动词不定时课件

GrammarTheinfinitive动词不定式Learningaims:1Mastertheinfinitive’sstructure2Mastertheinfinitive’susage3Mastertheinfinitive’sformLearningimportantpoints:1Mastertheinfinitive’sform2Mastertheinfinitive’susageLearningdifficultpoint:Mastertheinfinitive’susage动词不定式口诀不定式有标记，to与动原连一起。没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。主宾定补表状语，唯独作谓不可以。Not加上不定式，否定结构牢牢记。疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。动词不定时的构成To+动词原形(To)+动词原形动词不定时的用法主宾定补表状语1作主语1）Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnecessaryforacollegestudent.掌握一门外语对大学生是必要的。2)Tobeapilotismydream.当一名飞行员是我的梦想。注2：在此要掌握两种句型：（1）Ittooksb.sometimetodosth.花费某人一段时间去做某事例如：Ittookustwohourstogettherebybike.（2）Itis/was+adj.+of/for+sb.+todosth.如果形容词表示人本身的品行kind,nice,careless,wise,rude等），则不定式前用of,其他情况动词不定式前用for.例如：Itwasstupidofhertomakesuchamistake.她真蠢，犯这样的错误。Itisgoodforustotakepartinphysicallabour.参加体力劳动对我们有益。2作宾语即动词+todosthIexpecttoseeyoutomorrow.我希望明天见到你。Shewantedtoborrowmydictionary.她想要借我的词典。注：后跟不定式作宾语的动词有：pretend,refuse,learn,hope,wish,ask,agree,plan,determine,decide,offer,expect,promise,try,manage等。假装拒绝学习，两希望要求同意计划，下决心决定提出期望，答应尽力设法完成，后跟不定式作宾语。3作表语即：be动词+todosthOurplanistofinishtheworkinthreeweeks.我们的计划是三周内完成这项工作。Hiswishistobecomeapopsinger.他的愿望是成为一名流行歌手。注：表示将来的动作多用不定式作表语，主语通常为duty,plan,wish,hope,idea,purpose。定语即用来修饰名词，但要放在名词后1)Doyouhaveanythingtosay?你有什么要说的吗?2)Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth.贝珶是第一个知道真相的人。Bettywasthefirstgirltoknowthetruth.作状语Hespokeloudlyinordertobeheard.（目的状语）他大声说话是为了被听见。Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.（原因状语）他们听到消息高兴地跳起来。I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.（结果状语）今晚我太累了而不能走远。作宾补即动词+sb+todosth1)Sheaskedmetostayhere.她要我待在这儿。2）Isawherentertheroomlastnight.昨晚我看到她进入了这个房间。带to的不定式作宾补。很多动词如:allow,order,force（强迫）,permit（准许）,tell,want,wish,forbid（禁止）,advise,persuade(说服),warn等后面作宾补的不定式都带to。注意：A有些动词后面的不定式作宾补不带to，如feel（一感）hear，listento（二听）make，have，let（三让）see，watch，notice，observe（四看）1Iheardthemsingapopsong.2Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.3wewatchedthemplayfootball.如果上述结构变为被动语态,不定式就由原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语,此时第2类动词(let,have无被动语态)后原来不带to的不定式要加to。如:Isawhimgoupstairs.Hewasseentogoupstairs.有人看见他上楼去了。Becareful!注意:注意B动词不定式的否定式只需在to前加not。妈妈告诉我不要在街上玩。Mothertoldmenottoplayintheroad.张明要我不要整天呆在家里。ZhangMingaskedmenottostayathomeallday.C带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词。Mrliwillteachushowtousethecomputer.李老师将教我们怎样使用电脑。Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook?你能告诉我在哪儿能得到这本书吗？注意D作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词，只保留to.Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?你来参加我的集会吗？Yes,I’dloveto(cometoyourparty)是的，我愿意。Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).玛丽想用我的自行车，但是我告诉她不能。注意Practice:choosethebestanswer.1Itisnecessaryforyou____yourjob.AchangingBtochangedCchangeDtochange2wemustdoeverythingwecan______them.AhelpBhelpedCtohelpDhelping3I’mglad_____you.AseeBtoseeCseeingDsawDCB4Idon’tknowwhere_____.AgoingBwentCgoDtogo5Isawthetrain_____thestation.AcomeintoBtocomeintoCcameintoDtocameinto6Wouldyoulikesomething_____?AeatingBtoeatCateDeat7ThefirstthingIwanttodois_______.AvisittohimBtovisithimCvisitinghimDvisitedhimDABB8.Itiskind___you_____mybicycle.A.of,repairB.for,torepairC.of,torepairD.for,repair9.Itisnothard____one_____abitofgood.A.for,doB.of,todoB.C.for,doingD.for,todo10.____tookmeonehourtofinishmyhomework.A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.HeCDA