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专题一句子成分基础巩固Ⅰ.单句填空1.The(nation)parkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,rangingfrombutterfliestoelephants.答案national空格处在句中作名词park的定语,故填提示词的形容词形式national。2.The(fail)wasabigblowtohim,buthewasn'tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.答案failure句意:这次失败对他来说是个沉重的打击,可是他没有气馁,很快他又像以前那样情绪高涨了。空格处在句中作主语,结合空前的定冠词可知,应填名词failure。3.Dashan,hasbeenlearningcrosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.答案who句意:几十年来,一直在学习中国喜剧传统相声的大山想把相声和西方喜剧传统融合起来。前两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句。4.SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andI(admit)thatIhadn't.答案admitted句意:她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有还。空格处在句中与asked作并列谓语,且表示过去发生的动作,因此应用一般过去时态。故空格处填admitted。5.Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketosee(they)daughtersettledown,getmarried,andhavekids.答案their句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子。空格处在句中作名词daughter的定语,故填形容词性物主代词their。6.Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents;inreturn,weexpectthem(work)hard.答案towork句意:我们为我们的学生提供良好的教育;作为回报,我们希望他们努力学习。空格处在句中作宾补,结合“expectsb.todosth.”可知,空格处填towork。7.Thatyoungmanis(honesty),cooperative,andalwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.答案honest句意:那个年轻人诚实、有合作精神,并且当你需要他的帮助时,他总是在那里。空格处在句中作表语,结合语境可知,空格处填honest。8.Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse,I(decide)toapplyfortheonethatreflectedmyinterest.答案decided句意:当最后决定课程的时候到了,我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。空格处在句中作谓语,且表示过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。9.Itwasreally(annoy);Icouldn'tgetaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommendedtome.答案annoying句意:真令人烦恼,我无法访问你推荐给我的数据库。空格处在句中作表语,结合空前的It可知,空格处填annoying。10.Nick'sguests,hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysaltmorecheaplyiftheycould.答案who分析句子结构可知,两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句,先行词“guests”指人,且在从句中作主语,因此应用关系代词who引导定语从句。故空格处填who。11.Fiveothersonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddoneandthecrowdofstrangers(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.答案suddenly空格处在句中作状语,因此空格处应用提示词的副词形式。故空格处填suddenly。12.Towarm(he),thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainsttheother.答案himself句意:为了给自己取暖,那位海员坐在火炉前,光着的双脚相互摩擦着。空格处在句中作宾语,结合主语和语境可知,空格处填反身代词himself。13.September30isthedaybyyoumustpayyourbill.答案which句意:9月30日是你必须付账单的日期。theday是先行词,关系词在从句中作介词by的宾语,故应用关系代词which。14.Thewitnesses(question)bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.答案questioned句意:警察刚才询问的目击者对于打斗的描述出入很大。空格处在句中作名词的后置定语,且表示被动完成,故空格处填过去分词questioned。15.AsJacklefthismembershipcardathome,hewasn'tallowed(go)intothesportsclub.答案togo句意:因为杰克把会员卡落在家里了,所以体育俱乐部不允许他进入。空格处在句中作补足语,此处实际上是“allowsb.todosth.”的被动形式,即“sb.beallowedtodosth.”,故空格处填不定式togo。16.I'dappreciateitifyouwouldliketoteach(I)howtousethecomputer.答案me句意:如果你教我如何使用电脑我将感激不尽。空格处在句中作宾语,结合语境可知,空格处填提示词的宾格形式。故填me。17.Imadeapromisetomyselfthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.答案that句意:我向自己承诺,今年,我在高中的第一年,将会有所不同。myself之后为同位语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故空格处填that。18.Youcanborrowmycaraslongasyoupromisenot(drive)toofast.答案todrive句意:只要你保证不开得太快,你就可以借我的车。动词promise之后应该接动词不定式todrive作宾语。Ⅱ.单句改错1.Nowadays,cycled,alongwithjoggingandswimming,isregardedasoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.答案cycled→cycling句意:现在骑自行车与慢跑和游泳一样,被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。前两个逗号之间的单词在句中作主语,故cycled改为动名词形式。2.Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainanessentialskillforoursurvival.答案remain→remains动名词短语“Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundings”作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式,故remain改为remains。3.Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightenedexperience,especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.答案frightened→frightening句意:突然停止可能是一次可怕的经历,尤其是当你高速行进的时候。此处应用现在分词作定语,修饰名词experience。4.Marywassilenceduringtheearlypartofthediscussionbutfinallyshegavevoicetoheropiniononthesubject.答案silence→silent句意:玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的,但是最后她说出了自己对这个话题的观点。was之后应该使用silent作表语。5.Studieshaveshownthattherightandleftearprocesssounddifferent.答案different→differently句意:研究表明,左右耳处理声音的方式是截然不同的。句尾的词在句中作状语,用于修饰动词process,故different改为differently。6.Knowbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.答案Know→Knowingwill之前的内容在句中作主语,故此处应用动名词。7.WheneverIthinkoftheolddays,Ifeelveryhappily.答案happily→happy系动词feel后应用形容词作表语,因此happily使用错误,happily改为happy。8.WhenPeterspeaksinpublic,healwayshastroublethinkoftherightthingstosay.答案think→thinking此处为固定短语“havetrouble(in)doingsth.”,意为“做某事有困难”,故think改为thinking。9.Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredgetyourcarwashed.答案required∧→to根据“berequiredtodosth.”可知,get之前应该添加不定式符号to。10.Inoticedthatthecarriagewasnoiseandfilledwithpeople.答案noise→noisywas之后应用形容词作表语,结合语境可知,名词noise应改为形容词noisy。11.IalsosharedmanyphotostakinginBeijingwithmyfriends.答案taking→taken名词photos之后为非谓语动词作后置定语,且表示被动完成,故taking改为taken。12.Afterwaitingforhalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.答案impatiently→impatientget之后应该接形容词impatient作表语。13.Hehadtimeforaproperlybreakfastandwasstillthefirsttoreachthefactory.答案properly→proper在名词breakfast之前应用形容词proper作定语。14.WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity;IthinkIwouldbehappythere.答案think→thought根据语境可知,think使用错误,此处应用一般过去时态,故think改为thought。15.There,Katiawillintroducemetosomeofherfriends,oneofwhohasbeentoChinaseveraltimes.答案who→whom第二个逗号之后为非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,关系词作介词of的宾语,故who使用错误,应改为whom。专题一句子成分教师备用题库单句填空Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednew(medicine)equipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.答案medical空格处在句中作名词equipment的定语,结合语境可知,空格处填形容词medica