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语法专项突破系列名词性从句考点1主语从句★★★★★(1)that连接从句时,没有具体意思,不充当句子成分,只是起标志性的作用,但that不能省略。what引导时,既要在从句中充当成分,又有意义。*Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.我从来没想到你会成功地说服他改变主意。(2)whether连接从句时,表示怀疑,不能省略,意为“是否”,在句首时不能用if替换。*Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.旧汽车站是否应该被重建为现代化的宾馆仍然在商讨中。(3)连接代词、连接副词引导主语从句时不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。*Itwasneverclearwhythemanhadn’treportedtheaccidentsooner.这个人为什么没有尽快报告这个事故,还不清楚。(4)主语从句要用陈述语序,即主谓语序。【点津】(1)用it作形式主语的常用句型有:①It+系动词+形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)+that从句②It+be+名词(短语)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)+that从句③It+be+过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)+that从句④It+特殊动词(seems,appears,happens,matters)+that从句ItisapitythatImissedthepartyheldlastnight.很遗憾我错过了昨晚举行的聚会。Itisreportedthattheaccidentwascausedbycarelessness.据报道,该事故源于(司机的)粗心驾驶。(2)在Itisnecessary/important/suggested/advised/ordered+that从句结构中,从句用“(should+)动词原形”。【典题印证】用适当的连词填空(2014·天津高考)Ithinkimpressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.解题关键:分析句子结构可知,Ithink后是宾语从句,宾语从句中谓语动词是is,其前是主语从句,主语从句中谓语动词impresses前又缺主语。答案判定:句意:我认为他的绘画给我留下深刻印象的是他使用的颜色。故填what。【高考集训】用适当的连词填空1.(2014·北京高考)Somepeoplebelieve________hashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.2.(2014·大纲版全国卷)Exactly_____thepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.3.(2013·北京高考)_____makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.whateverwhenWhat4.(2013·重庆高考)_____struckmemostinthemoviewasthefather’sdeeploveforhisson.5.(2012·山东高考)Itdoesn’tmatter________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.6.(2012·安徽高考)Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but________hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Whatwhetherwhether考点2宾语从句★★★★(1)that连接宾语从句时通常可以省略(但多个并列的宾语从句中只能省略第一个that),没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只是起连接作用。what引导时,既要在从句中充当成分,又有意义。*HesaidthathewasfromHunanProvince.他说他来自湖南省。(2)在whether/if连接的宾语从句中,whether/if意为“是否”(但在whether...ornot结构中,或者whether引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时,以及whether+todo结构中和whether引导的从句作少数动词(如leave,put,discuss,doubt,know等)的宾语时,只能用whether,不能用if来替换)。*We’veofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknowwhethershe’llacceptit.我们已经为她提供了这份工作,但我不知道她是否会接受。*Idon’tknowwhethertoleaveornot.我不知道是否要离开。(3)连接代词、连接副词引导宾语从句时不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。*Ourteachersalwaystellustobelieveinwhatwedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.老师总是告诉我们,如果想要成功,就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们是谁。(4)有些动词或动词短语,如like,hate,appreciate,hide,dependon,seeto等,一般不直接跟宾语从句,需要借助形式宾语it。*Idon’tlikeitwhenyoulookatmelikethat!我不喜欢你那样看着我!(5)当主句的主语是第一人称时,在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句若是否定的,就运用否定转移,将否定词转移到主句谓语动词上。*Idon’tbelieveshewillattendthemeeting.我认为她不会来参加该会议。(6)it作形式宾语,真正的宾语后置,常用此种结构的及物动词有find,make,think,feel,consider等。*Ifinditimportantthatweshouldkeepcalmindanger.我发现在危险面前保持镇静是很重要的。(7)不论主句为何种句型,宾语从句都用陈述语序。【典题印证】用适当的连词填空(2014·山东高考)Itisdifficultforustoimaginelifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.解题关键:本题中imagine是及物动词,其后接的从句是宾语从句,而在宾语从句中,介词like后缺宾语。答案判定:句意:对我们来说很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样的。所以用what。【高考集训】用适当的连词填空1.(2014·福建高考)Pickyourselfup.Courageisdoing_____you’reafraidtodo.2.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Policehavefound_____appearstobethelostancientstatue.3.(2013·北京高考)Expertsbelieve____peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.whatwhatthat4.(2013·上海高考)Somepeoplecaremuchabouttheirappearanceandalwaysaskiftheylookfinein_____theyarewearing.5.(2012·辽宁高考)Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor________hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.6.(2012·福建高考)Wepromise________attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.whatwhateverwhoever考点3同位语从句★★★(1)that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句,that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。what引导时,既要在从句中充当成分,又有意义。另外,注意定语从句中的引导词that也要在从句中作成分(主语、宾语)。*Whenthenewscamethatthewarbrokeout,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定到军队中服役。(2)whether连接从句时从句来源于一般疑问句,whether不能省略,意为“是否”,不能用if替换。*Heaskedherthequestionwhethertheycanbefriends.他问她一个问题:他们能否成为朋友。(3)连接代词、连接副词引导同位语从句时连接词不能省略,并在从句中充当句子成分。*Heshowedushiswayhowheworkedoutthatproblem.他向我们展示了他计算那道题的方法。(4)同位语从句要用陈述语序,即主谓语序。【点津】(1)suggestion,advice,order,request,requirement等名词后的同位语从句需用“(should+)动词原形”。(2)同位语从句常跟在一些名词后,对这些名词进行解释、说明。注意积累和总结以下名词:fact,idea,news,truth,hope,doubt,suggestion,belief,evidence等。【典题印证】用适当的连词填空(2014·重庆高考)—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?—Yeah,butIhavenoideahedidit;that’soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.解题关键:idea后接同位语从句,表示某个想法的具体内容。根据that’soneofhisfavoriteuniversities(那是他最喜欢的大学之一)可知,“我”不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因。答案判定:句意:——昨天迈克拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取,这是真的吗?——是的,但是我不知道他为什么这样做;那是他最喜欢的大学之一。所以用why。【高考集训】用适当的连词填空1.(2013·上海高考)Ihavenoidea____thecellphoneisn’tworking,socouldyoufixitforme?2.(2013·浙江高考)Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief____youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.whythat3.(2012·江苏高考)Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon____themeetingwouldbepostponed.4.(2012·重庆高考)Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy____children’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.5.(2012·浙江高考)Imadeapromisetomyself____thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.thatthatthat考点4表语从句★★★(1)that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句,that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只是起连接作用。what引导时,既要在从句中充当成分,又有意义。*Partof