unit5_grammar_省略

(1).简单句中的省略•1.省略主语:祈使句中的主语通常被省略;其他省略主语的情况多限于现成的口语中。•1)(You)Comein,please.•2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.•3)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.•2.Therebe结构中there的省略•Inandaroundthecitytherearelotsoftrees.•3.省略主语或谓语的一部分•1)(It)Soundsagoodidea.•2)(Wouldyoulike)Somethingtodrink?•3)(Youcome)Thisway,please.•4.省略宾语•可以省略宾语的全部;可以省略作宾语的动词不定式,只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态,则须在to后加上be或have。•1)---DoyouknowMissHu?---Idon’tknow(her).•2)Don’ttouchanythingunlesstheteachertellsyouto(touch).•3)---Areyouateacher?---No,butIwanttobe(ateacher).•4)---Hehasn’tfinishedthetask.---Well,heoughttohave(finishit).•5.省略表语•1).---Areyouthirsty?---Yes,Iam(thirsty).•2)Hisbrotherisn’tlazy.Norishissister(lazy).•6.同时省略几个句子成分•1)---Areyoufeelingbetternow?---(I’mfeeling)Better(now).•2)---Whendidyoureadthenovel?---(Ireadit)Longago.•3)Let’smeetattheschoolgateasthesameas(wemet)yesterday.(2).并列句中的省略•两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分．•1)Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.•2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.•3)Lin’sfatherwasnotathome,buthismotherwas(athome).(3).主从复合句中的省略•1.主句中有主语和谓语被省略•1)(I’m)Sorrytohearthatyouareill.•2)(It’sa)Pitythatyoumissedsuchagoodchance.•2.省略从句中与主句相同的部分•Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).•3.主句与从句各有一些成分被省略•Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).(4).其他省略•1.连词的that省略•1)宾语从句中常省略that,但多个宾语从句并列时,通常只省略第一个that•Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.•2)在定语从句中that在作宾语时才能省略•Thebook(that)Iborrowedyesterdaywashers.•2.在某些状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句主语为it，且从句谓语部分有be动词时,可省去“主语+be”部分•1).When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.•2).As(hewas)achild,helivedinIndia.•3).If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.•4).Though(heis)young,heknowsalot.3.不定式符号to的省略•(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to•Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.•(2)前面出现过的动词在下文再次出现时，可省略不定式符号to后面的内容。•Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).•A:Wouldyouliketocometotheparty?B:I’dloveto(cometheparty.)•(3)I'mafraid/think/believe/hope/guess后接的宾语从句可用so和not来代替。如•Doyouthinkitwillrain?•Ihopeso.•Ihopenot.•(4)某些使役动词（let,make,have）及感官动词（see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。•Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.•Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.•Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.•Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.•(5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。•Whatwecandonowis(to)wait.•(6)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。•Wefoundhim(to)workveryhardattheexperiment.•但如果是不定式tobe，则不能省略。•Shefoundhimtobedishonest.•4.条件从句中有should,were或had时,可以省略if,但要将should,were或had提至句首。•IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.•Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.•IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.•Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?3.Rewritethesesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.1.Theburnthatshegotfromtheironwasredanditwasverypainful.(_____)P37(___)2.Aboywasontheleftsideofthesickwoman,andagirlwasontherightsideofthesickwoman.3.Shehasadaughterwhoisinhospital.4.Hewenttothedoctorbecausehehadtogotothedoctor.()(_____)(_____________)()•5.Didshepassthefirstaidtestthatshedidyesterdayordidn’tshepass?•6.Shecouldnotdecidedwhethertosendhimtohospitalornottosendhimtohospital.()not.7.Whenyournoseisbleeding,youshouldbendforwardsothatthebloodrunsoutofyournoseandtheblooddoesn’trundownyourthroat.8.Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirstaidcoursebutmostofthestudentshaven’tdoneafirstaidcourse.notdownyourthroat.Thesesentencesarecorrect.However,oneormorewordshavebeenleftout.Canyoutellyourpartnerwhichwordsaremissing?1)Thetemplesurroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.Thetemple(whichis)surroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.P374.2)ThefirstbookIreadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond.Thefirstbook(that)Ireadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond(bookthatIreadthisterm).定语从句中的省略3)Toherteacher’ssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthanexpected.Toherteacher’ssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthan(shewas)expected(todo).在than,as引导的比较状语从句中的省略4)Idon’tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave.Idon’tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave(returnedfromthehospital).在并列复合句中，后面分句中与前面分句中相同的部分常可省略5)Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidn’t.Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidn’t(wanttohelptheaccidentvictim).在并列复合句中，后面分句中与前面分句中相同的部分常可省略6)Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto.Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto(borrowmyfirstaidnotes).不定式后省略动词7)Soundslikeagoodidea.(It)soundslikeagoodidea.8)AnythingIcandoforyou?(Isthere)anythingIcandoforyou?