如何准备和做好口头演讲（PPT59页)

如何准备和做好口头演讲？HowtoPrepareandDeliveranOralPresentation目的•掌握演讲片制作要求•掌握口头演讲要求演讲片制作要求1-字体大小从18到32Uselettersizesfrom18to32points.•16很多情况下16号字体太小了16istoosmallformostsituations.•18UseSansSeriffonts.•20UseBoldfonts.•24AVOIDALLCAPITALLETTERS.•28Usecolorsthatgivehighcontrast.–Darklettersonlightbackgroundalwayswork–Lightlettersondarkworkindarkrooms•32Changecolors,useitalics,orunderlinesparinglyforemphasis.•36Fontisusuallyunnecessary•36号字体通常也是没有必要2-为方便提高浏览速度，使用sanserif字体Usesanseriffontsbecausetheycanbereadmorequickly.•Arial:Uselettersizesfrom18to32points.•Tahoma:UseSansSeriffonts.•ArialNarrow:UseBoldfonts.•Verdana:AVOIDCAPITALLETTERS.•Avoidseriffonts–Garamond:Usecolorsthatgivehighcontrast.–TimesNewRoman:Changecolors,useitalics,orunderlinesparinglyforemphasis.中文好的与不好的字体Chinesefontswithexcellentandpoorlegibility•好：华文细黑，微软雅黑•可以：黑体，宋体，仿宋，隶书，楷体•不要使用：华文彩云,行楷,方正舒体,华文琥珀3-字体加粗以方便听众快速阅读UseBoldfontsthatallowrapidreading•UseBoldfonts.•UseBoldfonts.•UseBoldfonts.•UseBoldfonts.4-全是大写字母难以快速阅读ALLCAPITALLETTERSHINDERSRAPIDREADING•USELETTERSIZESFROM18TO32POINTS.•USESANSSERIFFONTS.•USEBOLDFONTS.•AVOIDALLCAPITALLETTERS.•USECOLORSTHATGIVEHIGHCONTRAST.•PRC,TEPHINET则可以•PRC,TEPHINETareacceptable5-采用色差大的颜色Usecolorsthatgivehighcontrast.•浅色背景使用深色字母和线条总是很好Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundalwayswork•避免使用纯白色背景-晃眼Avoidpurewhitebackground--glare•深色背景的浅色字母和线条适合于较暗的房间LightlettersandlinesondarkbackgroundworkindarkroomsUsecolorsthatgivehighcontrast.•Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundalwayswork•Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundworkwellwithoutbolding•Avoidpurewhitebackground--glare•LightlettersandlinesondarkbackgroundworkindarkroomsUsecolorsthatgivehighcontrast.•Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundalwayswork•Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundworkwellwithoutbolding•Avoidpurewhitebackground--glare•LightlettersandlinesondarkbackgroundworkindarkroomsAvoidpurewhitebackground--glare•Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundalwayswork•Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundworkwellwithoutbolding•Avoidpurewhitebackground--glare•Lightlettersandlinesondarkbackgroundworkindarkrooms深色背景的浅色字母和线条适合于较暗的房间Lightlettersandlinesondarkbackgroundworkbestindarkrooms•Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundalwayswork•Avoidpurewhitebackground--glare•Lightlettersandlinesondarkbackgroundworkindarkrooms•但字体必须加粗Butfontsusuallyneedtobebold6-除非特别情况，避免使用多种颜色Avoidmultiplecolorsunlessthereisaveryspecificreason.•Uselargeletters(≥20)•AvoidallCAPITALletters•Avoidunusualfonts•Usecolorsthatgivehighcontrast–Darklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundalwaysworks–Lightlettersandlinesondarkworksindarkrooms•Donotusemultiplecolors,decoration7-无目的使用背景特效只能导致难以理解Backgroundeffectshavenopurposeandonlymakeunderstandingdifficult.AvoidbackgroundeffectsUsecolorsthatgivehighcontrastDarklettersandlinesonlightbackgroundalwaysworkAvoidpurewhitebackground--glareLightlettersandlinesondarkbackgroundworkindarkrooms8-怎样确定每张幻灯片的标题Howshouldyoutitleyourslides?•使用有意义的标题（最好）•Useaninformativeheadline(best).•使用正式、明确并包括数据的题目•Useaformaltitlethatorientsandincludesdata•不要使用“背景”、“方法”、“结果”、“讨论”等等•Donotuse:“Background”,“Methods”,“Results”,“Discussion”,etc.避免三维效果，多余的线条和边框Avoid3dimensions,extralinesandframes,0204060801001stQtr2ndQtr3rdQtr4thQtrEastNorthEastWestNorthxxxxx去除没有实际意义的绘图成分Eliminatenon-functionalgraphicalelements.01020304050607080901001stQtr2ndQtr3rdQtr4thQtrEastWestNorth前页的图可以如此简化以突出主要模式Thepreviousgraphcanbesimplifiedtoemphasizetheprincipalpattern.0204060801001stQtr2ndQtr3rdQtr4thQtrEastWestNorth避免红线条或字体Avoidredlinesorlettering.0204060801001stQtr2ndQtr3rdQtr4thQtrEastWestNorth如果确实想用红色，请使用(R=255/G=82/B=0）而不是纯红色红色线条或字体在深背景下读起来非常困难Redlinesorletteringareverydifficultonadarkbackground.0204060801001stQtr2ndQtr3rdQtr4thQtrEastWestNorthNormal57.8%Overweight20.6%AtRiskforOverweight18.7%Underweight2.8%Weightcategoryof281630StudentsLosAngelesCounty,2001饼图显示数据能力差Piechartsarepoorforshowingdata.Weightcategoryof281630StudentsLosAngelesCounty,2001Normal58%RiskOverweight21%Overweight19%Category%Underweight3Normal58RiskOverweight21Overweight19All100表格能够更加迅速准确的体现饼图所要表达的数据Thetableshowsthedatamorequicklyandaccuratelythanthepiechart.Underweight2.8%Weightcategoryof281630students,LosAngelesCounty,20015821193020406080NormalRiskOverweightOverweightUnderweightPercentincategory简单的条图总是要好于饼图Asimplebarchartisalwaysbetterthanapiechart.5821193020406080NormalRiskOverweightOverweightUnderweightPercentincategory40％的学生超重或者有超重的危险40%ofstudentswereeitheroverweightoratriskofoverweight.16-单个图片占满屏幕并配以标签说明Letsinglepicturesfillthescreenandoverlaythemwithlabels.ZiasymbolZiasymbol“NewMexico”“NewMexico”17-使用激光笔时不要抖动外周血涂片PeripheralBloodSmear直接在图上重点位置使用箭头更好外周血涂片PeripheralBloodSmear18-其他注意事项•使用表格、图、地图、画片和示意图Usetables,charts,graphs,maps,pictures,anddiagrams.•减少文字式幻灯片Minimizewordslides.–使用关键字代替词Usekeywordsinsteadofphrases.–一行表达一个意思Limitto1lineperidea.•表格中体现最关键的数据Limitthedataontablestotheessential.–如果需要完整的数据可以分发给听众Providecompletedataashandoutifneeded.–拆分复杂表格Break-upcomplextables如何处理源自书面报告的复杂表格？Howyouhandlethisoriginaltable?ItemsStudentsNo.CasesNo.AttackRate(%)StatisticsSchool-spe