop10heroesin20thAmerica.GraduatingwithhonoursfromRadcliffeCollegein1904.Shehadphenomenalpowersofconcentrationandmemory,aswellasadoggeddeterminationtosucceed.Whileshewasstillatcollegeshewrote‘TheStoryofMyLife'.Thiswasanimmediatesuccessandearnedherenoughmoneytobuyherownhouse.海伦证明了自己是个出色的学者，是20世纪美国十大英雄偶像之一。1904年她以优异的成绩从拉德克利夫学院毕业。她有惊人的注意力和记忆力，同时她还具有不达目的誓不罢休的毅力。上大学时她就写了《我的生命》，这使她取得了巨大的成功。HelenKellerhadavividsayingthat”Whenapersonfeeltheurgetofly,hewillnolongerbesatisfiedwithcrawling”.Itisjustbecauseofbigdreamsandfaith,shehadtakenonthelifechallengeandworkedwondersinlife.海伦•凯勒有这样一句非常形象而生动的话：“当一个人感觉到有高飞的冲动时，他将再也不会满足于在地上爬。”正是有了远大的理想，正是有一种信念，她接受了生命的挑战，创造了生命的奇迹。object1.n.物体，物品海伦学会了把物体和单词联系在一起。Helenlearnedtoassociateobjectswithwords.2.n.目标;目的Ourobjectistoknowthetruth.我们的目的是了解事实真相。3.n.宾语•作Vi.，“完成（某件困难的事）“通常用法是managetodosth.设法成功地做某事TheteachermanagedtocommunicatewithHelen.老师终于可以与海伦沟通了。Wemanagedtogetthereintime.我们设法及时赶到了那里。•作Vt.管理；经营；负责Thegirlisgoodatmanaginghermoney.这个女孩善于理财。manage•总结，概括Thenhesummedupouropinions.然后，他总结了一下我们大家的意见。Helen‘sownideatolifecanbesummedupbyheradvicetoafive-year-oldblindchildin1932.从1932年海伦给一个五岁盲童的忠告中，我们可以总结出她对生活的态度。sumsumup总结，概括insum总之，总而言之Task3Sendforsb.请某人来Breakthrough突破Associate…with…把…与…联系在一起Indeed[ɪn‘diːd]adv.的确；确实bend弯曲，屈服