3.Wehadtowaithalfanhour___wehadalreadybookedatable.(2007年辽宁)A.sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before4.IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s_____Ihavetowait.(2005全国Ⅲ)A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderD.asifB.althoughA.incase高考链接:1.Youwillbesuccessfulintheinterview____youhaveconfidence.(2007福建)A.beforeB.onceC.untilD.though2.-----Whereisthatreport?------Ibroughtittoyou____youwereinMr.Black’sofficeyesterday.(2007北京)A.IfB.whenC.becauseD.beforeB.onceB.when状语从句AdverbialClause1.时间状语从句(1).从属连词:when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,assoonas,hardly……when…..,nosooner…..than等。(2).名词短语充当的连词:themoment,theminute,theinstant(一….就….),everytime,eachtime,thefirsttime,the(second,third,……)lasttime,nexttime等。(3).副词充当的连词:immediately,directly,instantly(一….就…)英语状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句.连接词when的用法小结1.when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续的,也可以是表短暂性动作的动词,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如:Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.2.可用作并列连词,其意义为“那时,这时”,相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式:Somebodywasdoingsomething/wasabouttodosth./wasonthepointofdoingsth.when…(刚要……这时突然……)3.还可以表示原因“既然”,相当于since;consideringthat。如:Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.•Since和as用法小结由since引导的时间状语从句。一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在Itis+时间+since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时(注意翻译)。例如:IhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.自从你离开后,我一直在北京。WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou?自上次我和你见面以后,你到哪里去了?ItisfouryearssincemysisterlivedinShanghai.我妹妹不在上海住有四年了。•as表示“一边……一边”,as引导的动作是延续性的,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生;as也可以强调“一先一后”。例如:Wealwayssingaswewalk.我们总是边走边唱。(as表示“一边……一边”)Aswewasgoingout,itbegantosnow.当我们出门时,开始下雪了。(as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定时间。)While用法小结1.引导时间状语Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio,shefellasleep.她听着收音机睡着了。2.引起让步状语从句,意思是“虽然..但是..”、“尽管..但是..”(多放于句首)Whileheloveshisstudents,heisverystrictwiththem..虽然他爱他的学生,可是他对他们很严格。Whiletheseexperimentsareinterestinganduseful,itisimportanttorememberthattheymaynotalwaystellusmuch.虽然这些实验很有趣也有用,但是很重要的是要记住,这些实验也可能不会告诉你很多。3.While作并列连词用,意思为“而,然而”,表对比。Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven‘tenough.有些人很浪费粮食,然而有些人却吃不饱。Thesonwashavingagoodmealathome,whiletheparentswereworkinginthefields.儿子在家吃好饭而父母却在地里辛勤劳作.小结:till,until和not…until:1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时,主句的动词是延续性动词,表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间,意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如:Wewaiteduntilhecame.2.用于否定句时,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句为肯定,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如:Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3.till不可以置于句首,而until可以。如:UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4.not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法:ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.连接词before的小结:一、含义1.Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.2.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.3.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.4.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.“……才”“不到……就”“趁……”“还没来得及”二.Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如:Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.三.1)句型Itwillbe/was+段时间+before…“还要过多久才……”如:Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.2)句型Itwillbe/wasnot+一段时间+before…“不多久就……”如:Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.3)句型Itis+段时间+since…时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如:Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinthearmy.Itisthreeyearssinceshejoinedthearmy.1.Itwasnotuntilwecamebackfromoutsideoutofhisbed.A.didhegetB.whenhegotC.thathegotD.thenhegot[温馨提示]“notuntil….”结构放句首,主句要部分倒装,用在强调句型中句式为“Itis/wasnotuntil….that….”且不倒装。另外,“hardly….when”,“nosooner….than….”的结构,前句要部分倒装,后句不倒装。2.Sendmyregardstoyourlovelywifewhenyou_____home.(2006年上海)A.wroteB.willwriteC.havewrittenD.write3.Iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilheonitformorethananhour.(2006年湖北)A.hasbeenworkingB.willhaveworkedC.willhavebeenworkingD.hadworkedC.thathegotD.writeA.hasbeenworking[温馨提示]:在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句的谓语动词应用一般现在时(如强调动作的完成,可用现在完成时),如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就用一般过去时。4.ThefieldresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbelongtime___wemeetthemagain.(2007安徽)A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.whenB.before[温馨提示](1).Itwillbe+时间段+before…要过多久才……Itwillnotbe+时间段+before…不久就……Itwas+时间段+before...过了多久才……eg.Itwillnotbelongbeforeweleaveschool.(2)Itis\hasbeen+时间段+since…自从…以来已经有……eg.ItissixyearssincewebegantolearnEnglish.(3).Itis\was+时间点+when…eg.Itwasmidnight____Igothereyesterday.A.thatB.beforeC.sinceD.when5.Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark_____shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.(2004上海)A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.oncewhile引导的时间状语从句表示”在此期间”或”一边…一边”WhileshewaswatchingTV,shewascrackingseeds.Whileyouareaway\onholiday,I’lllookafteryourcat.when(1)表示”当…的时候”(2)就在这时,那时(atthattime)固定结构:beabouttodo…when…beonthepointofdoing…when…[温馨提示]D.whenA.when2.条件状语从句常用连接词:if,unless(如果不,除非),aslongas(只要),solongas(只要),oncondition(that)(如果),provided(that),providing(that),suppose(that),supposing(that)(假若),considering(考虑到),given(考虑到)等。6.fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.(2006湖北)A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube高考链接:[温馨提示]:注意if条件状语从句的虚拟语气,如条件句中含有系动词were,助动词had或should,可将if省略,把were,had或should移至主语前。7.you’vetriedit,youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.(2006北京)A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.WhenB.ShouldyoubeA.Unless3.地点状