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BookⅡunit1culturalrelicssurvive[sə'vaiv]•vi.1.活下来，幸存；残存：thepeoplewhosurviveinthewar经过战争洗礼而幸存的人们Inthebigfire,sometreessurvived.大火之后，仍有一些树木残存。2.继续存在；继续使用：•vt.1.比…活得长：Mygrandmasurvivedmygrandpabytenyears.我祖父去世以后，我祖母又活了十年。2.幸免于，从…逃生；经历…后继续存在：tosurvivethefire从大火中逃生3.从…中坚持过来：•tosurvivethedifficulties渡过艰苦时期•insearchof寻找；探求，追求=inone'ssearchformakeasearchfor找；寻求Culturalrelics•1.FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchastrangehistory.(P1,L1)•普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世从来也不会想到他赠送给俄国人民的礼物会有如此离奇的历史。•couldnot/neverhavedone对过去所发生事情的否定推测Culturalrelicscouldhavedone•情态动词（could/might/must/should）+havedone表示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔。•couldhavedone可能做过；本来可以（却未做）•mighthavedone或许做过；本来或许会做•mayhavedone或许做过•wouldhavedone本来要做（却未做）•musthavedone肯定已做过（表推测）•needn’thavedone本来没必要做（却已做）should(n’t)havedone本来（不）应该做（却做了）ought(n’t)tohavedone•select•select/choose/elect/pick•【解释】•这些动词均含有“选择”之意。•select强调在广泛的范围内进行“精选或淘汰”，侧重以客观为标准进行选择。•choose普通用词，侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重被选者的优点。•elect指按照一定的规章或法律，用投票等方式进行的认真慎重的选择。•pick口语用词，强调“从个人角度在众多之中进行挑选”，有时含有“任意选择”的意思。•【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空•1).Please________agoodbookforme.•2).She________adiamondringfromthecollection.•3).We_________ourmonitorbyashowofhands.•4).She_________theredsweaterratherthanthepinkone.•Thedesignfortheroomwasofthefancystylepopularinthosedays.(P1,L4)•琥珀屋的设计具有当时那个年代最流行的奇特风格。•fancy•adj.不寻常的;精致的;v.想;以为;想像•1).That'saveryfancypairofshoes!那是一双非常别致的鞋!•2).Ifancy(that)it'sgoingtoraintoday.我看今天要下雨•fancythat…以为是……•fancy(sb’s)doing…想像（某人）做某事•fancyoneself自负；自命不凡•fancysb.tobe/as想象/认为某人会成为……1.valuen.价值valuableadj.贵重的;很有价值的valuelessadj.无价值的;没有用处的2.survivev.继续生存或存在survivaln.存活;幸存survivorn.幸存者3.decoratev.装饰decorationn.装饰;装潢decorativeadj.装饰的;作装饰用的【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1)Thejawbonewasourmost_________discovery.(value)2)Theyhaveorderedsoftwaretothe_______of700.(value)3）Hethinksouradviceis_________,sohewon’ttakeit.((value))4）Manystrangecustomshave__________fromearliertimes.(survive)5）Thisceremonyisa_________frompre-Christiantimes.(survive)6）Sheistheonly________intheaccident.(survive)7)Whenwilltheyfinishthe________ofthebathroom?(decorate)8)Thebuildingwas_________withflags.(decorate)9).Thecolouredlightsarevery_________.(decorate)•beusedtodosth.被用来做某事•beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事•bemadeinto...被制成；•bemadeof/from用…制成(看得见原材料/看不见原材料)•bemadefor为…制作•bemadeupof由…组成•inreturn回报,作为报酬•Whatcanwedofortheminreturnforallthehelptheyhavegivenus?•我们将怎样来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢?•[短语归纳]•inturn轮流地,依次;反过来•byturns轮流地,时而…时而…•Aboutfourmetreslong,theroomservedasasmallreceptionhallforimportantvisitors.(Para2,L9)•琥珀屋约四米长，做了接待贵宾的小接待厅。•serveas担任，充当•HeservedtwotermsasPresident.•Heservedasawaiterthere.•Whenyousleepintheopen,oldnewspaperscanserveasablanket.•Later，CatherineⅡhadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPeters-burgwhereshespenthersummers．后来，捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。•hadtheAmberRoommoved是havesth．done结构，该结构中done是过去分词作补语，意为“使某事被做”“让别人做某事”，而不是主语自己做。•Ihadmyhaircutyesterday．昨天我理发了。•whereshespenthersummers为定语从句，修饰先行词StPetersburg，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。又如：•ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn．这是我的出生地In1770,theroomwascompletedtheway(that)shewantedit.(方式状语)e.g.IwasneverallowedtodothingsthewayIwanted.hewaslookingatherinawaythatsurprisedher.wehavetomakeitworkinthewaythattheywantitto•considervt.考虑；认为•1).WeareconsideringgoingtoCanada,iewemaygothere.我们正考虑到加拿大去。•2).Weconsiderthis(tobe)veryimportant.我们认为这非常重要。•[重点用法]•considerdoingsth./sth.考虑做某事•considersb./sth.as/tobe…•considerit+形容词+todosth….认为做某事是……•considering…考虑到……•Missing•missing:“丢失的,缺少的”,强调不在场•lost:过去分词,“失去的,丧失的”•gone:过去分词,“过去的,不在的,丢了”,常作表语和补语•1).Fivepeoplewere_______.•2).Theboatandallthemenwere___inthestorm.•3).Mypaininthelegis____now.wondersoftheworld世界上的奇迹•wondern.惊奇，奇迹；不知道……(想知道)•1).Theywerefilledwithwonderatthesight.他们见此情景惊叹不已。•2).Iwonderwhoheis.我不知道他究竟是谁。•[重点用法]•wonder+从句“自忖…，自问…，不知道…(想知道)”•wonder+if从句“请问您是否……”（用于礼貌地提出请求）•wonderat对……感到惊奇•Thereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforkonigsberg,atthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.•毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时它是波罗的海边的一个德国城市。•Thereisnodoubt=It’sclear=It’sbeyondargument•doubtn.怀疑；不确定；不信任；v.对……无把握，怀疑1).HeiswithoutdoubttheclevereststudentI'veevertaught.他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。•2).Idoubtwhetherhe'llcome.我不敢肯定他来不来。Thereisnodoubtaboutsth./that….毫无疑问……•withoutdoubt确定地；无疑地•Idon’tdoubtthat…我肯定……（=I’msure/certainthat…）•Idoubtif/whether…我不确定……（=I’mnotsure/certainif/whether…）•worth•adj.值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值;n.价值;用处1).Thenewcarcostalotofmoney,butit'scertainlyworthit.买这辆新汽车花了很多钱,但确实物有所值。•2).Thethievesstole1millionworthofjewellery.•窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。beworthdoingsth值得（做某事）;有（做某事）的价值worthofsth用于表示数量﹑持续时间等的名词之后，值某金额的量•ratherthan不是别的，而是……•1).IthinkI'llhaveacolddrinkratherthancoffee.我想喝冷饮,不想喝咖啡.•2).It'smanagementthat'satfaultratherthanthework-force.错在资方而不在劳方.•wouldratherdosth…thandosth…宁愿做……；而不愿做……=preferdoing…todoing…)than的短语集锦•1.nomorethan仅仅，只是•2.noneotherthan正是，不是别的•3.nootherthana.只有b.正是，就是(=thesameas•4.notmorethan不超过；至多；不比…更…•otherthan=exceptfor除了……；而非