新课标名词性从句高考考点

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名词性从句解题思路及考点聚焦一解题思路1.先找出复合句中主句的谓语动词,然后根据该从句在复合句中的位置来判断其属于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中的哪一种。名词性从句相当于名词,可以作为主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。2“先成分后含义”-------先分析引导词在从句中的成分,之后靠含义直接翻译即可。C:若做状语成分,引导词用when,where,why,how,how+形容词或副词。B:若不做任何成分,引导词用that,if,whether(是否),只起连接作用,不能省略A若做名词性成分(即主语、宾语、表语、定语),引导词用what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever•ThisiswhyIdidn’tcome.•Nobodyknowswhatyousaid•Idon’tagreewithwhatyousaid.Theideathatwe’llgooutforapicnicisgreat。•Whatyousaidistrue.小结:(1)主语从句一般在主句之前,除了it做形式主语外.(2)表语从句位于系动词之后(3)宾语从句位于及物动词或介词之后(4)同位语从句位于名词之后,但注意区分定语从句和同位语从句。1.名词性从句的语序问题2.引导词that与what区别3.it在名词性从句中做形式主语或形式宾语的用法4.whether与if区别5.疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句和nomatter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6.名词性从句的虚拟语气的问题二名词性从句考点聚焦2.引导词that与what区别:what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语,定语和表语,引导主语从句时,其谓语动词的单复数依句意而定;that不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用,无任何意义,引导主语从句时,常用it做形式主语,谓语动词用单数;引导宾语从句时常被省略。另外,that从句一般不做介词的宾语,但in,except,but,besides除外。inthat:“因为…”;exceptthat“除了…”;butthat:“要不是…”。1.名词性从句的语序问题:定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句都是陈述句语序。__isknowntousallisthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.__isknowntousallthatthe2012Olympic…__isknowntousall,the2012Olympic…AItBWhatCAsDWhichCABwhat引导主语从句,并在从句中做主语。It做形式主语,真正主语是that从句。as引导非限定语从句,并在从句中做主语。3(1)it做形式主语,放在句首,真正主语是that引导的主语从句。常用句型如下:Itis/was+n(apity,anhonour,asurprise…)+that从句Itis/was+adj(important,natural,necessary…)+that从句Itis/was+动词过去分词(said,reported,thought,believed…)+that从句It+不及物动词(appear,seem,happen…)+that从句(2)某些动词find,think,make,consider等后面可以用it做形式宾语,再跟adj/n做宾补。Weconsideritnecessarythatheshouldimprovehispronunciation.Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgiveup.1.____isquitecommonforpeopletobelievethatmoreandmoreteenagershavebecomeaddictedtoon-line.AAsBThatCWhatDIt2.___issaidinthenewspaperthattheJapaneseMinisterwillarrivenextMonday.AItBThatCWhatDAs√√4if引导条件状语从句和宾语从句。whether引导宾语从句、主语从句(且在句首)、表语从句和同位语从句。当if和whether引导宾语从句的区别,即用whether不用if的情况:(1).作介词宾语Itdependsonwhetheritisfine.(2).whether与todo连用I‘mnotsurewhethertoleavetoday.(3).whetherornotHecannotdecidewhetherornotshewasready.(4).作discuss的宾语Wearediscussingwhetherwewillholdameetingthisweekend.____youcangotocollegethisyeardependson____youarestudyinghardnow.AThat;thatBWhether;whetherCIf;ifDThat;if√5.“疑问词+ever”与“nomatter+疑问词”的应用前者不仅可引导名词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句。后者只能引导让步状语从句。whatever=anythingthat…whoever=anyonewho…what=thething(s)which/that...whatever/whoever表示任何一个人或事物,无范围而言,语气较强烈,而what和who指具体的人或物,有特定的范围。Thekingpromisedtomarryhisdaughterto_____defeatedtheenemy.AwhoBwhoeverCwhomDwhomever√(1)主语从句Itis/wasnecessary/important/natural/strange…+that从句Itisapity/ashame/nowonder…+that从句Itissuggested/requested/proposed/desired/recommended…+that从句以上that引导的主语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+do”.6名词性从句中虚拟语气的问题(2)宾语从句在表示要求、命令、建议等动词后面的宾语从句中常用“(should)+do”.(坚决要求)insist;(命令)order,command;(建议)suggest,propose,advise,recommend;(要求)request,require,desire,demand三名词性从句应注意事项:1定语从句和同位语从句的区别(1)定语从句对先行词(名词或代词)进行修饰限制;同位语从句对先行词(名词)进行解释说明其内容。(2)that引导定语从句时,是关系代词,在从句中做成分,如果做宾语,可以省略;而在同位语从句中,that是连接词,没有意义,不做成分,且不能省略。2连接词that引导几个并列的宾语从句时,只有第一个宾语从句前的that可以省略,从第二个分句开始,其前的that均不能省略。Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.ThenewsthatJohntoldmeisexciting.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentfromtheclass________hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.(2006重庆)A.whyB.thatC.whereD.becauseAthoughtsuddenlycametome________Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother‘sbirthday.(2006安徽)A.ifB.whenC.thatD.which√√3其它特殊用法:(1)what…dowith?/how…dealwith?(2)Whatdoyouthinkof/about…?Howdoyoufind/like/feelabout…?(3)What与how构成感叹句时的区别:Whata/an+adj+n单+主+V!Whatadj+Un/n复+主+V!Howadj+a/an+n单+主+V!Howadj/adv+主+V!4、doubt用于肯定句中,宾语从句可以用if或whether引导。Idoubtif/whetheryouwillcomeforavisittomorrow.doubt用于否定句或疑问句中,从句用that引导。Thereisnodoubtthathewillcome.5.当besure引导的主句用于肯定句时,后面的名词性从句的连接词常用that;当besure引导的主句用否定形式时,后面的名词的连接词常用whether/if.Iamsurethathewillcome.Iamnotsurewhether/ifhewillcome.6否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等表示“认为,相信,猜测”的动词时,其后的宾语从句如果含有否定意义,习惯上把否定词放在主句的谓语动词上,但否定的是从句。Idon’tthinkhisanswerisright.(1)当主句是第一人称,谓语动词是一般现在时,其反意疑问句部分常与从句的主谓语保持一致。Idon’tbelieveheisright,ishe?(2)当主句是第二三人称时,反意疑问句针对主句反问,与主句的主谓语保持一致。Theydon'tbelieveshe'sanengineer,dothey?

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