市场竞争_东道国引资政策与跨国公司的技术转移

©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:3,,:210093,:[e-mail](:06JSCYJ005),2004(:05JJD790012),,,,80%(Dunning,1992),,80%(UNCTAD,1992),,(BlomstrÊmKokko,1996)Kokko(1994),Kokko,,Kokko:Lloyd(1996),,,,;,BlomstrÊmWolff(1994)AitkenHarriison(1997)HejaziSafarian(1999)Krishna(2004),:FDI7820076©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.Êm(1992),WangBlomstrÊm,,,WangBlomstrÊm(1992),WangBlomstrÊm(1992),,,,,WangBlomstrÊm(1992),MattooaOlarreagaaSaggic(2004)MattooaOlarreagaaSaggic,,,M-O-S,Mattooa,Kokko(1995),2070,2005,1263812,6152128,511985(,2006),,(,2002a,2002b),,,,,(2004),,,,(2004)(2006),,,,,:,,,,,,Mattooa2Olarreagaa2Saggic,,:;;;88:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(zy),:U(z,y)=u(z)+y,y,z,,u(z):p(q)=a-q,qn-1z,ch=c,,,,,cf,cf=c-x,,x,,:C(x)=x2P2,C(x):C(x)0,C(x)0,,,,C(x),,,,,,x,f1;,,:ch2=c-x,,01,,f2,,,,ijij,i=h,f,j=1,2,ij:ij=[pj(qj)-cij]qij=(a-q-ij-qij-cij)qij(1)qijij,q-ijij,ij:5ij5qij=a-cij-2qij=0(2),():f=2j=1fj(qhj,qfj;x)-C(x)(3),dfdx=0,:2j=15fi5qfjdqfjdx+(n-1)5fj5qfjdqhjdx+5fj5x-dC(x)dx=0(4),5fj5qfj=0,(4)0,,xE:xE=2(a-c)[n(-2+)-]22+n2(4-4+22-)--2n(-2+22+)(5)d2fdx20,,d2fdx2=9820076©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(-1+n)n+2(-1+n)22-(1+n)2(1+n)2,4,d2fdx20,1:,:xE,:dxEd=2(a-c)(1+n)2[n(-2)-]2,=22+n2(4-4+22-)--2n(-2+22+),dxEd0,,,(5):dxEd=-2(a-c)[22++n2(4-8+22+)+n(8-42+2)]2,dxEd0,,:,,,;:,,,,,,BruunBennnt(2002),,,,,(5),,xE|=1=2(a-c)(1+n)-2+n2(-2+)++2n,,xE|=10,,,,,0,:2:,,,,(,2001;,2003;,2006),,3:,,,;,,,01196,,:(5),:09:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.=-2[23+n2(-2+)(4-4+22-)-2+3+2n(-4+4-22+)][-22++n2(-4+4-22+)+2n(-2+22+)]2(6)0,:lim0dxEdn=4[-n(-4+)+][n2(-4+)++2n]20,,,(6)0,,:01196,,n,dxEdn0,,,,,,,,,,hCS,:W=2j=1[(n-1)hj+CSj]=2j=1(n-1)(qhj)2+12(qj)2,qhjj,qjj4:,,,,,,,:,:dCSdx=2x+(2-+n)[(a-c)n+(-1+n)x](1+n)20,,:dCSd=(-1+n)[(a-c)n+x+(-1+n)x]x(1+n)20,n,:dCSdn=2(a-c+x)(an-cn+x)+x[(a-c)(-1+3n)-(-3+n)x]+2(-1+n)x22(1+n)30,,,,,,:h=h1+h2=(a-c-x)2(1+n)2+(a-c-x+2x)2(1+n)2,h1h2dh1dx0,1920076©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,;,,,,;,,,12,,,,:h=h-hh0,,h=0,x0,x:x=(a-c)n(1-2+2)2n(1-)+n2(-1+)2+(2n+1)(1-2+22)(7)xx,h0(7),dxd=0,,,,dxd0,Lim0xLim1x,,,,1(a-c=1);,,dxd0,,,,,,,11,,,,;,,5:,:(7),:29:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.