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OnArgumentativewriting关于议论文写作Lecturer:韩存新集美大学外国语学院英语系专业英语四级作文评分标准(standardsofgrading)一星级•第1级者得3-5分,其特征是:“几乎无交流”,具体表•现为“根本没有满足写作要求。既无结构,又无内在逻辑。•几乎所有的句子都存在单词,拼写,标点或句法方面的错误。•缺乏准确地使用语言的能力。即使相当努力地阅读,大部分行文仍然难以理解。”二星级•第2级者得6-8分,其特征是:“错误频出,交流有碍”,•具体表现为“文章只是满足了部分写作要求。文章结构差,•在流畅,清晰,一致和支撑诸方面时有缺欠。在单词,拼写,•标点或句法方面错误百出。表明作者准确地使用语言的能力有限。全文阅读有一定的障碍。”三星级•第3级者得9-11分,其特征是:“交流尚可,稍有错•误”,具体表现为“文章正确地满足了大部分的写作要求。•尽管在流畅,清晰,一致和支撑方面偶有欠缺,总体而言,结构展开充分。尽管文章在单词,拼写,标点或句法方面偶有错误,并时而导致语意模糊,但作文在一定程度上表明作者具有比较准确地使用语言的能力。全文阅读偶有障碍。”四星级•第4级者得14-12分,其特征是:“近乎无误的良好交流”,具体表现为“尽管各部分之间有所起伏,但文章正确地满足了几乎所有的写作要求。一般地讲,有主题,有论证,结构展开充分,逻辑严紧。相对来讲,很少单词,拼写,标点或句法方面的错误。作文表明作者具有准确地使用语言的能力。全文阅读很少障碍。”五星级•第5级者得15分,其特征是:“准确高效的交流”,具体表现为“文章富有成效地满足了写作要求。结构展开充分,逻辑严紧,主题明确,论证充分详实。无单词,拼写,标点或句法方面的错误。作文表明作者具有相当的准确地使用语言的能力。全文阅读无障碍。”Structure•Title：Thefirstlettersofthefirstwordandallthecontentwordsshouldbecapitalizede.g.WillTourismBringHarmtotheEnvironment?(Title)•PartI:Introduction(about60words)•PartII:Body(about100words)•PartII:Conclusion(about40words)•Inthefirstpart,youshouldstatespecificallywhatyouropinionis.•Inthesecondpart,provideoneortworeasonstosupportyouropinion.•Inthelastpart,bringwhatyourhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.MORE•Handwriting•Clearstructure(3or4paragraphs)•Nospellingmistakes•Noorlessgrammarmistakes•Avoidcomplexsentences•Check写作构思示意图标题引论正文结论1回应论题或者阐述别人观点2话题一转，阐述自己的看法观点1观点2同上1观点陈述2例子一句话总结。指出问题所在，提出建议。观点3不推荐Example(TEM42009)•TourismisaboomingbusinessinChina.However,somepeopleworrythattoomanytouristsmaybringharmtotheenvironment,whileothersdon'tthinkso.Whatisyouropinion?WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEacompositionofabout200wordsonthefollowingtopic:WillTourismBringHarmtotheEnvironment?ModelEssay范文•WillTourismBringHarmtotheEnvironment?(Title)Introduction•Inrecentyears,tourismhasdevelopedrapidlyinChina.Manypeoplebelievethattourismproducepositiveeffectsoneconomicgrowthandweshouldtryourbesttopromotetourism.(others’viewpoints)•Butwhatthesepeoplefailtoseeisthattourismmaybringaboutadisastrousimpactonourenvironment.Asforme,I'mfirmlyconvincedthattoomanytouristsbringharmtotheenvironment.(myviewpoint)Body•Thebadimpactoftourismontheenvironmenthasmainlyexpresseditselfinvariousways.(introductorysentence引语)•Onewayistheprocessofexploitinganewscenicspot.Inordertoattracttourists,alotofartificialfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,whichhavecertainunfavorableeffectsontheenvironment.Thisprocessusuallybreakstheecologicalbalanceofthearea.Insomemountainousplaces,treesarebeingcutdowntobuildhotelsforotherstoseeandexplorethebeautyofthemountains.Thenlandslidesandmud-rockflowscomeup.viewpointFactsandevidences•Anotherwaythedevelopmentoftourismhasdamagedtheenvironmentoccurswhentouristsgotoscenicspots.Sometouristsdon'thavetheawarenesstoprotecttheenvironment,andignorantlythrowtheirgarbagehereandthere.Somepeopleevenkillthelocalwildlifetoeat,whichbadlydamagesthebalanceofthenaturalenvironment.Evidence1Evidence2viewpointConclusion•Itiswrongtosacrificetheenvironmentforthegrowthoftourism.(whatandwhy?)•Wemustkeepinmindthat(Because)toomuchtouristsbringharmtotheenvironment.•(Whattosuggest?)Weneedtofindabalancebetweensatisfyingtheneedsoftouristsandreducingthepollutiontheycausetoaminimum.Students’model学生范文•0815DuWanru•0816HongJingruWillTourismBringHarmtotheEnvironment?--0815DuWanruIntheageofinformationandcommunication,tourismplaysanimportantrole.Ithasbecomeapopulargloballeisureactivity,andbringsmanybenefitstoourcountry.Butwiththedevelopmentofourtourism,alotofproblemshavesurfaced.AsasIamconcerned,Iamgreatlyconvincedthattoomuchtourismbringsharmtotheenvironment.(Introduction)Body•Amongvariouskindsofbadapects,thefollowingonesshouldbementioned.Foronething,whenvisiting,manytouristswilllitteraboutandthuspollutingourenvironment.Foranother,toattractmoretourists,moreandmorebuildingsandfacilitieswillbebuiltandthusoccupyalotoflandandthousandsoftreeswillbecutdown.Andwhatseemstobethetroubleisthatsomefacilitieswilldoharmtoourenvironment.•Whenbenefitingfromthetourism,weshouldnotneglectitsinfluenceontheenvironment.Itcanbeeasilyprovedthatsacrificingtheenvironmentfortheboomingoftourismissurelywrong.Onlywiththebalancebetweenthetourismandtheenvironmentcanwereallybenefit.Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthattoomuchtourismwillbringharmtotheenvironmentandthinktwicebeforedevelopingtourism,tryourbesttoreducethepollution.(Conclusion)WillTourismBringHarmtotheEnvironment?-0816HongJingru•WiththedevelopmentofChinesetourism,moreandmoreforeigntouristshavebeenflowingintoChinaforavisit.Andthisproducesmanypositiveeffects,likeprogress,prosperity,employmentandstabilityonoureconomyandtoourgovernment.Atthesametime,itleadsourcountrytohavebetterreputation.Everycoinhastwosides.Weallfailtoseethebadeffectsthatitmaycausetoourenvironment.Wehavetosacrificeandgiveupournaturalbeautyandenvironmenttopayforallourbenefits.(introduction)•Firstistheexploitingscenicspots,transportationandhotels.Inordertoattractmoretourists,weneedtoexploitmorescenicspots,hotelsandrestaurantsthatleadmanyspacetobeneeded.Forests,mountainsandtreeswereremovedandcutdown.Animalsandlivingorganismsdisappearorbe