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1小学英语语法一、字母(1)字母：（大小写）辨认、书写顺序:AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz.(2)元音字母：Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu字母音素表：AaHhJjKkEeBbCcDdGgPpTtVvIiYyOoUuQqWwFfLlMmNnSsXxZzRr(3)书写容易错误的字母：E,F,G,M,N,d,i,p,q,x,y.(4)字母代表的专有名词：BBC,NBA,UN,UK，ABC，USA,am,pm,kg,cm,等。二、名词可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。可数名词复数规则：1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：2man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如somewater）,不能与不定冠词连用。写出下列各词的复数photo____________diary____________day_____________dress_______________thief___________yo-yo___________peach___________juice________________water___________rice_____________tea______________man____________woman_________banana________bus___________child____________foot_______sheep____________leaf(树叶)________dish____________knife_______pen____________boy__________baby___________map_____________city____________box__________book___________class____________eye____________office________car____________fox(狐狸)___________watch____________library________pear___________skirt____________shelf_____________cinema__________tomato_________tooth____________wife____________Englishman________paper__________milk___________Frenchman___________postman__________family__________mouse__________people(人们)__________fish_________brush________mango__________Japanese____________sandwich__________policeman____________watermelon______________Chinese_____________strawberry___________match_________________glass__________三、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。人称代词物主代词3主格宾格形容词性名词性我Ime我的mymine你，你们youyou你的，你们的youryours他hehim他的hishis她sheher她的herhers它itit它的itsits我们weus我们的ourours他（她，它）们theythem他（她，它）们的theirtheirs一.填写代词表Iitweyouthemhisyourhers二.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)3.Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it'snot_________.(I)4._________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)5._________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you)6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?(she)7.Icanfindmytoy,butwhere's_________?(you)8.Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)9.Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it)10.Arethese_________tickets?No,_________arenot_________._________aren'there.(they)11.Shall_________havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis_________classroom.(we)12._________ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job?_________anurse.(she)13.Thatisnot_________camera._________isathome.(he)14.Whereare_________?Ican'tfind_________.Let'scall_________parents.(they)15.Don'ttouch_________._________notacat,_________atiger!16._________sisterisill.Pleasegoandget_________.(she)17._________don'tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell_________.(we)18.Somanydogs.Let'scount_________.(they)19.Ihavealovelybrother._________isonly3.Ilike_________verymuch.(he)20.MayIsitbeside_________?(you)21.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon_________.(it）22.Thegirlbehind_________isourfriend.(she)4三、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。1.Thisis（my/I）mother.2.Nicetomeet（your/you）.3.（He/His）nameisMark.4.What’s（she/her）name?5.Excuse（me/my/I）.6.Are（your/you）MissLi?7.（I/My）amBen.8.（She/Her）ismysister.9.Fine,thank（your/you）.10.Howoldis（he/his）四、单项选择。()1.Myunclegaveanewbiketo________.A.theirsB.theyC.meD.I()2.Thisisaphotoof_____family.MayIhaveoneof______?A.yours;myB.my;yoursC.your;myD.yours;mine()3.Here’sapostcardforyou,Jim!—Oh,___isfromMary.A.heB.itC.sheD.it’s()4.Theyasked_______somequestions________English.A.me;aboutB.I;aboutC.I;withD.me;with()5.Help________answerthequestions.A.IB.myC.meD.mine()6.Thesearemybooks.Whereare________?A.theirB.theirsC.myD.your五、改错1.Minewalletisonthebed.2.Thisisn’tMike’swatch,it’sher.3.Isthisyourteapot?No,it’stheirsteapot.4.Whosecombisit?It’sour.六、用适当的物主代词填空1.Thisis____(my)book.____(your)isinthebag.2.Theclassroomis(our).3.Arethesewatches____(her)?No.____(her)watchesareathome.4.Theyaren’t____(his)teapots.Theyare____(their).5.Thebigmirroris(his).6.Thatisnot____(my)comb.It’s____(her).7.Isthiscalculator_____(your)?8.Thishairdryerisn’tmysister’s.It’s_____(my).七、根据中文提示，用代词的适当形式填空。1、Thereisanewdressfor________(他的)sister.2、Thisis_____(我的)wallet._________(我的)isred.3、________(谁的)calculatorsarethese?_______(他们)are______(我们的).4、Give_______（她）atoy,please.55、________(你们的)eyesareblack._______（你们）comefromJapan.6、TimandBillaretwins._______（他们）arefromEngland.Show_____（他们）around______(我们的)school.7、Givethebookto__________(我).8、Thesebooksare__________(他的).__________(他的)booksarenew.四、名词所有格：1、名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。如：Childern’sDay(儿童节),mysister’sbook(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复