WinNonlin实例指南

WinNonlin®ExamplesGuideVersion5.2PharsightCorporation321E.EvelynAve.,3rdFloor,MountainView,California94041Voice+1-650-314-3800•Fax[phone]•[e-mail]®Version5.2WinNonlincopyright©1998-2007PharsightCorporation.Allrightsreserved.ThissoftwareanddocumentationareownedbyPharsightCorporation,andmaybeusedonlyasauthorizedinthelicenseagreementcontrollingsuchuse.Nopartofthesoftwarenortheaccompanyingdocumentationmaybereproduced,transmitted,ortranslated,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,manual,optical,orotherwise,exceptasexpresslyprovidedbythelicenseagreementorwiththepriorwrittenpermissionofPharsightCorporation.ThisproductmaycontainthefollowingsoftwarethatisprovidedtoPharsightCorporationunderlicense:Actuate™FormulaOne®copyright1993-03Actuate,Inc.Allrightsreserved.SentinelLM™6.0copyright1998RainbowTechnologies,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Microsoft®XMLParserversion3.0copyright1998-2000MicrosoftCorporation.Allrightsreserved.IMSL®copyright1993VisualNumerics,Inc.Allrightsreserved.InformationinthedocumentationissubjecttochangewithoutnoticeanddoesnotrepresentacommitmentonthepartofPharsightCorporation.ThedocumentationcontainsinformationproprietarytoPharsightCorporationandisforusebyPharsightCorporationcustomersonly.Useoftheinformationcontainedinthedocumentationforanypurposeotherthanthatforwhichitisintendedisnotauthorized.NEITHERPHARSIGHTCORPORATIONNORANYOFTHECONTRIBUTORSTOTHISDOCUMENTMAKESANYREPRESENTATIONORWARRANTY,NORSHALLANYWARRANTYBEIMPLIED,ASTOTHECOMPLETENESS,ACCURACY,ORUSEFULNESSOFTHEINFORMATIONCONTAINEDINTHISDOCUMENT,NORDOTHEYASSUMEANYRESPONSIBILITYFORLIABILITYORDAMAGEOFANYKINDWHICHMAYRESULTFROMTHEUSEOFSUCHINFORMATION.DestinationControlStatementAlltechnicaldatacontainedinthesoftwareanddocumentationaresubjecttotheexportcontrollawsoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Disclosuretonationalsofothercountriesmayviolatesuchlaws.Itisthereader'sresponsibilitytodeterminetheapplicableregulationsandtocomplywiththem.UnitedStatesGovernmentRightsThesoftwareanddocumentationconstitute“commercialcomputersoftware”and“commercialcomputersoftwaredocumentation”assuchtermsareusedin48CFR12.212(Sept.1995).UnitedStatesGovernmentendusersacquirethesoftwareunderthefollowingterms:(i)foracquisitionbyoronbehalfofcivilianagencies,consistentwiththepolicysetforthin48CFR12.212(Sept.1995);or(ii)foracquisitionbyoronbehalfofunitsoftheDepartmentofDefense,consistentwiththepoliciessetforthin48CFR227.7202-1(June1995)and227.7202-3(June1995).ThemanufacturerisPharsightCorporation,321E.EvelynAve.,3rdFloor,MountainView,CA94041.TrademarksPKAutomationApplication,PKS,PharsightKnowledgebaseServerandTrialSimulatoraretrademarksofPharsightCorporation.Pharsight,WinNonlin,IVIVCToolkitforWinNonlin,WinNonMix,DrugModelExplorerandDMXareregisteredtrademarksofPharsightCorporation.SASandallotherSASInstituteInc.productorservicenamesareregisteredtrademarksortrademarksofSASInstituteInc.intheUSAandothercountries.SigmaPlotisaregisteredtrademarkofSystatSoftware,Inc.S-PLUSisaregisteredtrademarkofInsightfulCorporation.NONMEMisaregisteredtrademarkofTheRegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia.ActuateisatrademarkandFormulaOneisaregisteredtrademarkofActuateCorporation.SentinelLMisatrademarkofRainbowTechnologies,Inc.Microsoft,theInternetExplorerlogo,MS-DOS,theOfficelogo,PowerPoint,VisualC++,VisualStudio,Windows,theWindowslogo,WindowsNT,theWindowsStartlogoandXLdesign(theMicrosoftExcellogo)areregisteredtrademarksofMicrosoftCorporation.PentiumandPentiumIIIaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksofIntelCorporation.Adobe,Acrobat,AcrobatReaderandtheAdobePDFlogoareregisteredtrademarksofAdobeSystemsIncorporated.IMSLisaregisteredtrademarkofVisualNumerics,Inc.CompaqVisualFortranistrademarkofCompaqComputerCorporation.Allotherbrandorproductnamesmentionedinthisdocumentationaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksoftheirrespectivecompaniesororganizations.iiiContentsChapter1AnalyzingMultipleProfiles...............................1Preparingthedata..............................................1Reviewingprofileplots..........................................3Noncompartmentalanalysis......................................5Modelvariables............................................7Dosingregimen............................................7Modeloptions..............................................8Analysis.................................................10Results......................................................11Summarizingtheoutput........................................11ExportingresultstoMicrosoftWord..............................13Chartformatoptions........................................13Chapter2Charts................................................17Errorbarcharts...............................................17Settingupthedata.........................................17Descriptivestatistics........................................18Plottingmean+/-standarddeviationusingrelativeerrorbars.......19Plottingmedian,minimumandmaximumusingabsoluteerrorbars...21Overlaycharts...................