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材料成型工艺基础部分0绪论金属材料：metalmaterial(MR)高分子材料：high-molecularmaterial陶瓷材料：ceramicmaterial复合材料：compositionmaterial成形工艺：formationtechnology1铸造铸造工艺：castingtechnique铸件：foundrygoods（casting）机器零件：machinepart毛坯：blank力学性能：mechanicalproperty砂型铸造：sandcastingprocess型砂：foundrysand1.1铸件成形理论基础合金：alloy铸造性能：castingproperty工艺性能：processingproperty收缩性：constringency偏析性：aliquation氧化性：oxidizability吸气性：inspiratory铸件结构：castingstructure使用性能：serviceperformance浇不足：misrun冷隔：coldshut夹渣：cinderinclusion粘砂：sandfusion缺陷：flaw,defect,falling流动性：flowingpower铸型：cast(foundrymold)蓄热系数：thermalstoragecapacity浇注：pouring凝固：freezing收缩性：constringency逐层凝固：layer-by-layerfreezing糊状凝固：mushyfreezing结晶：crystal缩孔：shrinkagevoid缩松：shrinkageporosity顺序凝固：progressivesolidification冷铁：ironchill补缩：feeding等温线法：constanttemperaturelinemethod内接圆法：inscribedcirclemethod铸造应力：castingstress变形：deforming裂纹：crack机械应力：mechanicalstress热应力：heatstress相变应力：transformationstress气孔：blowhole铸铁：ingot铸钢：caststeel非铁合金：nonferrousalloy灰铸铁：graycast-iorn孕育处理：inoculation球墨铸铁：spheroidal球化处理：sheroidisation可锻铸铁：ductilecastiron石墨：graphite蠕墨铸铁：vermicularcastiron热处理：heatprocessing铝合金：Al-alloy熔炼：fusionmetallurgy铜合金：copperalloy氢脆：hydrogenbrittleness1.2铸造方法（castingmethod）手工造型：handmoulding机器造型：machinemoulding金属型：metalmoldcasting金属模：permanentmould压力铸造：presscasting熔模铸造：investmentmoulding蜡膜：cere离心铸造：centrifugalcasting低压铸造：castingunderlowpressure差压铸造：counter-pressurecasting陶瓷型铸造：shawprocess1.3铸造工艺设计浇注位置：pouringposition分型面：mouldjoint活块：loosepiece起模：patterdrawing型芯：core型芯撑：chaplet工艺参数：processingparameter下芯：coresetting合型：mouldassembly冒口：castinghead尺寸公差：dimensionaltolerance尺寸公差带：tolerancezone机械加工余量：machiningallowance铸孔：corehole非标准：nonstandardlabel收缩率：rateofcontraction线收缩：linearcontraction体收缩：volumecontraction起模斜度：patterndraft铸造圆角：curvingofcastings芯头：coreregister芯头间隙：clearance芯座：coreprintseat分型线：jointline分模线：diepartingline1.4铸造结构工艺性加强筋：ribreinforcement撒砂：stuccoing内腔：entocoele2金属塑性加工塑性加工：plasticworking塑性：plasticproperty锻造：forgework冲压：punching轧制：rolling拉拔：drawing挤压：extruding细化晶粒：grainrefinement热锻：hit-forging温锻：warmforging2.1金属塑性加工理论基础塑性变形：plasticyield加工硬化：work-hardening韧性：ductility回复温度：returntemperature再结晶：recrystallize再结晶退火：fullannealing冷变形：colddeformation热变性：heatdenaturation锻造比：forgingratio镦粗：upset拔长：pullout纤维组织：fibroustissue锻造性能：forgingproperty可锻性：forgeability变形抗力：resistanceofdeformation化学成分：chemicalconstitution热脆性：hotbrittleness冷脆性：cold-shortness变形速度：deformationvelocity应力状态：stresscondition变形温度：deformationtemperature过热：overheating过烧：burning