1名词性从句中连词选择“三步法”在高考单项选择中,名词性从句中连词的选择往往是测试的热点。考生若不认真分析,没有一定的方法,常常造成判断上的失误,最终错选了连词。笔者认为,如果考生能采取“一分二划三看”三步法对试题加以分析,则会收到良效。一、“一分”即分清从句类型:四种从句①主语从句(从句位于动词前作主语)②宾语从句(从句位于动词后作宾语)③表语从句(从句位于系动词之后作表语)④同位语从句(从句位于特殊的名词如idea,fact,news等后补充说明前面的名词)二、“二划”即划分出从句(用括号表示从句)(1)(Thattheerathisround)istrue.(主语从句)v(2)Doyouknow(wherehelives)?(宾语从句)v(3)Myopinionis(thatyoushouldnotgoalone).(表语从句)v(4)Idon’tliketheidea(thatmoneyiseverything).(同位语从句)n三、“三看”即看从句句意是否完整:1、句意不完整→缺连接代词①人who,whoever(主语)whom,whomever(宾语)②物what,whatever(主语、宾语)which,whichever(主语、宾语)22、句意完整(1)缺连接副词:①时间:when;②地点:where,wherever;③原因:why;④方式:how。(2)缺不作成份的连词①有含义:if、wherther(是否);②无含义:that注:if一般不用来引导主语从句;that只有在宾语从句中才可以省略。下面,我们以4道高考试题为例加以解析1、hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(NMET93,19)A、WhatB、ThatC、ThefactD、Thematter析:(1)分清从句类型:因为主句动词astonished前有一个从句,则一定是主语从句。(2)划出主语从句:(hesaidatthemeeting)astonishedeverybodyvpresent.(3)看主语从句句意是否完整:从句动词said后缺宾语,即句意不完整,则一定缺连接代词。在四个选项中只有What可以做said的宾语,所以答案(A)正确。2、Acomputercanonlydoyouhaveinstructedittodo.(NMET2001,31)A、howB、afterC、whatD、when析:(1)分清从句类型:主句动词do后有一个从句,所以是宾语从句。(2)划分出宾语从句:…do(youhaveinstructedittodo.)v(3)看宾语从句句意是否完整:不定式todo后缺宾语,句意不完整,应缺少连接代词,所以只有答案(C)正确。3、—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.3—Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?(NMET99)A、whyB、whenC、whatD、where析:(1)分清从句类型:从句“…youhadafewdaysoff”位于“is”之后,所以应该是表语从句。(2)划分出表语从句:Isthat(youhadafewdaysoff)?v(3)看表语从句句意是否完整:从译文“你请了几天假”可以判断句意完整,应该缺连接副词或不作成份的连词。根据上下文含义,应该选择表示“原因”的“why”,所以最佳答案为(A)。4、Informationhasbeenputforwordmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.(2001年上海试题)A、whileB、thatC、whenD、as析:(1)分清从句类型:根据句子结构分析“…moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.”应该修饰名词“Information”,所以是同位语从句。(2)划出同位语从句:Informationhasbeenputforword(morenmiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities).(3)看同位语从句句意是否完整:根据从句含义“更多的中学生将被大学录取”可以判断,从句句意完整,所以可能缺连接副词或不作成份的连词。(A)、(D)答案不是名词从句中的连词,根据句子的含义,应选一个不作成份的连词,故最佳答案为(B)。请同学们根据“三步法”,试作以下高考题:1、(’96)wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.4A、What;whatB、What;thatC、That;thatD、That;what2、(’96)we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A、IfB、WhetherC、ThatD、Where3、(’97)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogaiveachildheorshewants.A、howeverB、whateverC、whicheverD、whenever4、(’98)Whydoyouwantanewjobyou’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A、thatB、whereC、whichD、when5、(’98)causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A、WhatB、ThatC、HowD、Where6、(’99)hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A、WhoB、TheoneC、AnyoneD、Whoever7、(’00)shecouldn’tunderstandwasfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A、What;whyB、That;whatC、What;becauseD、Why;that8、(’01)Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtismymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A、whenB、howC、whetherD、why9、(‘03)Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecarsroadconditionsneed.A、that;tobeimprovedB、which;tobeimprovedC、where;improvingD、when;improving10、(’03)madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A、What;becauseB、What;thatC、That;whatD、That;beccauseKeys:1-5ABBDA6-10DACAB