基于单片机智能交流电压表的设计

嵌入式应用软件园，版权所有，请勿转载/销售。1基于单片机智能交流电压表的设计摘要电工参数一般包括电压、电流、功率、频率、功率因数等。在电网调度自动化的设备中需要配置多只测量显示上述电工参数的镶嵌式面板表，如电压表、电流表、功率表等等，其一般均为指针式面板表，精度低，可视距离近，数据需要人工抄录，浪费人力资源，数据管理不便，容易出错。近年来，随着微电子技术的迅速发展和超大规模集成电路的出现，特别是单片机的出现，正在引起测量控制仪表领域的新的技术革命。本文在研究国内外有关智能仪器仪表最新科研成果的基础上，采用单片机为测量仪器的主控制器，设计出可与上位计算机进行通信的新型智能交流电压表。这种以单片机为主体的新型智能仪表将计算机技术与测量控制技术结合在一起，在测量过程自动化，测量结果数据处理以及功能的多样化方面都取得了巨大的进步。关键词:单片机，智能仪表，数据处理，通信如需此论文Word版本，单片机程序/单片机技术支持，请访问:嵌入式应用软件园。嵌入式应用软件园，版权所有，请勿转载/销售。2IntelligencealternatingvoltagemeteronSingle-chipMicrocomputerAbstractElectricalparameterincludesvoltage,current,power,frequencypowerfactor,andsoon.Theadjustmentsystemofelectricalnetworkneedsmanypanelinstrumentsthatcanshowtheelectricalparameter,suchasvoltage,current,power,cycleetc.Usuallytheseinstrumentisnotaccurate,wastesmanpowerresource,andthemanagementofthedataisinconvenientandeasytomistake.Recentlythedevelopmentofmicro-electronicstechnologyandtheadventofSLSI,especiallytheadvent.Ofsinglechip,leadtoanewrevolutioninthefieldofinstrument.Inthispaper，onthebasisofstudyingtheuptodatefruitofinstrument,anewintellectiveinstrumentwhichadoptssinglechipascontrolcoreandwhichcancommunicatewiththePCisdesigned.Thisappliancewhichbasesonthesinglechipcompoundsthetechnologyofcomputerandmeasure.Itisimprovedverymuchonprocessingresultandthediversificationoffunction.Keywords:singlechip,intellectiveinstrument,dataprocess,communication.嵌入式应用软件园，版权所有，请勿转载/销售。3目录引言.........................................................................................................................................6第一章方案选择.........................................................................................................................71.1设计结构图..............................................................................................................................71.2芯片的选择...............................................................................................................................7第二章硬件电路设计..................................................................................................................92.1总硬件电路设计.......................................................................................................................92.2AT89S51单片机简介...............................................................................................................92.2.1芯片特点...........................................................................................................................92.2.2芯片管脚介绍.................................................................................................................102.3电压信号采样.........................................................................................................................122.3.1设计原理简介.................................................................................................................122.3.2精密电压互感器SPT205B...........................................................................................122.4A/D转换电路.........................................................................................................................142.4.1A/D转换芯片介绍..........................................................................................................142.4.2TLC1549与单片机的连接.............................................................................................152.5显示单元.................................................................................................................................162.5.1MAX7219芯片的介绍...................................................................................................162.5.2引脚说明.........................................................................................................................162.5.3工作原理.........................................................................................................................172.5.4显示单元与单片机连接电路........................................................................................182.6通信接口硬件设计................................................................................................................182.6.1数据通信基础.................................................................................................................192.6.2RS-232标准接口总线....................................................................................................192.6.3芯片MAX485介绍.......................................................................................................20第三章软件部分.........................................................................................................................233.1软件整体结构........................................................................................................................233.2电压采集模块........................................................................................................................243.2.1数字滤波.........................................................................................................................243.2.2A/D转换................................