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SubjectClauses主语从句1．引导主语从句的连接词有三类：(1)连词that、whether:(从属连词）在从句中不作任何成分Whetherwegobytrainorbyboatmakesnodifference.Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语.Whatshedidisnotyetknown.Whowillwritethepoemhasnotbeendecidedyet.Whateverhedidisright.Whoeverbreakstheruleshouldbepunished.Whowillgomakesnodifference.Whomshelovesisclearenough.她爱的是谁已经够清楚了。Whosewalletwasstolenmustbemadeclear.谁的钱包被偷了必须被搞清楚。(2)连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词在从句中充当主语，宾语,表语或定语，不能省略。3)连接副词when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。它们在句中充当状语，不能省略。此类主语从句也可以用带有形式主语it的句子转换。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Howthepyramidswerebuiltisstillamystery.主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.A.It+系动词+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,unlikely,certain,probable,necessary,right,wrong,important,certain,clear,strange，etc.)+that从句。如：Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.B.It+系动词+名词词组+that从句(nowonder,nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,ashame,goodnews,afact,etc.)+that从句。如：It’snowonderthatyouhaveachievedsomuchsuccess.真可惜你没出席昨天的讲座。It’sapitythatyoudidn’tattendthelectureyesterday2.用it作形式主语的结构C.It+be+过去分词(said,told,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,heard,suggested，etc.)+that从句。翻译成：据…(说/报道/认为/预测/决定/通知/安排/听说/建议）如：ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.It+特殊不及物动词+that从句It+（seems/-ed,appears/-ed,happens/-ed,）+thatItseemsthatyouareagainst(反对)theplan.你似乎反对这个计划。IthappenedtomethatIhadbeenawaywhenyoucalled.E.It+doesn’tmatter(makesnodifference,etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如：Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.注：在主语从句中用来表示“惊奇，不相信，惋惜，理应如此，要求，建议”等语气时，谓语动词用“should+do”it’snecessary/important/strange/natural/+thatsb.shoulddosthItisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that。。。Itissuggested(requested,proposed提议，desired请求)thatsb.shoulddosth.学生上课认真听讲是很重要的。Itisimportantthatthestudentsshouldlistencarefullyinclass.主语从句是英语写作中经常使用的句型，它常常借助于形式主语it，请用it改写以下句子：1.Thattheearthgoesaroundthesunisknowntousall.Itisknowntousallthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.2.Thatheknowsnothingaboutitisstrange.Itisstrangethatheknowsnothingaboutit.3.Whenfloodstuckthewesternareaswasn’treported.Itwasn’treportedwhenfloodstuckthewesternareas.1.“if”一般不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。3.主语从句的“that”一般不能省。4.主语从句需注意的问题2.主语从句中用陈述语序但what从句做主语，谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，1）常与其后的名词作表语一致2）要视句子的意义而定WhatIneedmoney.(be)WhatIneedbooks.Whatyousaidofgreatimportance.isareis主语从句作主语时，主句谓语动词一般用。(单数/复数)单数形式二.主句谓语注意if/whether引导的主语从句表示“是否”意义时whether引导的主语从句可以放于句首、句末，if引导的主语从句不能位于句首；但如果有形式主语it引导时，两者都可用。Whethertheworkcanbecompletedontimeisdoubtful.It’sdoubtfulwhether/iftheworkcanbecompletedontime.______________位置：一般在，it形式主语要放到后面连接词特点(词义，成分)主语从句语序：主句谓语：SubjectClausethat只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，不充当任何成分，但不能省略。引导主语从句“是否”句首只能用whether,不充当从句的任何成分。it形式主语中可以用if。有词义，并在从句中充当成分。主语从句应使用陈述句语序thatwhetherhow,wh-一般用单数，what做连接词应据情况而定句首主语从句1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Nomatterwholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.5.Ifthepolicemenwillcomeisnotcertain.weshallThatyouhaveItisWhoeverWhether改错练习1.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?A．whereB．whatC．howD．which2.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how3.Fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which4.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How5.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere6.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.a.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingto1.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?A．whereB．whatC．howD．which2.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how3.Fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which（D）(B)(B）4.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How5.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere6.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.a.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingto7.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto8.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when9.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave1.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster_____hehaddonethedaybefore.2.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtis_____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseirousdiseasesoon.3._____isnopossibility______Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.4._____shecouldn’tunderstandwas________fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.5.French,GermanandSpanisharetaughtinourcollege.Youmaychoose____youlike.whatwhetherTherethatWhatwhywhich6.Don