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2010年第5卷（4）109①1998200771072160ChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）110-12199320042010年第5卷（4）111ParkChan1989Shugan1994Bathla200320042005a20072007Riddle19861993Dixit-Stigliz1977D-SEthier1982D-SC-DMarkusen1989Ethier1982C-D2004ChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）112Francois1990GlasmeierHowland1994AbrahamTaylor1996Marrewijk1997Ethier1982H&OMarkusen1989RaffRuhr2001FDIFDIFDI1976199525FDIFDIFDIFeenstraHanson1996AntrasHelpman2003Andersson2004-2005bMarrewijk19972007CicconeHall199612010年第5卷（4）1131993Markusen19892Dixit-Stigliz1977Ethier198231993Francois1990Marrewijk1997CicconeHall19962005a20071Young19282000Young1928ShiYang19951993Marrewijk1997CicconeHall1996ShiYangDixit-Stigliz1977Ethier1982Markusen1989Francois1990Marrewijk1997CicconeHall1996GlasmeierHowland(1994)RaffRuhr(2001)FeenstraHanson(1996),AntrasHelpman(2003)Andersson(2004)ChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）114199522005b200720082000ShiYang1995Young1928Young1928Young1928ShiYang1995ShiYang1995ShiYang19952010年第5卷（4）1151993Francois1990Marrewijk1997CicconeHall19962005a20072007ShiYang19951993Young19281993MM-zzzzxyxyxwzmaxln()dUzkz=+（1）11113333..max{,()(),()(),()()()}psddddzzzzstzzzlykylxkxlykyxkxlαααα=+=−+−+−++−（2）12()max{()(),0}psdwxxxxwkwlθα=+=+−（3）()max{(),0}pswyyyylθα=+=−（4）()max{(),0}psθα=+=−（5）24xyzwllll+++=（6）1zkzChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）116zdzz2zszzxyxyxyxydxdyxyα3xxsxxw45yw36ili=x,y,z()1wθ41AAzyAzyxwAzxwxywAzxyw()ln(24)Uzα=−，24242()ln()ln3ln()934Uzywαθ−=++，442(243)()ln()ln3ln[]939Uzxwwαθ−=++，2511244()ln()ln3ln2ln()33611Uzxywwαθ−=+++；2Byzyz()42()lnln(24)ln2ln333wUBkθα=+−+−；3Czyxwyzxw()11215()2lnln(242)lnln3ln26333wUCkθα=+−+−−；ShiYang1995772010年第5卷（4）1174D4xyzw1113()3lnln(24)ln2lnln3()622UDkwθα=+−++；1()1411(242)lnln2ln35ln2[lnln(24)]9411wkαθα−=++++−，2()4711lnlnln3ln2[ln(242)ln(24)]555wkθαα=+−+−−−，3()1633lnln2ln3ln2ln(242)924wkθα=+−−−，4()5ln2ln3311ln2lnln(24)ln(242)224wkθαα+=++−−−，5()3ln3ln(242)lnlnln22wkαθ−−=+−，6()2ln3ln25ln3lnln(24)39wkθα−=+−−；1α∈(0,0.92)∈(0.92,3.57)lnk1lnk12(ln,ln)kk2lnk3lnk32(ln,ln)kk2lnk()Uzxyw()UC()UD()Uzy()UC()UDα∈(3.57,7.8)∈(7.8,23.5)∈(23.5,24)lnk4lnk42(ln,ln)kk2lnk5lnk5lnk6lnk6lnk()Uz()UC()UD()Uz()UB()Uz()UD2()Uz111()Uzy222()Uzxyw444()UB212()UC423()UD414ChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）118121(0,0.92)α∈1lnlnkk()Uzxyw44112ln(ln,ln)kkk∈()UC1→41→34→22lnlnkk()UD2→12→43→42α(0.92,3.57)∈3lnlnkk()Uzxyw()Uzy2232ln(ln,ln)kkk∈()UC12→42→32lnlnkk()UD2→43→43(3.57,7.8)α∈4lnlnkk()Uz142ln(ln,ln)kkk∈()UC1→21→41→32lnlnkk()UD2→43→44(7.8,23.