选修8-unit1-单词

1．[教材原句]．..,whichtodaystillkeeps_uptheirDanishculture.(U1P2)[真题呈现](2010·福建，30)We'vejustmovedintoabiggerhouseandthere'salottodo.Let's__________it.A．keepupwithB．doawaywithC．getdowntoD．lookforwardto[考题巧解]解析：考查动词短语的辨析。句意：我们刚刚搬进这大些的房子，还有许多工作要做。让我们干起来吧。A项“跟上，赶上”；B项“使终止，废除”；C项“开始工作，开始认真干……”；D项“盼望着”。答案：C2．[教材原句]Yes.Itdidn'toccur_to_me_that...(U1P5)[真题呈现](2010·陕西，18)Itneveroccurredtome________youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A．whichB．whatC．thatD．if[考题巧解]解析：句意：我从未想到你能成功说服他改变主意。It(never)occurredtomethat...是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，that是真正主语从句的引导词。答案：C3．[教材原句]Somedidnotevenhavelightbuttheimmigrantshadnowhereelsetogo.(U1P8)[真题呈现](2010·辽宁，27)Weonlyhad$100andthatwas________tobuyanewcomputer.A．nowherenearenoughB．nearenoughnowhereC．enoughnearnowhereD．nearnowhereenough[考题巧解]解析：句意：我们只有100美元，这决不够买一台新电脑的。nowherenear为固定短语，意为“决不，差得远，远不及”。enough修饰副词时要放在副词之后。答案：AⅠ.单词速记1．adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的________→n.差别；区分；卓著________2．n.大多数；大半________→adj.主要的________→(反义词)n.少数________3．vt.选择；决定________→n.选择；选举________4．n.(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期________→adj.繁荣的________5．n.申请人________→v.申请；使用；应用________→n.申请________6．n.海关；关税；进口税________→n.风俗；习惯________→n.顾客；主顾________7．vi.发生；出现________→(过去式)________→(过去分词)________→n.发生的事________8．vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示________→n.迹象________→adj.标示的；标志的；暗示的________9．adj.显然的；表面上的________→adv.显然地；显而易见地________→(近义词)adj.显然的________10．vi.&n.滑动；滑行；滑倒________→n.拖鞋________→adj.感觉滑的；看上去滑的________11．vt.&n.租用；雇用________→(反义词)v.解雇______12．n.处罚；惩罚________→v.惩罚________13．n.正义；公平________→adj.公平的________→(同义词)adj.________→adv.公正地________14．v.哀悼；悼念________→adj.悲哀的；哀悼的________→n.哀痛；悲痛________15．n.权威；权力(pl.)当局；官方________→adj.权威性的；可信的；可靠的________16．v.&n.改革；改造________→n.改革者；革新者____________17．vt.&n.抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会________→adj.贪财而吝啬的________18．n.行李→(同义词)(美)________答案：1.distinct;distinction2.majority;major;minority3．elect;election4.boom;booming5.applicant;apply;application6.customs;custom;customer7.occur;occurred;occurred;occurrence8.indicate;indication;indicative9.apparent;apparently;abvious10.slip;slipper;slippery11.hire;fire12.punishment;punish13.justice;just;fair;justly14.mourn;mournful;mourning15.authority;authoritative16.reform;reformer17.grasp;grasping18.luggage;baggageⅡ.短语突破1．________________继续存在；继续生存2．________________用……办法；借助……3．________________习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4．________________坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)5．________________背靠背6．________________与……合作或一起工作7．________________画线；标出……界线8．________________包括；吸收9．________________许多；很多10．________________申请；请示得到答案：1.liveon2.bymeansof...3.makealife4.keepup5．backtoback6.teamupwith7.markout8.takein9.agreat/goodmany10.applyforⅢ.句型总结1．ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA，________________peoplefromallovertheworld.加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。2．However，________________________________NativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而，土著美国人很可能在一万五千年前就在加州生活着。3．Twocenturieslater,theSpanishhad________________mostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastof________________________________theUnitedStates.二百年后，西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国所在的西北沿海。答案：1.havingattracted2.itislikelythat3.settledin;whatwenowcall1．meansn.[C]方法；手段(单复数同形)Agirltriedseveralmeanstoglanceatherneighbor’sanswer,whichshamedherself.EverymeansItriedisintendedtoencourageyoutofulfillyourdream.Allpossiblemeans__________beentired.Everypossiblemeans__________beentired.A.have，haveB.has，hasB.C.have，hasD.has，have(2)bynomeans决不；一点也不(倒装)byallmeans务必；不惜一切地；当然可以；没问题bymeansof通过；用；借助于bythismeans用这种方法(＝inthisway＝withthismethod)(3)means,way,method和approachmethod/means/way＋ofsth./ofdoing；way＋todosth.approach＋tosth./doingsth.①Weexpressourthoughtsbymeansofwords.②Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.③“MayIborrowyourpaper？”“Byallmeans.”④I'vebeenmeaningtophoneyouallweek.2．majorityn.大多数；大半(1)ina/themajority占大多数haveamajorityoversb.获得多于某人的……；战胜某人by/withamajorityof以大多数……赢得……(2)minorityn.少数intheminority占少数(3)majoradj.较大的；较多的；主要的vi.主修n.主修课majorinEnglish主修英语Themajorityof+可数n（谓语动词复数）Themajorityof+不可数（谓语动词单数）Themajorityofstudentsarereadytostruggleforabrightfuture._______ofpeople__________toprefer_________gamestoplayinggames.A.Themajority;seem;watchingB.Themajority;seems;towatchC.Majority;seem;watchingD.Majority;seems;towatch[运用提升]Lessthantwentypercentoftheemployeesintheircompanyarewomen.Thatistosay,womenareinthe________.A．majorityB．activityC．probabilityD．minority答案：Dintheminority“占少数”。sth.occurstosb.sth.strikessb.sth.comestosb.Itoccurstosb.that­clauseItstrikessb.that­clauseIthitssb.that­clause某人突然想起……3．occurvi.发现；出现(occurred,occurred)[归纳拓展]①Thekeytothemathproblemoccurredtomeinadream.②Itdidn'toccurtomethatshewouldcallmeback.③Itoccurredtohertotakeapictureofthecompositionandsendittome.[运用提升]Itsuddenly________tomethatwecouldusethecomputertodothejob.A．struckB．occurredC．happenedD．saw答案：B4．indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示①Iaskedhimwherethenewschoolwasandheindicatedtheroadahead.我问他新校在哪里，他指给我前面那条路。②Theblackcloudsindicatethatitwillrainsoon.乌云表明很快就要下雨了。[词汇拓展](1)作“指出；指示”讲时，后面经常接名词；(2)作“表明；象征”讲时，后面可以接名词或宾语从句，即“indicate＋n./(that)．..”；(3)indicationn.暗示；表示；预兆。①Thearro