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244200712()ChinaAgriculturalUniversityJournalofSocialSciencesEditionVol.24No.4Dec.,2007[],;,,,,,,,,[];;[]F30416[]A[]10092508X(2007)0420146212[]2007210226[],,:1000732,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[1],,,;,;,,,,,,1970,;2090,,,,;;;,,,,,,,,,[2],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[3],,,1950,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,7414:,,,(,,2006,257),,,,,,,,,,,,2070,,,85%,15%,,,,,,,,,17000(3000,,3)350,5560:,,1310,1030,,,1/2,30,20,,,,,,,,1000,150200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2060,,,,,,,,,841()2007,,,,,,,,;,,,,,2,,19531983,30()14,,1977170001000,90%;,1984,112;1985,5000,,,1977,,,,,60,,,;,,,,,,,,1979,,,,,2070,,,2070,,1977,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,9414:,,1979,4,,70,22,,1996,:,,;,,,,2004,,,,,,1981,,80,,,,,1715,115,40,,,,,14,,,,,,,;2080,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,1987,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,2090,,,,(GPS),,1095,,,2090,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,051()2007,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,1980,20,,,40501990,,90,,;2000,,,,,,,,,40,406,241050,39,,,,,10,7,3;75,:,,,,1514:99,;,,,803285060002000()0450/10100005000200535014400/100/3010000600030000200/80110008000500/801600011000,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,251()2007,,2008,80%2007,10,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,30%50%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3514:,,,,,,,,,;,,10,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2000,1990,700800,400,,,1000,,,,,600,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,17,,500010000,,,,,,,,,,451()2007,,,,,,10,,;,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,45,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,40006000,,1,2030,2030,,5514:,,,,,,20,18,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,651()2007IanScoones,LivingwithUncertainty,IntermediateTechnologyPublications,1994,,,,;,,,,,,,;,,,,,[][1],.[M].:,2006.[2].[M].:,2005.[3].[M].:,2004.HerdersunderHouseholdManagementofRangelandCaseStudyofXitaVillageinInnerMongoliaWangXiaoyiAbstractPastureareainChinaisunderrapidchange.Traditionalnomadicpastoralismhasbeenreplacedbysedentaryherdingandsubdivisionofgrassland;moreherderswererelocatedtourbansectorbecauseofmarketeconomyandgovern2mentspoeicyGovernmentlaunchedthepolicies,suchasgrazingban,balancinglivestockandpasture,etc.toprotectthedegradedgrassland.Itispopulartoattributethechangingtotherapidgrowthofpopulationandtrytosolveproblemsingrasslandbyreducingpopulationinherdingarea.TheresearchinXitaherdingvillageshowsthatinstitutionalchoiceinherdingwasnotadirectresultofpopulationgrowth.Mobileherdingwasstoppednotbypopulationgrowthofpeopleandlivestock.Moresmalllivestockdrovesappearedinpasturebroughtconflictsandstoppedthemobileherding.Itisdifficulttoachievethegoalofgrasslandconservationbyreducingpopulationofpeopleandlivestockbecausecomplexfactorsat2tributethegrasslandgradation.KeywordsRangelandenvironment;Herderslivelihood;Sedentaryherding(:)7514: