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专题一记叙文专题一│记叙文考题导读专题一│考题导读记叙文(含夹叙夹议文)是湖南高考阅读简答的主要体裁之一。其主要特点是以记叙为主，辅以各种综合表达方法，包括描写、说明、议论和抒情等。通过对人和事的描写表达作者的思想感情和中心思想。记叙的要素包括时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果，即我们常说的五个w(who，what，when，where，why)。专题一│考题导读记叙文的另一特点就是有一定的叙事线索，如：人物线索(人物的经历、见闻、感受等)、事件线索(中心事件的来龙去脉)、感情线索(作者或作品中主要人物的思想感情变化)、时间线索、地点和空间线索等。作者在叙述过程中往往会融入人物的语言、行为、心理的描写，这在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的难度。这时，考生必须理清上下文的脉络，对人物的语言、行为、心理等给出合理的想象和推理，并仔细揣摩作者的用意，从而透彻理解文意，达到对语境的准确理解，这样才能准确有效地快速找到答题所需的有效信息句。真题再现专题一│真题再现[2010·湖南]SecretSantasOnChristmasmorning,Lindawakesup,andtriestoimaginethewideeyedsurpriseofchildreninanotherhouseholdastheyunwrapthepresentsshecarefullychoseforthem.Lindahasnevermetthechildren,butthat’sallpartofthejoyofgivingassecretSantas,shesays.专题一│真题再现“It’sanamazingfeelingtobuygiftsonananonymous(匿名的)basis，”saysLinda.“Itbringsawholenewmeaningtotheholidays.”LindaandTonyareanAmericancouplelivinginToronto,Canada,andLindadidcharitableworkasamemberoftheAmericanWomen’sClubofToronto.Asthenamesuggests,membersareU．S.citizenslivinginToronto,whojointogetherforfellowshipandcommunityservice.专题一│真题再现Tofindher“adopted”family,Lindagoestothelocalschoolsandrequestsawishlistforafamilythat’sstrugglingtosurvive.Lastyearshehelpedasinglemotherwiththreechildren.Themotherworksasacleaningladyinanursinghome.“Thelistisalwaysheartbreaking.Theyhaveanopportunitytoaskforanythinganddojusttheopposite,askingforbasicclothesorsimpletoys，”shesays.“Wealwaysbuythekidsanewwintercoat,hats,andgloves.”Shealsobuysgiftsfortheparents.专题一│真题再现LastyearLindaaskedthemotherforasecondwishlist—onethatdidn’tincludethebasics.“EverychildshouldhaveaChristmasthatstickswiththemforalifetime.”ShepurchasediPodsforthetwoolderchildrenandavideogamesystemfortheyoungest.“Ihavelearnedaveryvaluablelessoninallofthis，”saysLinda.“Payattentiontowhat’sgoingoninyourownbackyard—nomatterwhereyoulive.”ThejoyofgivingassecretSantasismuchsweeterwhenthegiftisanonymous.专题一│真题再现1．WhatreactiondoesLindaimaginethechildrenwillhave?(nomorethan5words)_________________________________________________2．WhydidLindajointheAmericanWomen’sClubofToronto?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________3．WhydidLindaaskforasecondwishlist？(nomorethan15words)_________________________________________________4．Whatkindofpeopledoes“secretSantas”inthepassagereferto？(nomorethan12words)_______________________________________________专题一│真题再现【文章大意】本文为记叙文。讲述圣诞节匿名送礼的故事。1．Theywillfeelgreatlysurprised.根据第一段“Lindawakesup,andtriestoimaginethewideeyedsurpriseofchildreninanotherhouseholdastheyunwrapthepresentsshecarefullychoseforthem.”可判断作答。专题一│真题再现2．Shejoineditforfellowshipandcommunityservice.根据第三段“LindadidcharitableworkasamemberoftheAmericanWomen’sClubofToronto.Asthenamesuggests,membersareU．S.citizenslivinginToronto,whojointogetherforfellowshipandcommunityservice.”可判断作答。专题一│真题再现3．Shewantedtogivethechildrensomeothergiftsratherthanthebasics.根据倒数第二段“LastyearLindaaskedthemotherforasecondwishlist—onethatdidn’tincludethebasics.”和“ShepurchasediPodsforthetwoolderchildrenandavideogamesystemfortheyoungest.”可推断作答。4．ItreferstopeoplewhogiveawayanonymousgiftsonChristmas.综合第一段和最后一段可推断作答。专题预测专题一│专题预测(一)TomHeaffey,abright18yearoldman,hasjustgraduatedfrommiddleschool.Yetjustthreeyearsago,hewasactuallypredictedtofailhisexams.Remarkably,hislifehasbeenchangedbyapairofblueglasses,whichhaveenabledhimtoreadproperlyforthefirsttime.专题一│专题预测Tomsuffersfromvisualstress.Withoutglasses,whenhelooksataprintedpage,thetextappearedtobeunclearanddistorted(失真的).Othersymptomsincludeheadaches.WhenTomwasachild,hismotherSarahknewhewasperformingbadlyatschool.“Heusedtosaythewordswerejumping.Eyetestsshowedhissightwasnormal,sohisteachersconcludedhewasaslowerlearner.”专题一│专题预测“Tryingtoreadwastiringandgavemeheadaches,soIcouldn’tconcentrateforlong，”recallsTom.Itwasnotuntilthreeyearsagothathewasdiagnosedwithvisualstress.AccordingtoArnoldWilkins,professorofEssexUniversity,theconditionisaresultoftheneurons(神经元)inthevisualpartofthebrain.专题一│专题预测“Differentneuronsinthebrainreacttodifferentcolors，”explainsProf.Wilkins.“Wediscoveredthatusingcoloredlenses(透镜)reducestheoveractivityoftheseneurons.”Asapatientwillresponddifferentlytoeachcolor,ProfWilkinsdevelopedtheIntuitiveColorimeter,atestingdevicethatdiagnosestheexactcoloranindividualneeds.专题一│专题预测Patientsareaskedtoreadtextonamachinethatcancause110,000differentcolors.Thecorrectshadewillallowthepatienttoreadclearly.Thisinformationisusedtomaketherightcolorofcoloredlens.Tom’slensesareblue.Whenhefirstputonhisglasses,hefeltemotional.“Suddenly,whenIlookedatabook,IcouldseehowIshouldalwayshavebeenabletosee.”专题一│专题预测Bydoingthreehoursofextraworkafterschooleverynight,Tompassedtenexaminations,withoneAandthreeBs.“MumcriedwhenIgotmyresults，”hesays.1．Whatarethesymptomsofvisualstress？(nomorethan7words)________________________________________________2．Howdocoloredlensesdealwithvisualstress？(nomorethan15words)________________________________________________专题一│专题预测3．WhatistheuseoftheIntuitiveColorimeter？(nomorethan8words)________________________________________________4．Accordingtothelastparagraph,w