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第1页共60页沈阳吴军英语高分密码我有卖给你QQ14207825922012高考英语考点汇总知识点But在高考中的四个考点解析一、直接考查连词but在语境中的用法即要求考生根据试题的语境（看其是否有转折意味）来确定连词but的正确使用。这类考题通常会将连词but与连词and，so，or等结合起来考查。同学们做题时要注意比较，尤其要注意比较各个连词填入句子后，比较句意的逻辑性和通畅性。如：1.Youhavefailedtwotests.You'dbetterstartworkingharder，_______youwon'tpassthecourse.A.andB.soC.butD.or2.Theywantedtocharge$5，000forthecar，_________wemanagedtobringthepricedown.A.butB.soC.whenD.since3.-Somebodywantsyouonthetelephone.-_________nooneknowsI'mhere.A.ForB.AndC.ButD.So二、利用but的转折语境考查其他知识点即根据题干中连词but的转折性语境来确定相关知识点的选择。此时尤其要注意前后相关信息的对比、对照或互为相反义。如：1.Hehasmadealotoffilms，but_________goodones.A.anyB.someC.fewD.many2.It'shardforhimplayingagainstme.I'vegotnothingtoplayfor，butforhim，heneedstowinso_________.A.farB.wellC.littleD.badly3.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel，butperhapsI_________havedrivenherthere.A.couldB.mustC.mightD.should三、考查but的相关结构或句式如考查not…but…，notonly…but（also）…等句式的搭配和运用。如：1.Betweenthetwogenerations，itisoftennottheirage，_________theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.A.likeB.asC.orD.but2.Realityisnotthewayyouwishthingstobe，northewaytheyappeartobe，_________thewaytheyactuallyare.A.asB.orC.butD.and四、考查连词but与定语从句的相互干扰大家知道，在含有定语从句的复合句中，我们是不能在主句与从句之间使用并列连词的。但是，命题者有时却会利用连词but与定语从句的相互干扰性来考查考生的辨别能力。如：1.Idon'tmindhercriticizingme，but_________ishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which2.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday，but_________didn'thelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.heBreak常见短语及考点解析1.Thecomputersystem_____suddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.（2006年辽宁卷）A.brokedownB.brokeoutC.brokeupD.brokein2.Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence，youmustbreakit_____intoparts.（2005年湖北卷）A.downB.upC.offD.out3.Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefire_____，andthenitspreadquickly.（2006年广东卷）第2页共60页A.brokeoutB.putoutC.cameoutD.gotout.以上三题都是考查break短语的用法，本文在此对其做一归纳。1.breakdown（1）破坏，毁掉；Whobrokedownthedoorsofourclassroom？谁把我们教室的门打坏了？（2）破除；Theoldrulesmustbebrokendown.这些陈旧的规章制度必须废除。（3）制服；Thepolicetriedtobreakdowntheprisoners'opposition.警方设法制服囚犯的反抗。（4）坍塌，坏掉；Becauseofexplosionthebridgebrokedownlastnight.（5）（计划等）失败，破裂；Yourplanhasbrokendown.Whatapity！Whydidthepeacetalksbreakdown？为什么和谈失败了？（6）（健康、精神）崩溃；Afteralongtimeofhardwork，healmostbrokedown.（7）分解Thismatterwillbreakdowninwater.这种物质在水中会分解。2.breakup（1）解散，驱散。如：Thepolicebrokeupthecrowd（themeeting）。（2）（学校等）放假。如：WhendoyoubreakupforChristmas？你们什么时候放圣诞节假？（3）结束，破裂。如：Theweathershowssignsofbreakingup.好天气看样要过去了。Theirmarriageisbreakingup.他们的婚姻濒临破裂。