英文书信写作English Letter Writing

英文书信写作EnglishLetterWriting•Introduction•LetterwritingteststheEnglishletterwritingskilloftheexaminees．Inthisunit，wearegoingtofocusondifferenttypesofletterwriting，theirformandlanguage．WewillalsogiveyousomeadviceonhowtowriteaneffectiveEnglishletter．•Typeofletters（信的类型）•Englishlettersaregenerallydividedintotwotypes：•a．personalletters个人书信•b．businessletters事务书信•Form（格式）•AnEnglishletterusuallyconsistsofsixparts：heading（信头），insideaddress（收信人地址），salutation（称呼），body（信主体），complimentaryclose（结尾客套语）andsignature（署名）．•1）Heading：Intheupperrighthandcornerofthefirstpage，writeyourfulladdressandthedate．•2）InsideAddress：Ontheleftside，abovethesalutation，putthenameandfulladdressoftheaddressee．However，thisisoftenomittedinpersonalletters．•3）Salutation：Thegreetingtotheaddressee，writtenflushwiththeleftmargin，twospacesbelowtheinsideaddress．Acommafollowsthesalutationinapersonalletter；inabusinessletter，itisfollowedbyacolon（：）．Besides，inpersonalletters，firstnamesareusuallyused，whileinbusinessletters，thesurnamesareused．•4）Body：Thecontentsoftheletter．•5）ComplimentaryClose：Theclosingofaletter．•Theconventionalcomplimentaryclosesinbusinesslettersare：“Yourstruly，”“Yourssincerely，”“Sincerelyyours，”“Sincerely，”“Cordiallyyours，”“Yourscordially，”etc．•Thecloseofapersonalletterisofamorefreechoice．“Yours，”Affectionately，“Fondly，”“Yourswithlove，”“Love，”“Withbestwishes，”etc．•6）Signature：Putyourname（alwayshandwritten）．ConventionalFormat:Letterhead__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ComplimentaryClose,SignatureInsideAddress____________________________Salutation:Date:___________BodyFunctionsofBusinessLetterstoinform,whichreferstoconveyingthevastamountofinformationneededtoday-to-dayoperationsofthebusiness;toinfluence,whichmeansthatmessagesincludedinabusinesslettershouldalsoinfluencethereader’sattitudesandfunctions.CriteriaforBusinessLettersA.COURTESYInourletters,weshouldalwayskeepinmindthepersonwearewritingto,seethingsfromhisangle,visualizehiminhissurroundings,seehisproblemsanddifficultiesandexpressideasintermsofhisexperience.B.CORRECTNESSCorrectgrammar,punctuationandspellingarebasicrequirementsforbusinessletterwriting.Also,weshouldchoosethecorrectleveloflanguageanduseaccurateinformationanddatainourletters.CriteriaforBusinessLettersC.CLARITYWeshouldfirstidentifywhatwewanttoexpressandthenexpresstheideainplain,simplewordsandformats.D.COMPLETENESSOurlettersshouldincludeallthenecessaryinformationanddata.E.CONCISENESSWeshouldwriteinthefewestpossiblewordswithoutsacrificingcompletenessandcourtesy.F.CONCRETENESSOurwritingshouldbevivid,specificanddefinite.TheGeneralProceduresforBusinessLetterWriting:1.Determineourpurposeofwritingacertainletter.2.Identifywhothereadersare.3.Organizethemessage,whichistobecontainedintheletter.4.Writeadraft.5.Polishthewriting.ElementsofBusinessLettersandTheirPositionsintheLetter:LetterheadReferenceNumberDateInsideAddressParticularAddressorAttentionLineSalutationSubjectLineorCaption_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ComplimentaryCloseSignatureIECBlockPostscriptBodyoftheletter1)信头(letterhead)Structure－－－2）编号，日期3）封内名称和地址(insideaddress)(referenceanddate)4）经办人(attention)5）称呼(salutation)6）事由（标题）(subject)7）正文(body)8）结尾敬词(complimentary)9）签名(signature)10）附件(enclosure)11）抄送(cctoXX)12）附言(postscript)Aletterheadgenerallycontainsthefollowinginformation:ThenameofthefirmItsaddressandpostalcodeFaxnumberInternetaddressTelephonenumberTelegraphicandtelexaddressE-mailaddressTrademarkorabriefslogan,etc.Letterhead•外贸商号的信笺，一般都印有信头，包括发信人的姓名、地址、电话号码、传真号、及E-mail等，有些会将经营项目，注册商标和公司董事、经理等姓名一并印在信头上。如需打印，则信头位于信笺上中央或右上方。EASTERNTEXTILESIMP.&EXP.CO.,LTD.34297ShangchengRoad,Shanghai,ChinaTel:6606811Fax:[e-mail]aLetterhead:ExamplesoftheFormatsofReferenceNumber:Yourref:ALMOurref:5511/TLDearSirs,DearSirs,Yourref:ALMDearSirs,WerefertoyourletterofNovember12,2004,ref.TY1160…ExamplesoftheFormatsofDate:24thMarch,2004March24th,200424March,2004March24,2004ReferenceandDate•参考号：为便于存档与查阅，可以为信编写参考号，为避免混淆，最好标明Yourref:Ourref:打印日期注意事项：A.年份应完全写出，不能用(94)代替(1994)B.月份要写英文名称，不能用数字来代替，但可以用缩写。C.日期最好用基数字。ExamplesoftheFormatsofInsideAddress:Ms.CeciliaGreenSalesManagerABCCompany123BerryDriveMinneapolis,MN55106U.S.A.ExamplesoftheFormatsofInsideAddress:VicePresidentMessrs.J.Harvey&Co.66HighStreetAnytown,AY12BFChinaNationalMachineryImport&ExportCorp.36,JianshanRoadDalian,116023People’sRepublicofChinaExamplesoftheFormatsofParticularAddressorAttentionLine:ChinaNationalMachineryImport&ExportCorp.36,JianshanRoadDalian,116023People’sRepublicofChinaAttention:Mr.Wang,ExportManagerInsidenameandAddress•受信人的姓名和地址一般是列在信笺的左上方，沿左页边线写起。封内地址与信封地址写法相同。信内把收信人名称地址写明对工作有便利。对发信人而言，便利有二：一是发信时可与信封地址相互对照，避免放入信封时发生差误；二是发信后便于准确归档，便于以后查找。对收信人而言，便利也有二：一是收信人读信时，如发现信封名称地址与封内名称地址不符，可以知道是放入信封时发生错误，将信返回；二是收信后如信封与信函分离原信仍能保持完