双语言语产生中的词汇通达_竞争选择还是反应选择

=X双语言语产生中的词汇通达:竞争选择还是反应选择崔占玲1,鲁忠义2(1.,510631;2.,050091):双语言语产生的机制一直备受心理学家关注过去人们认为,竞争选择是双语言语产生的实质,在此基础上,提出了非特定语言选择假说和特定语言选择假说,但两种观点都有一定的局限性新近,有研究者提出用反应选择假设替代竞争选择假设但就目前学界的研究来看,此假设还需进一步梳理:双语;言语产生;竞争选择;反应选择:G441:A:1009O413X(2007)05O0063O07,,,,,,,,,(lexicalaccess),(competitionselection)[1,2,3],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,??,[4,5](language-unspecificselection)[6,7](language-specificselection),,(Lan-guage-specificselection)[6](Concept-specificselection)[7],,,,[8],,(responseselection),,,,,??,X:2007O05O06::04BYY008:(1968O),,,,;(1955O),,,,,200799/5/河北师范大学学报//JOURNALOFHEBEINORMALUNIVERSITY/EducationalScienceEdition/Sep.2007Vol.9No.5(一)非特定语言选择假说,,;;,,,,,,,?[4];[5]图1非特定语言选择假说的抑制控制模型(箭头表示激活及方向,圆点箭头表示抑制及方向,圆圈粗细表示激活程度)[5](theInhibitionControlModel),Green1998,,,(tags)(图1中L1和L2),,,,,,,,:,,,;,;,(language-switching)MeuterAllport[9],L1L29,,L1L2;,L1L2,(theasymmeticallanguageswitchcost),,,,,,,,,,,,,[10],[11],,(theseman-ticinterferenceeffect)[12,13](thefaclitatorytranslationidentityeffect)[14],,,,,,,-/0,,/berm0,/0/berg0,/0,/berg0,,/berg0;/0/berg0,,/berg0,#64#,,/berg0,/berg0,/0,,[11],(L1-L2)(L1-L3),,(L1L2),(L1)(),,,,L1,L1,,,()(),,??,[15](二)特定语言选择假说,,,,,,,,,1.Costa1999[6],,,,,,,,(见图2)图2基于语言的特定选择假设(箭头表示激活方向,圆圈粗细表示激活程度),(thecognateef-fect)[16,17],,,/0,/0-,/gato0(/0)/gat0(/0),(/g//a//t/),,/gato0,(/0),,/perro0(/0)/gos0(/0),,/per-ro0,,,,,,[14],,,,(),,,,,#65#,,,,,/0(thelanguageeffect)[18],,,,,,,,2.LaHeij2005[7],,,()()(,),/0/dog0/0,/0/dog0,,,:/0/0,/dog0/0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,/0(complexaccess,easyselection)[7],,,,,,,,,,(见图3),/,0(easyaccess,complexselection)[7,19,20],,图3基于语义的特定选择假说(简头表示激活方向,圆圈粗细表示激活程度),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[8],,,,,,?,?,,,,#66#,Caramazza2007[8],,,,[3,21],,,,,,,,,,,,,[21,22],,,,,()(),,,,,,(thelowfrequencydistractoreffect)[23],,,,,,,,,,[24],co-ordinate,has-a,co-ordinate,,,wasp-bee(-),cartruck(-)has-a,,,,wasp-stinger(-),carbumper(-),co-ordinate,,,,has-a,,,,,,,,has-a,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,??,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,#67#,,,,,[1,2,25],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,?,,?,?,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,?,?,,,:[1]Levelt,RoelofsMeyer.ATheoryoflexicalaccessinspeechpro-duction.BehacioralandBrainSciences,1999,22:1-75.[2]Starreveld,LaHeij.Time-courseanalysisofsemanticandortho-graphiccontexteffectsinpicturenaming.JournalofExperimentalPsychology:Learning,Memory,andCognition.1996,22:896-918.[3]Caramarra,Hill.Wheredosemanticerrorscomefrom?Cortex.1990,26:95-122.[4]Green.Controlactivationandresource.BrainandLanguage.1986,27:210-223.[5]Green.Mentalcontrolofthebilinguallexicosemanticsystem.Bilingualism:LanguageandCognition.1998,1:67-81.[6]Costa,Mioaao,Caramazza.Lexicalselectioninbilinguals:Dowordsinthebilingual.stwolexiconscompeteforselection?Jour-nalofMemoryandLanguage.1999,41:365-397.[7]LaHeij.Selectionandprocessesinmonolingualandbilinguallex-icalaccess.InJ.F.KrollandA.M.B.deGroot(Eds.)HandbookofBilingualism.2005:289-307.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress.[8]Finkbeiner,Gollan,Caramazza.LexicalaccessinBilingualSpeak-ers:What.sthe(hard)Problem?Inpress.[8]Meuter,Allport.Bilinguallanguageswitchinginnaming:Asym-metricalcostsoflanguageselection.JournalofMemoryandLan-guage.1999,40:25-40.[10]Costa.Santesteban.Lexicalaccessinbilingualspeechproduc-tion:EvidencefromLanguageswitchinginhighlyproficientbilingualsandL2learners.JournalofMemoryandlanguage.2004,,50:491-511.[11]Costa,Santesteban,Ivanova.Howdohighlyproficientbilingualscontroltheirlexicalizationprocess?InhibitoryandLanguage-SpecificSelectionmechanismsarebothfunctional.JournalofExperimentalPsychology::LearningMemoryandCognition.2006,32:1057-1074.[12]Glaser,Glaser.ContexteffectsonStroop-likewordandpictureprocessing.JournalofExperimentalPsychology:General,1989,118:13-42.#68#[13]Schriefers,Meyer,Levelt.Exploringthetimecourseoflexicalaccessinproduction:Picture-wordinterferencestudies.JournalofMemoryandLanguage,29:86-102.[14]Hermans,Bongaerts,deBot.Producingwordsinaforeignlan-guage:Canspeakerspreventinterferencefromtheirfirstlan-guage?Bilingualism:LanguageandCognition,1998,1:213-230.[15]Roelofs.Lemmaselectionwithoutinhibitionoflanguagesinbilingualspeakers.bilingualism:LanguageandCognition.1998,1:94-95.[16]Costa,Caramazza,Sebasti‚n-Gall†s.Thecognatefacilitationeffect:Implicationsformodelsoflexicalaccess.JournalofEx-perimentalPsychology:Learning,,MemoryandCognition.2000,26:1283-1296.[17]Janssen.Bilingualwordproduction:Thetimecourseoflexicalactivationinamixedlanguagecontext.UnpublishedMasterThesis,UniversityofNijmegen,Nijmegen,TheNetherlands.1999.[18]Costa,Caramazza.Lexicalselectioninbilingual:Dowordsinthebilingual.stwolexiconscompeteforselection?JournalofMemo-ryandLanguage.1999,41:365-397.[19]Poulisse,Bongaerts.Firstlanguageuseinsecondlanguagepro-duction.AppliedLinguistics.1994,15:36-57.[20]Poulisse.Languageproductioninbilinguals.InA.M.B.deGroot&J.F.Kroll,(Eds.),Tutorialsinbilingualism:Psy-cholinguisticperspectives.1997:201-224.Mahwah,NJ:Er-lbaum.[21]Dell.Spreading-ActivationTheoryofretrievalinsentencepro-duction.PsychologicalReview.1986,3:283-321.[22]Morton.Theinterrationofinformationinwordrecognition.PsychologyicalReview.1969,76:165-178.[23]Miozzo,Ca