（4）击碎，撞碎。如：Theshipbrokeupontherocks.船触礁撞毁了。Let'sbreakupthewholeintoparts.让我们化整为零。（5）绝交。如：She'sjustbrokenupwithherboy-friend.她刚与男朋友绝交。3.breakin破门而入，打断Lastnightathiefbrokeinandstoleawayhiscamera.Hebrokeinwithsomeideasofhisown.他插了话，说了说自己的一些看法。4.breakinto破门而入，突然……起来Theybrokeintotheprisonandsetfreealltheprisoners.。Hearingthesadnews，theoldwomanbrokeintotears.5.breakout战争爆发，争吵爆发,（火灾）发生Whendidthewarbreakout？这场战争是什么时候爆发的？Ihaveheardthataquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthem.我听说他们之间爆发了争吵。Morethanonehundredfiresbrokeoutinourcitylastyear.去年我市发生了一百多起火灾。6.breakawayfrom打破陈规；奋力挣脱；放弃习惯Youmustbreakawayfromtheseoldcustoms.你们必须破除这些旧风俗。Thedogbrokeawayfromitsownerandranaway.狗挣脱了主人，跑了。You'dbetterbreakawayfromthehabitofsmoking.你最好改掉吸烟的习惯。7.breakthrough出现，突破Itwasacloudyday，butthesunatlastbrokethrough.Oursoldierssuccessfullybrokethroughtheenemy'sdefences.8.breakintopieces破成碎片Themirrorfelltothegroundandbrokeintopieces.9.breakone'sword/promise食言，说话不算数Ibelieveinhim，becauseheneverbreakshisword/promise.我信任他，因为他从来不食言。10.breakthelaw/rule违反法律/规章制度Nobodycanbreaktherulesofourcompany.没有人能违背我们公司的规章制度。11.breakforth突然发出，爆发，迸发，发作Thecrowdbrokeforthincheers.欢呼声从人群中迸发出来。12.breakintwo使破成两半WhenIhittheball，mybatbrokeintwo.13.breaktherecord打破纪录Thisathletehasjustbrokentheworldrecordinmen'shighjump.14.breakone'sheart使某人心碎，使某人悲痛欲绝第3页共60页Totellyouthetruth，thebadnewsbrokemyheartatthattime.说实话，那时这个坏消息使我悲痛万分。Take高考常考短语及考点解析一、短语归纳1.takeafter长相或举止像（某个长辈）（不用进行时）Maryreallytakesafterhermother；shehasthesameeyes，noseandhair.2.takeapart把（小型机器、钟表等）拆开；拆散；（在体育运动或比赛中）把……彻底打败；对……苛求；严厉批评Takethewatchapartandseeifyoucanseewhat‘swrongwithit.EnglandwasreallytakenapartbyItalyinlastnight‘smatch.3.takeas看作，认为（=regard/consider/lookon/treat……as）Itookyournodasasignofapproval.我把你的点头看作是同意的表示了。4.takeaway拿走；使停学，使离开；使消失；减去Thechildwastakenaway（辍学）fromschool.NowI‘llgiveyousometabletstotakeaway（使消失）thepain.Takeaway（减去）2from4andyouget2.takeawayfrom贬低（有益或令人满意之事物）的作用Hisrefusaltoaccepttheprizedoesnottakeawayfromhissuccessinwinningit.5.takeback承认说错了（话），收回（诺言、话语）；使回忆起；送回，还回去；退（货）I‘msorryIwasrude；ItakebackeverythingIsaid.对不起我失礼了，我承认我所说的全都错了。Seeingthatoldfilmreallytookmeback！观看那部旧电影的确使我回想起了过去的岁月。6.takedown拿下，取下；记下来；褪下（裤子等穿于腰以下的衣物）；把（大型机器或大物件）拆成零部件；把……拆卸开（teardown推倒；拆毁pulldown拆毁）Whenthepicturewastakendown，thewalllookedverybare.We‘llhavetotaketheenginedowntogettothegearbox.7.takein接待（某人）留宿；欺瞒，欺骗；充分理解，掌握；把（衣服）改窄（letout加宽，放长，加大）；包含，包括Hehadnowheretosleepsoweofferedtotakehimin.Don‘tbetakeninbyhispromises.不要被他的许诺所蒙骗！Ittookmealongtimetotakeinwhatyouweresaying.我费了好长时间才弄明白你所说的话。Mydressisabitlooseroundthewaist—couldyoutakeitinforme？Thisisthetotalcostofth