=-(a-c)(1+n)n21+n2(-1+)2-2+22+2n(1-2+22),dxdn0,:,,,,,:x2(a-c)(1-)1-2+22;,,,,,(n=2),:x(a-c)(1-9-18+142)1-2+221.,,,,,,,;,,,,,,:W=W-W0xh,xh,n,:xh,:xh=(a-c)[2n(n-2)-n(n-1)(4+n)+4(n2-1)2-4(n-1)(1+n)2(n2-3)+(n-1)[n3(3+n)(4+n)+8n2-30n-14]2]n[4n-6(n-1)+(n-1)(7+n)2-2]6::(1),,,,(2),,,(3),,,(4)01345,:xExh,:lim0(xE-xh)=a-cn1+2n-2n2-2+2n+4n2n2(-4+)++2n,0,,,3920076©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(a-c=1,n=3,=4),,,xxh,2:2,,,,2,,,AitkenHarrison(1999),2,,,lim0xh=(a-c)(1+2n-2n2)n(1-2n),,n,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,:lim1xh=-(a-c)(n2+n3-6+4n-30n2+12n3+5n4+2n5+n6)n(-3+4n+n2),n,,,,,,,:,,,,,,xE-xh0,=01345,01345,,xE-xh0,01345,,,2.,,49:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,2002;,2000),,,,,,,,,,?,xE,dxEdn=0,n,:n3=-2+22-(1-)2-2-22+4-4nn3,dxEdn0,,nn3,dxEdn0,,n=n3,,,n3,:7:n3=-2+22-(1-)2-2-22+4-4,,,,,,VishwasraoBosshardt(2001),,,U,WangBlomstrÊm(1992)VishwasraoBosshardt,,m,i:ij=[p(qj)-cij]qij=(a-cij-qj)qij(8),,ij:5ij5qij=a-cij-qj-qij=0(9)(8)(9),qjj,,:qj=(n-1)qhj+mqfj(8)(9),5920076©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.=a-c-mxn+m,qf1=a-c+nxn+m,:qh2=a-c+x(-m+m+)n+m,qf2=a-c+x(n-n+)n+m:f=2j=1fj(qhj,qfj;x)-C(x)(10),,(10),:xE=2(a-c)(-2n+n-)4n2-4(-1+n)n+2(-1+n)22-(1+n)2(11)8::(11),:dxEdm=4(a-c)(m+n)(-2n+n-)[-4n2+4(-1+n)-2(-1+n)22+(m+n)2]2,dxEdm0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,69:©1994-2009ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.Êm(1996),:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,2000:,12,2002a:,6,2002b::,2,2006::,54,2004:,5,2003:,4,2001:,10,2006:,4,2004:,1Aitken,BrianJ.,Harrison,AnnE.,1999,DoDomesticFirmsBenefitfromDirectForeignInvestment?EvidencefromVenezuela,AmericanEconomicReviewVol.89,pp.605618.BlomstrÊmM.,KokkoA.,1996,MultinationalCorporationsandSpillovers,JournalofEconomicSurveysVol.12,pp.131.BlomstrÊmM.,Wolff,EdwardN.,1994,MultinationalCorporationsandProductivityConvergenceinMexico,In:BlomstrÊm,Magnus,Wolff,EdwardN.(Eds.),ConvergenceofProductivity:Cross2NationalStudiesandHistoricalEvidence,OxfordUniv.Press,OxfordandNewYork,pp.243259.BruunP.,BennettD.,2002,TransferofTechnologytoChina:AScandinavianandEuropeanPerspective,BirminghamEuropeanManagementJournal,Vol.20,No.1,pp.98106.Caves,RichardE.,1999,MultinationalEnterpriseandEconomicAnalysis,seconded.CambridgeUniv.Press,Cambr