必修3情态动词课件

2情态动词的运用是高考英语单项选择几乎每年必考的要点。根据近几年对全国部分高考题的分析，主要归纳为以下几个考查热点：1.情态动词表示推测;2.情态动词+havedone结构；3.特定的语气;4.情态动词基本用法.3一.情态动词表示推测的用法情态动词可用来表示推测,语气从强到弱的顺序是：１．must所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为“一定”。２．can和could主要用于否定句和疑问句中，can’t或couldn’t表示“不可能”３．may和might表示现在或将来可能发生的动作或情况，主要用于肯定句中，might相对于may来说，表示的可能性更小一些。must，should，can，may，could，might。4Shemaynotbeathome.Shecan’tbeathome.Theyshouldbethererightnow.Atthismoment,ourteachermustbecorrectingourexampapers.情态动词+do表示对现在或将来的情况的推测5Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.Thereisnobodyhere.Theymusthaveallgonehome.must/may/might+havedone表示对过去情况推测(肯定，可能，也许已经…)61.--AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?--I’mnotsure.I____gototheconcertinstead.(NMET2000)A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might2.Mary__beinParis，forIsawherinthetownonlyafewminutesago．A．mustn'tB．can'tC．shouldn'tD．maynotBD73.--_____thenewsbetrue?—No,it_____betrue.A.Can,can’tB.May,can’tC.May,maynotD.Must,mustn’t注意:may和might都不用于疑问句中。（正）Can／Coulditbecloudytomorrow？（误）May／Mightitbecloudytomorrow？A8Thechildrenmusthavewateredthetomatoesyesterday,_______they﹖TheministermusthavearrivedinShanghai,_______hehe﹖didn’thasn’tYoucan’tbeserious,_____you?are拓展9二.情态动词+havedone表示对过去所发生事情的推测或带有某种语气.1.Ididn’thearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.musthavedone(过去)肯定/一定…(用于肯定句中)102.＊—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—Itcouldn’thavebeenacomfortablejourney.can’t/couldn’thavedone(过去)不可能…113.●Hemaynothavefinishedtheexercises,I’mafraid.4.Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.may/mighthavedone(过去)或许/可能做…(用于肯定或否定句中)couldhavedone(过去)本能够做(用于肯定或否定句中,带有责备、劝告之意)125.●Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhadn’tstarted,soweneedn’thaveworried.●—Marydidn’tturnuplastnight,didshe?—No,shedidn’tneedtocome.Wehadchangedourplan.needn’thavedone(过去)本来不必做…(没有必要做而实际上也没做).136.Sheshouldn’thavetakenawaymytape,forIwantedtouseit.should/oughttohavedone(过去)本应该做(而实际上未做),用于否定句时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了(带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气）。1415(06陕西）Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you___havecomethismorning.B.maynotC.can’tD.mustn’tAA.needn’t16◆(04全国)Mr.White_____at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.B.shouldarriveC.shouldhadarrivedD.shouldbearriving◆(04福建)—I’lltellMarryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You____herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.couldhavetoldC.musttellA.shouldhavearrivedD.shouldhavetoldAD17(05福建)—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You____it.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needn’tdoC.mustn’tdoD.shouldn’thavedoneB.needn’thavedoneB18(NMET05)He______havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.A.shouldC.wouldn’tD.can’tB.mustB19(00上海)MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterday,sohe______yourlecture.B.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattendedA.couldn’thaveattendedA20三.几个情态动词的特定语气Shall1.在疑问句中,用于第1、3人称,表示征求对方意见.例如:Shallthedriverwaitoutside?2.在肯定句中,用于第2、3人称,表示警告、允诺、命令或威胁.例如:21Youshallanswerforitifyougoonbehavinglikethat.Ifyouworkwell,youshallhavearise.HeshallbepunishedNobodyshallthrowawayrubbisheverywhere.22＊ChurchillwarnedHitler“IfyoudaretoinvadeBritain,youshallpayforitwithgreatloss.＊(04湖南）—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.—Youshan’thavemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.233.用在法律、条约、规定时。＊(02上海)Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.＊(04重庆)“Theinterestshallbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides”declaredthejudge.＊Thesignsaysallpaymentsshallbemadeincash.24Should1.据经验或事实来表达合理的推断。1)Marytookdancingclassesforyears;sheshouldbeanexcellentdancer.2)It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jackshouldbehereatanymoment.3)It’ssaidthatthereareplentyofhotelsinthattown.Thereshouldnotbeanydifficultyforyoutofindsomewheretostay.252.表惊讶、惋惜、不满等情绪,常译为“竟然”.＊(01上海)Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemanshouldbesorude.＊I’msurprisedthatyoushouldhavedonesuchathing.＊Neverdidheexpectthattheconditionsshouldbesoterrible.263.Should+动词原形表虚拟,可省略.＊在表建议、要求、命令、主张等动词的宾语从句中。常见的动词有:insist,order,command;suggest,advice,propose;demand,request,require,andaskandsoon.例如:Mikeinsistedthatshedidn’tstealanythingand(should)notbescolded.27＊用于Itissuggested/proposed/desired/strange/necessary/important/essential/natural/apity等的主语从句中.＊用于表示建议、命令、主张、愿望、目的等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中。如advice,suggestion,proposal,order,request,requirement,wish,desire,idea,aim等。例如；28(06江苏）—IthinkI’llgiveBobaring.—You_____.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.A.willB.mayC.havetoD.shouldD29Must偏要，硬要。（2005全国Ⅱ、Ⅲ）John,lookatthetime.Mustyouplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?(2004天津）—Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?—Well,ifyoumustknow,hernameisMarry.30(06浙江）—CanIhaveawordwithyou,mum?—Oh,dear,ifyou_______.A.canC.mayD.should(06山东）—MayIsmokehere?—Ifyou____,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.A.shouldB.couldC.mayB.mustD.mustBD31Why_____youalwaysleaveyourdirtyclothesinthebedroom?A.needB.canC.mayD.mustD32Must必须(04上海)Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountrymustbeunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.四.情态动词基本用法33Can/Could用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中常表推测、惊讶、怀疑、不相信的语气：1）—Whocanitbe?—Itcan’tbehim.HehasgonetoXi’an.2）Howcanyoubesocareless?Whatcanhepossiblymean?34(03上海)How_____yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle.B