脱碳：carbonelimination始锻温度：initiationforgingtemperature终锻温度：finalforgingtemperature2.2金属塑性加工方法自由锻：flat-diehammer冲孔：jetting弯曲：bend弯曲半径：bendingradius切割：cut扭转：twistrotation错移：offsetting锻接：percussion基本工序：basicprocess辅助工序：auxiliaryprocess精整工序：finishingprocess模锻：contourforging锻模：forgingdie胎膜锻：fetalmembraneforging剪床：shearingmachine冲床：backing-outpunch冲裁：blanking弹性变形：elasticdistortion塑性变形：plasticyield剪切变形：shearingdeformation最小弯曲半径：minimumbendingradius曲率：angularity弯裂：rupture回弹：rebound辊轧：rollforming辊锻：rollforging斜轧：obliquerolling横轧：transverserolling辗压：tampingdrum挤压：extruding拉拔：draft2.3塑性加工工艺设计工艺规程：processspecification锻件图：forgingdrawing敷料：dressing锻件余量：forgingallowance锻件公差：forgingtolerance工夹具：clampingapparatus加热设备：firingequipment加热规范：heatingschedule冷却规范：coolingschedule后续处理：aftertreatment分模面：diepartingface冲孔连皮：punchingthewad模锻斜度：draftangle圆角半径：radiusofcorner圆饼类锻件：circumcresentcake-likeforging长轴类锻件：longaxis-likeforging2.4锻件结构工艺性锥体：cone斜面：cant空间曲线：curveinspace粗糙度：degreeofroughness2.5冲压件结构工艺性3焊接焊接：welding铆接：riverting熔焊：fusionwelding压焊：presswelding钎焊：brazewelding3.1焊接理论基础冶金：metallurgy电弧焊：arcwelding气焊：acetylenewelding电渣焊：electro-slagwelding高能束焊：highenergywelding电子焊：electronicwelding激光焊：laserwelding等离子焊：plasmawelding电弧：electricarc阳极区：anoderegion阴极区：negativepolarity弧柱区：arcstream正接法：electrodenegativemethod反接法：oppositionmethod脱氧剂：deoxidizingagent焊缝：weldedseam焊缝区：weldzone熔合区：fusionarea热影响区：heat-affectedzone脆性断裂：brittlefracture过热区：overheatedzone正火区：normalizedzone相变区：phasechangezone焊接应力：weldingstress收缩变形：contractiondistortion角变形：angulardeformation弯曲变形：benddeformation扭曲变形：warpingdeformation波浪变形：wavetransformation反变形法：reversibledeformationmethod刚性固定法：rigidfixingmethod预热：warming-up缓冷：slowcool焊后热处理：postweldheattreatment矫形处理：shape-righting3.2焊接方法埋弧焊：hiddenarcwelding气体保护焊：gasshieldedarcwelding氩弧焊：argonwelding熔化极氩弧焊：consumableelectrodeargonwelding钨极氩弧焊：argontungsten-arcwelding二氧化碳气体保护焊：CO2gasshieldedarcwelding碳弧焊：carbonarcwelding碳弧气刨：carbonarcairgouging电渣焊：electro-slagwelding高能焊：highgradeenergywelding等离子弧切割：plasmaarccutting(PAC)堆焊：beadweld电阻焊：resistancewelding电焊：electricwelding缝焊：seamwelding压焊：presswelding多点凸焊：multipleprojectionwelding对焊：weldingneck摩擦焊：frictionwelding扩散焊：diffusionwelding硬钎料：brazingalloy软钎料：softsolder3.3常用金属材料的焊接焊接性：weldability焊接方法：weldingmethod焊接材料：weldingmaterial焊条：electrode焊剂：fluxmaterial碳素钢：carbonsteel低碳钢：lowcarbonsteel中碳钢：mediumcarbonsteel高碳钢：highcarbonsteel低合金钢：leanalloysteel不锈钢：non-corrosivesteel有色金属：nonferrousmetal3.4焊接工艺设计型材：sectionalbar药皮：coating焊丝：solderingwire连续焊缝：continuousweld断续焊缝：interm