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Module5GreatpeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaGrammar:Theattributiveclauses定语从句Readthesentencesbelowandunderlinetheattributiveclauses.1.AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.2.Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.3.Confuciusisthephilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatest.4.Moziwasanotherteacherwhowasveryinfluential.5.Hecamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.amachinethat/whichJointhefollowingsentences:Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.that/who/whomThegirl定语从句定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。被定语所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句三要素：先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句：一般紧跟在先行词之后的从句。Eg1:Themanwholivesnexttousisateacher.先行词关系词定语从句，放于先行词之后主句：Themanisateacher.Eg2:Thebookthatyouwantisonthedesk.先行词关系词主句：Thebookisonthedesk.二、关系词的用法：关系词1、关系代词2、关系副词:1）指人：that,who,whom,whose2）指物：that,which,whosewhen,where,why引导定语从句是用关系副词还是关系代词，要看关系词在从句中充当的成份。若充当状语，则用关系副词；若充当主语或宾语，则用关系代词。（一）关系代词的用法：1、指人：whowhomthatwhoseExamples:Sheisthegirl_________sellsflowers.Hereistheman_______________youarelookingfor.Ihaveafriend______fatherisadoctor.主语/（宾语）（宾语）主语/（宾语）定语（表所属关系）who/thatwhom/who/that)(2、指物：thatwhichwhoseExamples:Footballisagame_____________islikedbymostboys.Thisisthepen_____________Iboughtyesterday.Ilikethebook_______coverisred.主语/（宾语）主语/（宾语）定语（相当于ofwhich）which/that()which/thatwhose（二）关系副词的用法：when,where,why1、when,在从句中作时间状语，先行词是表时间的n.。Eg:I’llneverforgettheday____________Ijoinedthearmy.2、where,在从句中作地点状语，先行词是表地点的n.。Eg:Tianjinistheplace____________Iwasborn.=介词+which口语中可用that代替when/onwhichGrammar2介词+关系代词的情况1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin总结：可见,介词可前可后。介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasasinger.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin××Arethesetwosentencesright?总结：可见,who、that不能用与介词之后介词+关系代词的情况4Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.总结：在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?1.Thisisthecar____whichIboughtlastyear.2.Thisisthecar____whichIpaid100$.3.Thisisthecar____whichIspent100$.4.Thisisthecar____whichIgotoworkeveryday.5.Thisisthecar_________whichIcan’tgotowork.6.Thisisthecar____whichtheoldmanwasknockeddown7.Thisisthecar____whichaboythrewastone.8.Thisisthecar_________whichwetalked.9.Thisisthecar____whichthewindowwasbrokenFillintheblanks---foronbywithoutbyataboutof