被动语态复习

被动语态复习讲义一、主动变为被动的几个特殊情况：1．使役动词make/letsbdosth和感官动词see(hear,watch,feel)sbdosth结构变成被动句，要把省略的to加上。如：Theywatchedthechildrensingthatmorning.Thechildrenwerewatchedtosingthatmorning.2.带双宾语的动词结构如give(show,explain,bring,leave,buy)sbsth,若将直接宾语sth变成被动语态的主语，间接宾语sb前要加to或for等。如：Someonegavetheboyanapple.Anapplewasgiventotheboy.Hisfatherlefthimthishouse.Thishousewaslefttohimbyhisfather.Someonehasboughthimapresent.Apresenthasbeenboughtforhim.3.带有宾补的句子变被动时，只把宾语变成被动语态的主语就行了。（下列划线部分是宾补，变成被动语态后，它们就成了主补）WecallhimXiaoWang.HeiscalledXiaoWang.Hecuthishairshort.Hishairwascutshort.Theytoldhimtohelpme.Hewastoldtohelpme.4.*当know,say,believe,find,think,report等词带有宾从时，要变被动通常用it作为形式主语，宾从不变。也可采用另一形式。Peoplebelievethatheisill.Itisbelievedthatheisill.Or:Heisbelievedtobeill.二、不能进行转化的情况：1．只有主动无被动的情况：1）虽为及物动词，但其宾语并非动作的承受者。如have,hold,fit,become,contain,cost,last,mean等词.Wehaveanewteacher.Thefilmlaststwohours.Thewindisbecomingastrongone.Thiscoatfitsmewell.2)当宾语是反身代词、相互代词（如eachother）或宾语前有指代主语的物主代词（如my,his,her）时：TheyhelpeachotherIshookmyheadThechildrenseemtobeenjoyingthemselves.3)下列成分作宾语时Johnenjoyedseeingthefilm.Ifoundthateverythingwasready.Theforeigngirllearnedtobeacook.4)由动词+名词构成的固定表达Theyhadarestforawhileandwentonworking.WeChinesealwayskeepourword.Weshouldnotloseheart,butmakeanothertry.5)某些“不及物动词+介词”短语如：walkinto,listento,sleepin,agreewith,belongtotakepartin,keepupwith不可用于被动语态。6）表地点、处所、组织的词作宾语时：Heenteredtheclassroomjustnow.Mybrotherjoinedthearmyin1992.7)表数量、长度、大小、或程度等词作宾语时：Eachstoneweighsasmuchastwoandahalftons.2．只能用被动结构无主动语态的情况：1）表礼貌时：You’refriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglisheveningat8:30p.m.tomorrow.2)习惯或系表结构Itissaid/reportedthathisfatherdiedeightyearsago.Iwasbornin1956Theteacherwassaidtobeagreatwriter.I’mveryworriedaboutyou.Theyweremarriedinchurchyesterday.3.主动形式表被动意义：1）下列动词的进行时态表被动意义：do,cook,copy,fill,sell,miss,build,workout等，这时主语一定是物。Thebikeismissing.Thedinnerisstillcooking.Theplanisworkingoutsuccessfully2）下列动词的非进行时态表被动，其主语都是物。Break,drive,teach,ride,wash,sell,blow,fill,shut,cut,burn,keep,wear,addup等其主语一定是物。如：Thecardriveswell.Theseshoeswearwell.3）感官系动词也含被动义，主语一般也是物。Theflowerssmellverysweet.Thefishtastesgood.4）动词不定式的主动形式表被动：Muchremainstodo.Theworkishardtodo.Theairisbadtobreathe.Thegrassistooshorttocut.Thepromblemiseasyenoughtoworkout.ThereisenoughwatertodrinkThereisnothingtodo.IcouldnotseeanythingtolaughatPassivevoice一、选择时态正确的被动语态填空：1.Basketball________afterschooltwiceaweek.A.isplayedB.willbeplayedC.wasplayed2.Shoes_____intheshoplastyear.A.issoldB.wassoldC.weresold3.Inthisgametheirhands_____.A.notbeseenB.benotseenC.can’tbeseen4.Thesemooncakes______alreadybyMary.A.willbeeatenB.haven’tbeeneatenC.havebeeneaten5.Tom______tothehospitalinafewminutes.A.wastakenB.istakenC.willbetaken6.Mybirthdaycake______yet.A.ismadeB.hasbeenmadeC.hasn’tbeenmade7.English_____inthiscountrysince1900.A.istaughtB.hasbeentaughtC.wastaught8.Theboy______byLingFeng.A.werelookedafterB.arelookedafterC.canbelookedafter9.Theroom_______aweekago.A.istidiedB.hasbeentidiedC.wastidied10.Sometimesthey______playfootball.A.areseentoB.areseenC.willbeseento二、将下列句子改为被动语态：1.WeputthefamilynamefirstinChina._________________________________________2.Therunnerdroppedthestickontheground.__________________________________________3.Ihavejustfoundthelibrarybook.__________________________________________4.TheycallmeLilysometimes.__________________________________________5.Thismadetheboystopcrying.Theboy___________________________________.6.Thebossmadetheworkersworkalldaylong.Theworkers________________________________.7.Hegavemeapieceofwhitepaperjustnow.I__________________________________________.Apieceofwhitepaper________________________.8.Icanexplainhimthisinalittlewhile.He________________________________________.This_______________________________________.9.IhearJacksingoutsidehishouseeverymorning.三、单项选择：1.Thegarden______whiletheGreenswereawayfromhere.A.takecareofB.wastakencareofC.wastakencareD.wastaking2.He______aletterfromJimalready.A.hasbeenreceivedB.havereceivedC.hasreceivedD.received3.Theworkersaidthathe______aladderatonce.A.needsB.neededC.wasneededD.isneeded4.Bigpiecesofmetal______intosmallpieceshereeveryday.A.werecutB.arecutC.iscutD.cut5.A:WhereisJim’stelephonenumber?B:It________ontheblackboardalready.A.writesB.wroteC.iswrittenD.hasbeenwritten6.Thebagofrice______untilitwastoolate.A.didn’tseeB.didn’tseenC.isn’tseenD.wasn’tseen7.MyEnglishbook_______.Ican’tlendittoyou.A.hasbeenlostB.werelostC.haslostD.lost8.A:Haveyoufoundtheruleryet?B:Yes,it_____inmybagtwodaysago.A.hasfoundB:foundC.hasbeenfoundD:wasfound9.He_____thetreeasoftenaspossibleA.iswateringB.waterC.mustwaterD.mustbewatered10.Alargehole_____beforeweplantatree.A.mustdigB.aredugC.shouldbedugD.digs11.Thefunnystory______childrenhaveagoodlaugh.A.makesB.makeC.ismadeD.ismake12.Canmostwork______byrobots?A.doB.doesC.isdoneD.bedone13.Ourfootballteam_______atlast.A.wonB.winC.waswonD.willbewon14.Manyoldthings______onshowinthemuseumsoon.A.willseeB.wasseenC.willbeseenD.see被动语态专项训练I.Fillintheblanks1.Thecompetition____________(may,hold)overtheweekend2.Thismac