14虚拟语气

虚拟语气表示一个人所说的话不是事实上发生的事或者是不大可能发生的事，只是表达说话者的愿望、建议或假设。请根据以上例句中虚拟条件句与主句的谓语动词的形式，完成下表：虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反一般过去时（be用1._____________）would/should/could/might+动词原形与将来事实相反2.______________或wereto+动词原形或should+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反3.________________would/should/could/might+have+过去分词过去完成时were一般过去时另外，有时虚拟条件句与主句发生的时间不一致，就构成错综时间虚拟语气。如：BenJohnsonwouldstillbethe100metersworldrecordholderifhehadnotbeencaughttakingdrugsinthe1988Olympics.本-约翰逊如果在1998年奥运会上没有被查出服用兴奋剂的话，今天他还可能是世界纪录的保持者。有时只有主句，不出现虚拟条件句，而是用without,with,butfor(要不是)等介词短语，或者用but,or,otherwise等副词或连词来表示虚拟条件，可称之为含蓄条件虚拟语气。如：Iwassobusythen，otherwise,Iwouldhavehelpedhim.我当时很忙，要不然，我会帮助他的。Wecouldn’thavefinisheditwithoutMary.如果没有玛丽，我们是不能按时完成这个工作的。Butfor(=ifithadnotbeenfor)yourhelp,Iwouldn’thavebeensuccessful.要是没有你的帮助，我就不会成功。一、动词填空用所给词的适当形式填空。1.IfI_____(be)you,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.2.IfI_________(know)youlikedchocolates,I_______________(buy)moreforyouyesterday.werehadknownwouldhavebought3.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,we____________(stay)homeallday.4.Ifyou_________(take)myadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexam.wouldstayhadtaken5.Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,you________(be)finenow.6.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe____________________(score)agoal.wouldbewouldhavescored7.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun’sheat,theearthatnight________(be)freezingcold,toocoldforustolive.wouldbe二、翻译句子将下列句子译成英语。1.昨天我要知道你电话号码的话，就告诉你真相了。__________________________________________________________________.2.如果我年轻10岁，我会从头开始的。_______________________________________________.IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,IwouldhavetoldyouthetruthIfIwere10yearsyounger,Iwouldstartalloveragain3.明天我要去那里的话，我就带着我的女儿。____________________________________________________________.4.要是我早想到这一点，就不会做这样愚蠢的事情了。_______________________________________________________________.IfIhadthoughtofitearlier,Iwouldn’thavedonesofoolishthingsIfIwenttheretomorrow,Iwouldtakemydaughterwithme三、写作运用Theeightchildrenleftussuddenly,whichmadeeveryoneofusgrieved.Iftheywerealivetoday,theywouldstudyandplayhappilywiththeirpeers.Andiftheyshould/were/weretoliveintheworldin10or20years,theycouldbethehopeofthecountry.Hadtheirparentsknowntheincidentinadvance,theywouldhavepreventeditfromhappening.Inaword,ifthewholesocietyhadbeenmoreconcernedaboutchildren,therewouldn’thavebeensomanytragediesinkindergartensorprimaryschools.HowIwishthathadn’thappened!(Ifonlythathadn’thappened!/Iwouldratherthathadn’thappened!)一、动词填空用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Ifshehadbeenwarnedearlier,she____________________(notbreak)therules.2.IwishI________(see)heryesterday.wouldn’thavebrokenhadseen3.Thedoctororderedthatshe___________(stay)inbedforafewdays.4.Itisveryimportantthatyou_______________(master)theskillsofcomputer.(should)stay(should)master5.Englishteachersgiveadvicethatwe___________(make)gooduseofeverychancetospeakEnglish.6.Itishightimethatwe___________(take)somemeasurestoprotectthewildanimals.(should)maketook/shouldtake7.Iwouldrathershe_______(come)tomorrow.8.IfIweretenyearsyounger,I_______(start)alloveragain.camewouldstart9.HowIwisheveryfamily____(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!10.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____(be)broken.hadwere11.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe_______(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe___________(have)amedicalexamination.shouldhavewas二、写作运用Itisstrangethatnowadaysmanyparentsshouldgivetheirchildrenmoneytoencouragethemtostudyhard.Ofcourse,childrenarehappytoreceivemoneyasareward.Inmyopinion,itisnecessarythatparentsshouldencouragechildrentostudyhard,butitiswrongtousemoneyasaway.SoIsuggestparentsshouldguidetheirchildrentoformagoodhabitoflearning.What’smore,itishightimethatparentsencouragedtheirchildrenwithaction.