5)α∈5lnlnkk()Uz15lnlnkk()Uz()UC2010年第5卷（4）1191→21→41→35(23.5,24)α∈6lnlnkk()Uz15lnlnkk()Uz()UD11→41→45()UB()UC()UDln()wθ3ln()wθMarrewijk1997CicconeHall19962005a2007115ABCyzBCD0lnw2lnw3lnwθθθ→→→()()()ChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）1202003-xyzxy2maxln()()ddUxkxyky=++711..max{,()}PsadbaxxstxxxLzkzL=+=+822max{,()}PsadbayyyyyLzkzL=+=+91111()psawzzzzLθ=+=1022()pawzzLθ=11121xyzzLLLL+++=12137kxyxydxdyxy89xy1z2zxyab1asxsyxy10111z2zk1z2z11122112ln2Ua=−2b2()lnln2ln2ln2(1)4wkUabbabbθ=++−+21UU=sdyxPyPx=sdxyPxPy=2010年第5卷（4）121'222(1)2102(1)aababkbbθ−+−−=+，000,0kkab∂∂∂∂，00kθ∂∂'0kk12UU'0kk12UU1xM-11z3zy2003maxln()dUxkx=+141133..[()()]PsddaxstxxxzkzzkzLβρρρ=+=+++151111()psawzzzzLθ=+=163333()psawzzzzLθ=+=17131xzzLLL++=181915x1z3zk1z3zβ,(0,1)ρβ∈11133[()()]ddzmzznzρρρ+++C-D23a1z3zxx1z1z3zxx1z3z3()ln(ln2ln)(1)ln(1)wUkθββββ=+++−−4,1z3zx1z3zx33sdzxPzPx=11sdzxPzPx=ChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）1224()12ln(1)ln2(ln2ln)(1)ln(1)wUkθβββββρ=+−+++−−令43UU=，可以解得交易效率的临界值：'111(1)ln2kβθρ−=−，'10kβ∂∂（当'1kk时，34UU；'1kk时，34UU）β221212010年第5卷（4）123TRFIED3.12200734GDP51998~200731GDP1998GDP01lnlnititititmapsββε=++（20）其中，lnitma地区i在第t年工业产值的自然对数值；lnps分别为生产性服务业的自然对数值；0β、1β为系数项，系数预期为正；itε为误差项。2004ChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）1241.clusteranalysishierarchicalclusteranalysisQSPSS16.032.HausmanFRedundantFixedEffectsGLSperiodweights12010年第5卷（4）1254Tp2.85410.29039.83280.00000.81820.17104.70340.00000.80220.18524.33180.00010.93780.16955.53140.00000.70670.12525.64570.00000.77260.13865.57390.00000.78040.09335.15050.00000.73670.13385.50570.0000R20.9920R20.9890F324.9476D-W1.65915Tp1.85230.375710.25390.00000.73070.15904.59500.00000.34160.12002.84780.00620.71070.14304.97030.00000.65870.14604.51050.00000.64340.29913.48850.00120.48540.24631.97070.05570.56670.19282.93970.00540.31940.07324.36210.00010.63910.20723.08400.00370.66570.12525.31720.00000.36320.08854.10500.00020.35060.09933.53110.00110.45310.10367.26690.00000.40790.05088.03700.00000.66080.10606.23400.00000.41480.05927.01110.00000.56480.10845.21320.00000.38300.07175.34120.00000.23920.03327.19990.00000.70440.17635.13040.00000.48590.08056.03490.00000.31270.17745.14510.00000.62220.24734.13300.00010.52140.23883.44040.0011R20.9988R20.9984F66828.91D-W1.8303ChinaManagementStudiesvolume5（4）1262FD-W5%2.85410.750.931.85230.20.70.23920.730721998~20076Tp1.08800.031234.87220.00000.28600.03747.65120.00000.04280.0227-1.88770.0612R20.9999R20.9999F14781.80D-W2.03037Tp0.40900.04109.97820.00000.12040.02135.65000.00000.02190.01311.67660.0982R20.9995R20.9994F8426.465D-W1.87932010年第5卷（4）1271.08800.28600.04280.4